阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Suppose you want to buy some new clothes or a new TV．Or maybe you need some work done on your car．How can you find the best price without shopping all over town? Ads can help you．Ads can show you lots of prices．And you don't have to go anywhere to see them．Just open a newspaper or magazine, and you'll find plenty of ads．

　　The following is an ad about TV sets for sale．Please read it and answer the questions below．

1．How many different kinds of TV sets does the store advertise here?

[　　]

2．Which of the following statements is true according to the advertisement?

[　　]

A．You can buy any kind on July l4th．

B．The service time is 9-9 every day except Monday．

C．The larger the screen is, the higher the price will be．

D．The lowest price is a little more than 300.．

3．Which is not mentioned in the ad?

[　　]

A．The date of the American National Day．

B．The post code of the area where the store is．

C．The phone number of the store．

D．The names of the TV sets．

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Listening to music while you drive can improve your speed and ability to get away from accidents, according to Australian psychologists (心理学家)．But turning your car radio up to full volume could probably make you end up in an accident．The performance of difficult tasks can be affected if people are subjected to loud noise．The experience of pulling up at traffic lights alongside care with loud music made some psychologists in the University of Sydney look into whether loud music has something to do with driving．

　　The psychologists invited 60 men and women aged between 20 and 28 as subjects and tested them on almost the same driving tasks under three noise conditions: silence, rock music played at a gentle 55 decibels (分贝), and the same music at 85 decibels．

　　For l0 minutes the subjects sat in front of a screen operating a simple machine like a car．They had to track a moving disk on screen, respond to traffic signals changing color, and brake (刹车) in response to arrows that appeared without warning．

　　On the tracking task, there was no difference in performance under the three noise conditions．But under both the loud and quiet music conditions, the performers “braked” at a red light about 50 milliseconds sooner than they did when there was no rock music at all．That could mean a reduction in braking distance of a couple of meters actually, the difference between life and death for a pedestrian(行人)．

　　When it came to the arrows that appeared across the visual field, the psychologists found that when the music was quiet, people responded faster to objects in their central field of sight by about 50 milliseconds．For the people listening at 85 decibels．response times dropped by a further 50 milliseconds - a whole tenth of second faster than those “driving” with no music．

　　“But there’s a trade - off,” the psychologists told the European Congress of Psychology．“They lose the ability to look around the whole situation effectively．” In responding to objects that suddenly appeared, people subjected to 85-decibel rock music were around 100 milliseconds slower than both the other groups．Since some accidents - such as children running into the road -take place without any notice, drivers listening to loud music must be less safe as a result．

1．Which of the following is the best way to make driving safer?

[　　]

A．Loud music．

B．Quiet music．

C．Silence．

D．Heavy metal music．

2．What does the phrase “pulling up” in paragraph two mean?

[　　]

A．Stopping．

B．Giving somebody a lift．

C．Putting up with．

D．Driving．

3．Where did the researchers do the experiment?

[　　]

A．At crossroads．

B．At a police traffic station．

C．In a crowded street．

D．Under the same conditions as those of the streets．

4．Which of the following didn't help the performers to “brake” sooner at red lights?

[　　]

A．Silence．

B．Loud music．

C．Quiet music．

D．Rock music．

5．Which of the following is NOT true of loud music?

[　　]

A．It helped the performers to brake sooner at red lights．

B．lt helped the performers to be more careful．

C．It helped the performers to respond faster to objects suddenly stepping in the way．

D．It can do more good than harm to drivers．

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　In recent years, especially during the l960s, there was much discussion about “the brain drain (排干, 流失),” which dealt with the problem of students and learned people who left their own countries for other countries that offered better chances for study, research, and employment．For example, according to a report from U．N．, between 1962 and l966 more than 50 percent of all engineering graduates of Iran and 14 percent of Iranian scientists left their country for work abroad．Over 30 percent of Chilean engineers and 15 percent of Turkish physicians also went to work in other countries．Probably the greatest brain drain occurred among young scientists who had gone abroad to study．Many of them had planned to return to their countries to teach but chose to remain in more industrialized nations where they were able to continue their work and their research in fields in which there were no job possibilities at home．The countries that attracted most of these scientists were the United States, Great Britain, Germany, France, Canada, and Australia．

　　Recent studies show that the brain drain to the United States may be decreasing．Many foreign scientists are going home again, and in some cases American scientists are leaving the United States for employment in other countries．The main reasons are that good jobs are becoming fewer here, money for national research has been sharply cut, and university fellowships reduced too．However, in the field of medicine the drain to the United States still goes on．Today more than one of every five American doctors is foreign - born, and several thousand foreign doctors immigrate to the United States each year．Over eighty countries have asked the State Department to send students who are skilled in important fields such as medicine back home when their study programs are over．

1．Which of the following is not the reason for “the brain drain”?

A．Better chances of study．

B．Better research condition．

C．Good job possibility．

D．Good housing．

2．The brain drain to the United States may be decreasing mainly because __________．

[　　]

A．many foreign scientists are ordered to return to their motherlands

B．there are fewer and fewer good jobs in the USA

C．they don't need any foreign scientists now

D．the universities refuse to provide money for the foreign scientists

3．How many American doctors are foreign - born?

[　　]

A．More than 20 percent．

B．About half of them．

C．Several thousand．

D．About 15 percent．

4．Which is the best title for this passage?

[　　]

A．How to seek a job in the USA．

B．Doctors' immigration to the USA．

C．The brain drain．

D．A strange case．

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Besides this question of the time given to pronunciation, there are two other requirements for the teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique．

　　It is important that the teacher should be in possession of the necessary information．This can generally be got from books．It is possible to get from books some idea of the speech, and of what we call general phonetic rules．It is also possible in this way to get a clear mental picture of the relationship between the sounds of different languages, between the speech habits of English people and those, say, of your students．Unless the teacher has such a picture, and explanations he makes on his students’ pronunciation are unlikely to be of much use, and lesson time spent on pronunciation may well be wasted．

　　But it does not follow that you can teach pronunciation successfully as soon as you have read the necessary books．It depends, after that, what use you make of your knowledge; and this is a matter of technique．

　　Now the first and most important part of a language teacher’s technique is his own performance, his ability to show off the spoken language, in every detail of sound as well as in fluent speaking, so that the student's ability for imitation (模仿) is given the fullest space and encouragement．The teacher, then, should be as perfect a model in this field as he can make himself．And to make his own performance better, however satisfactory this may be, the modern teacher has in his hand recordings and a radio, to supply the real voices of native speakers, or, if the teacher happens to be a native speaker himself, or speaks just like one, then to change the method of presenting the language material．

　　However, the process of showing pronunciation, whether by personal example or with the help of machines, is only the beginning of teaching pronunciation．The technique of teaching each sound also needs to be considered．

1．How might the teacher find himself wasting lesson time?

[　　]

A．By spending lesson time on pronunciation．

B．By making ill-informed explanations upon pronunciation．

C．By not using books on phonetics in the classroom．

D．By not giving students a clear mental picture of the difference between sounds．

2．Students have an ability for imitation which is__________．

[　　]

A．plain and obvious

B．well developed

C．not yet developed

D．too weak to be useful

3．What is the main point the author makes about imitation of the teacher?

[　　]

A．It is a matter of secondary importance．

B．Students should be given every chance for it．

C．It depends on the student's ability．

D．Teachers are perfect models for students to imitate．

4．To someone teaching his own language to foreigners, mechanical aids (技术手段) can______．

[　　]

A．improve his own performance

B．replace his own performance

C．provide examples of native speech

D．make his voice louder

5．Showing Pronunciation is to be regarded as__________．

[　　]

A．a part of teaching pronunciation

B．an exercise of value in itself

C．an example of the use of mechanical aids

D．a technique for teaching separate sounds

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　One fine afternoon I was walking along Fifth Street, when I remembered that it was necessary to buy a pair of socks．Why I wished to buy only one pair was unimportant．I turned into the first sock shop that caught my eye, and a boy clerk who could not have been more than seventeen years old came forward, “What can I do for you, sir?” “I wish to buy a pair of socks．” His eyes shone．There was a note of excitement in his voice, “Did you know that you had come into the finest place in the world to buy socks?” I had no idea of that, as my entrance had been accidental．“Come with me,” said the boy, eagerly．I followed him to the back of the shop, and he began to pull down from the shelves box after box showing their contents for my choice．

　　“Hold on, lad, I am going to buy only one pair!” “I know that,” said he, “but I want you to see how beautiful these are．Aren’t they wonderful!” There was on his face an expression of seriousness and pride and delight as if he were showing to me the secrets of his religion．I became far more interested in him than in the socks．I looked at him in amazement．“My friend,” Said I, “if you can keep this up, if this is not merely from having a new job, if you can keep up this high spirit and excitement day after day, in ten years you will own every sock in the United States．”

1．What did the writer want to buy one fine afternoon?

[　　]

A．A pair of shoes．

B．A pair of socks．

C．Two pairs of socks．

D．A set of books．

2．Which is true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．The shop was on the Second Road．

B．The boy was 18 years old．

C．The boy was not in high spirits．

D．The writer entered the shop by chance．

3．What the writer said in the last paragraph means that．

[　　]

A．if you don’t work hard, you will lose the job

B．you should keep on following your customs

C．if you keep up your great interest in your work, you will succeed in the future

D．if you are to hardworking, you will fail

阅读理解

　　An 18th century statesman Edmund Burke once said, “All that is needed for the success of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing. ” One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights to decide whether to be used in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates (鼓吹者), whose arguments are puzzling the public and threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement attack biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing false reports of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are puzzled that anyone would harm an animal on purpose.

　　For example, a grandmotherly woman setting up an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was giving out sheets that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat, no fur, no medicines. Asked what will happen when epidemics (传染病) return, she said, “Don't worry, scientists will find some way of using computers.” Such well-meaning people just don't understand.

　　Scientists must communicate their message to the public in an understandable way—in human terms, not in the language of biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother's organ replacement, a father's bypass operation, a baby's vaccinations (接种疫苗), and even a pet's shots. To those who know nothing about the animal research that was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.

　　Much can be done. Scientists could give middle school lessons and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, in case animal rights misinformation goes unchallenged and gains a false appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care. Finally, because there are a lot of patients, the health research community should actively admit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing, there is a real possibility that uninformed citizens will wipe out the precious of medical progress.

1．The purpose of the author beginning his article with Edmund Burke's words is to ________.

[　　]

A．call on scientists to take some actions

B．argue against the cause of animal rights

C．warn of the failure of biomedical research

D．show the success of the animal rights movement

2．In the eyes of the author, misguided people are likely to think that using an animal in research is ________.

[　　]

A．cruel but necessary

B．justice but unnecessary

C．meaningful and wasteful

D．inhuman and unacceptable

3．What can be inferred from the passage?

[　　]

A．People care very little about returns of epidemics.

B．The public lacks knowledge of biomedical science.

C．Stephen Cooper is very seriously concerned about animal treatment.

D．Scientists should make efforts to develop new cures by means of hi-tech.

4．The underlined word “threatening” in paragraph 1 means ________.

[　　]

A．doing a favour to

B．drawing attention to

C．causing a danger to

D．making their way to

阅读理解

　　Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality (理性), but when it comes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any reasonable student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, many famous professors and lots of good labs and research equipment. But that's not what I did.

　　I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts (文科) university that doesn't even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility (灵活) and a value system to guide me in my job. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision (眼界) by communicating with people who weren't studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a wise choice. They told me I was wise and grown  up beyond my 18 years, and I believed them.

　　I headed of f to the college and sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories” where they didn't care if you had values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer: technical expert and excellent humanist all in one.

　　Now I'm not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideas crashed into reality, as all noble ideas finally do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal-arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile (协调) engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.

　　The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don't mix as easily as 1 supposed in high school. Individu-ally they shape a person in very different ways. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.

1．Why did the author choose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university?

[　　]

A．He intended to become an engineer and humanist.

B．He intended to be a reasonable student with noble ideals.

C．He wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality.

D．He wanted to communicate with liberal-arts students.

2．According to the author, by communicating with people who study liberal arts, engineering students can ________.

[　　]

A．become noble idealists

B．broaden their knowledge

C．find a better job in the future

D．balance engineering and liberal arts

3．When the author says “Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but when it comes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool” at the beginning of the passage, he actually means ________.

[　　]

A．he has failed to achieve his ideal aims

B．he is not a practical and rational student

C．his choice of attending to a small liberal-arts university is reasonable

D．his idea of combining engineering with liberal-arts is noble and wise

4．The author suggests in this passage that ________.

[　　]

A．liberal-arts students are supported to take engineering courses

B．technical experts with a wide vision are expected in the society

C．successful engineering students are more welcomed in the society

D．engineering universities with liberal-arts courses are needed

阅读理解

　　If you and your friends wish to share a secret, you can write it in code, and no one else will be able to read it. Codes are one way of writing in secret. Ciphers (暗码) are another. In a code each word is written as a secret code word or code number. In a cipher each letter is changed.

　　Codes and ciphers have played an important role in the history of the world. Julius Caesar, the Roman ruler who defeated almost all the countries in Europe about 2,000 years ago, used a cipher when he sent secret messages to his troops. During the American Revolution, George Washington's spies used a kind of code to send him information about the enemy before his military (军事的) action. In World War Ⅱ, the Americans “broke”, or figured out, Japan's most important navy codes and got enough information to destroy a powerful Japanese fleet.

　　Storekeepers use codes to mark their goods. The codes show how much was paid for the goods or when they were added to the stock (商品) . Businessmen use codes to hide plans from their business enemies. Sometimes personal letters or diaries are written in code. Many people enjoy figuring out codes and ciphers simply as a hobby.

　　In the 16th century, codes and ciphers were very popular among scientists. They wrote messages to each other in code so that no one else would learn their secrets. Geronimo Gardano, an Italian astrologer (星相家), mathematician, and doctor, invented the trellis cipher. He took two sheets of paper and cut exactly the same holes in each one. Then he sent one sheet, which he called a trellis, to a friend and kept the other for himself. Whenever he wanted to write a message, he put his trellis over a clean sheet of paper and wrote the secret message through the holes. Then he removed the trellis and filled the rest of the paper with words that would make sense. When his friend received it, he put his trellis over the writing and read the secret message.

1．The best title of this passage is ________.

[　　]

A．Codes and Ciphers

B．Differences between Codes and Ciphers

C．History of Codes and Ciphers

D．Inventors of Codes and Ciphers

2．Which of the following statements is true?

[　　]

A．Ciphers can be broken or figured out more easily than codes.

B．You could read some words in Geronimo's letter without his trellis.

C．The first person who ever used a cipher in history was Julius Caesar.

D．Fondness of using codes was the hobby of the scientists in the 16th century.

3．According to Geronimo Cardano, a trellis is ________.

[　　]

A．a piece of paper with many small holes

B．a secret message with a lot of small holes

C．a letter with unreadable words and sentences

D．a sheet of paper with groups of Arabic figures

4．It is NOT mentioned in the passage that codes and ciphers are used for the purpose of ________.

[　　]

A．military affairs

B．commercial secrets

C．scientific achievements

D．personal enjoyment

阅读理解

　　A Japanese toy maker declares that they have developed a gadget (小器具) that translates dog barks into human language and plans to begin selling the gadget—under the name of Bowlingual —in U. S. pet stores and gift shops this summer.

　　Tokyo-based Takara Co. Ltd. says about 300,000 of the dog translator gadgets have been sold since it was on sale in Japan late last year. It is forecasting far bigger sales once an English language translation for dogs comes to America in August. The United States is home to about 67 million dogs, more than six times the number in Japan.

　　“We know that the Americans love their dogs so much, so we don't think they will mind spending $120 on this product,” the Takara marketing manager said during an interview at a recent pet products conference in Atlanta.

　　Regarded as one of the coolest inventions of 2002 by Time magazine, Bowlingual is made up of a 3 - inch long wireless microphone that is fastened to a dog collar and sends out sounds to a small console (控制台) that is connected to a database (数据库). The console divides each bark into six emotional types—happiness, sadness, disappointment, anger, threat and desire and shows common phrases, such as “You're ticking me off,” that fit the dog's emotional state. Takara says it has spent millions of dollars developing the gadget in cooperation with famous sound experts and animal behaviorists.

　　One thing that does appear certain is that the markets for animal translation products will likely remain a dog's world since Takara has no plans to develop a similar gadget for cats. “They are too unpredictable (反复无常) ,” the marketing manager said.

1．This passage mainly tells us that Bowlingual ________.

[　　]

A．was invented in Japan

B．has developed quickly

C．will be sold in America

D．sells well for its price

2．The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refers to ________.

[　　]

3．When was this passage most probably published?

[　　]

A．In the winter of 2002.

B．In the spring of 2003.

C．In the summer of 2002.

D．In the autumn of 2003.

4．From the passage, we can see that Takara Co. Ltd. is ________ the sale of its new product.

[　　]

阅读理解

Each day water-related diseases kill 3 900 of the world's children

　　Across the world, 1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water. More than 2.6 billion people lack basic sanitation(卫生设备) .

　　The combination proves deadly. Each year, diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 5 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world. Safe drinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate, inequality between men and women, and poverty.

　　Consider these facts:

　　●The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometers.

　　●Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water, and only 37 percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet.

　　●Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases.

　　Here are three ways you can help:

　　1) Write Congress

　　Current U.S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen. Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters about clean drinking water abroad.

　　2) Sponsor a project with a faith-based organization

　　Many U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations abroad. Simply put, a single project by a U. S. organization can make safe water a reality for thousands of people.

　　3) Support nonprofit water organizations

　　Numerous U.S. -based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related to drinking water and sanitation. Like the sample of nonprofits noted as follows, some organizations are large, others small-scale; some operate worldwide, others are devoted to certain areas in Africa, Asia, or Latin America. Support them generously.

1．The three facts presented in the passage are used to illustrate that ________ .

[　　]

A．poverty can result in water-borne diseases

B．people have no access to clean drinking water

C．women's rights are denied in some developing countries

D．safe drinking water should be a primary concern

2．The intended readers of the passage are ________ .

[　　]

A．Americans

B．overseas sponsors

C．Congressmen

D．U . S. -based water organizations

3．The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to ________ .

[　　]

A．get rid of water-related diseases in developing countries

B．donate money to people short of water through religious groups

C．fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problem

D．take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations

4．What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?

[　　]

A．A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.

B．A list of nonprofit water organizations to make contact with.

C．Some ways to get financial aids from U.S. Congress.

D．A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.