Microsoft founder Bill Gates said that he planned to give away almost all of his vast fortune, largely to the cause of global health, during the course of his lifetime．With an estimated (估计) worth of more than $ 40 billion, according to Forbes, the project will be no small feat (功绩) for Gates．Having already provided the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation with $ 24 billion to address global health issues, Gates said that eventually his entire fortune will be put towards the cause except a few percent left for the kids．

　　So what has made the richest man in the world to channel his resources so heavily into one interest? Gates believes that the equality of opportunity in which Americans take such pride needs to extend to other nations around the world．Improving the health of the populations, he says, has proven to be an essential method in helping poor countries to be financially successful．“National borders allow inequalities,” said Gates．“We all need to take a more global view, rather than just saying my country is doing well．We have to step up these health issues, knowing how few resources are going into them．”

　　Gates said that both his parents set an example for him as a child．His father, William H．Gates, was the head of the local Planned Parenthood, and his mother, Mary, volunteered for the United Way．As he gathered his fortune, Gates knew he would eventually want to give back as well, but he didn't expect to devote himself whole-heartedly to one project until he was about 60．

　　However, Gates, 47, began to question his ability to wait that long．“It seemed there was a real time urgency,” Gates said．“I started to think, ‘How many lives could I save before then?’”

1．Bill Gates will give away his vast fortune to________．

[　　]

A．improve the health of population in his country

B．improve the health of population all over the world

C．avoid leaving his children too much money

D．spare the American government the burden of health care

2．Bill Gates believes that one important way of developing poor countries is ________．

[　　]

A．to set up more foundations for them

B．to aid them with natural resources

C．to put more effort into the health issues in them

D．to help them take a more global view

3．It can be learned from the text that Bill Gates thinks ________．

[　　]

A．Americans should care about people in other countries

B．Americans should treat fellow citizens well

C．Americans should devote themselves to certain projects

D．Americans can be world-famous by giving away vast fortune

4．Bill Gates gave away his vast fortune earlier than he had expected because of________．

[　　]

A．his weakening health condition

B．his parents' suggestions

C．his great success in business

D．his concerns for suffering people

　　Parents often believe that they have a good relationship with their teenagers (青少年)．But last summer, Joanna and Henry noticed a change in their older son: suddenly he seemed to be talking far more to his friends than to his parents．The door to his room is always shut．Joanns noted．

　　Tina and Mark noticed similar changes in their 14-year-old daughter．She used to cuddle up (蜷伏) with me on the sofa and talk, said Mark．Now we joke that she does this only when she wants something．Sometimes she wants to be treated like a little girl and sometimes like a young lady．The problem is figuring out which time is which．

　　“Before age 11, children like to tell their parents what's on their minds．In fact, parents are first on the list,” said Michael Riera, author of Uncommon Sense for Parents with Teenagers．“This completely changes during the teen years,” Riera explained．“They talk to their friends first, then maybe their teachers, and their parents last．”

　　Parents who know what's going on in their teenagers' lives are in the best position to help them．To break down the wall of silence, parents should create chances to understand what their children want to say, and try to find ways to talk and write to them．And they must give their children a mental break, for children also need freedom, though young．Another thing parents should remember is that to be a friend, not a manager, with their children is a better way to know them．

1．The door to his room is always shut suggests that the son ________．

[　　]

A．is always busy with his studies

B．doesn't want to be disturbed

C．keeps himself away from his parents

D．begins to dislike his parents

2．What troubles Tina and Mark most is that________．

[　　]

A．their daughter isn't as lovely as before

B．they can't read their daughter's mind exactly

C．they don't know what to say to their daughter

D．their daughter talks with them only when she needs help

3．Which of the following best explains the wall of silence in the last paragraph?

[　　]

A．Teenagers talk a lot with their friends．

B．Teenagers do not want to understand their parents．

C．Teenagers do not talk much with their parents．

D．Teenagers talk little about their own lives．

4．What can be learned from the passage?

[　　]

A．Parents are unhappy with their growing children．

B．Parents have suitable ways to talk with their teenagers．

C．Parents should be patient with their silent teenagers．

D．Parents should try to understand their teenagers．

　　Sport not only is physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging．Criticism (批评) from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive (过渡的) amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes．Stress (紧张) can be physical, emotional (情感的), or psychological (心理的), and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout．Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable．

　　The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself．The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place．Young athletes can, for example, learn how to work together with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives．Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children．Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves．

　　Coaches and parents, should also be careful that youth sport participation (参与) doesn't become the work for children．The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons．In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport．Following a game, many parents and coaches direct their attention on the outcome and find fault with young people's performances．Research indicates that positive (主动的) reinforcement (加强) motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism．Again criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout．

1．An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ________．

[　　]

A．to reduce their mental stress

B．to increase their sense of stress

C．to make sports less competitive

D．to make sports more challenging

2．According to the passage, sport is positive for young people in that________．

[　　]

A．it can create high levels of stress

B．it enables them to find flaws in themselves

C．it can provide them with valuable experiences

D．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves

3．According to the passage parents and coaches should ________．

[　　]

A．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports

B．help children to win every game

C．train children to deal with stress

D．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports

4．The author's purpose in writing the passage is to________．

[　　]

A．teach young athletes how to avoid burnout

B．persuade young children not to worry about criticism

C．stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children

D．discuss the skill of mixing criticism with encouragement

　　One would have to be a fool to overlook the importance of using positive thinking for you rather than allowing negative thinking to work against you．In recent years, research in psychopharmacology (精神药理学)．has proved what many people have known over the centuries: a positive (积级的) attitude is good for you, good for your health, good for your wealth, good for everything．Researchers found that a positive attitude produces a specific chemical reaction which makes people feel better, while negative thinking results in a decline of hormone (荷尔蒙) and shuts down the immune (免疫的) system．This leads to illness and depression．Positive thoughts will make you feel better．Even if you must begin by literally forcing yourself to be positive (faking it, so to speak), it will become contagious (会传播的) and the positive thoughts will generate nice little chemicals and good feelings which will reinforce the positive thoughts．

　　For example, if you force yourself to smile or laugh, even when you don't feel like smiling or laughing, if you keep at it for a few minutes, you will soon feel like it．Feelings can generate thoughts, but thoughts can also generate feelings．Control your thoughts and you can control your feelings．Positive thinking is important in all aspects of our lives．There is probably no single factor more important in determining your success in achieving your career objectives than your own attitude．

　　It's often been said that in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king．And in the office of militant (好战) negativism, the positive workers shine like gold．You cannot control external events, but you can learn to control your reaction to those events and thereby have a positive attitude and be happy．This vital key to success is totally within your control．Use it．

1．We can infer from the passage that________．

[　　]

A．positive thinking can cure you of your diseases

B．positive thinking can easily be generated by anyone

C．a decline of hormone may cause you to be depressed

D．a specific chemical reaction is the cause of negative thinking

2．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

[　　]

A．Feelings and thoughts can generate each other．

B．It's easier to control thoughts than to control feelings．

C．Your success depends wholly on your attitude．

D．Keeping smiling will surely make you successful．

3．Just like a one-eyed man in the land of the blind, you should________．

[　　]

A．take positive attitude in the office of militant negativism

B．be king in your office

C．pay no attention to what is going on around you

D．control your feeling to what is happening to you

4．The best title of the passage is________．

[　　]

A．Thinking Benefits People

B．Why People Think

C．Positive Thinking and Negative Thinking

D．Thinking: The Vital Way

　　Have you ever had the strange feeling that you were being watched? You turned around and, sure enough, someone was looking right at you!

　　Parapsychologists (灵学家) say that humans have a natural ability to sense when someone is looking at them．To research whether such a “sixth sense” really exists, Robert Baker, a psychologist at the University of Kentucky, performed two experiments．

　　In the first one, Baker sat behind unknowing people in public places and stared at the backs of their heads for 5 to 15 minutes．The subjects (受试者) were eating, drinking, reading, studying, watching TV, or working at a computer．Baker made sure that the people could not tell that he was sitting behind them during those periods．Later, when he questioned the subjects, almost all of them said they had no sense that someone was staring at them．

　　For the second experiment, Baker told the subjects that they would be stared at from time to time from behind a two-way mirror in a laboratory setting．The people had to write down when they felt they were being stared at and when they weren't．Baker found that the subjects were no better at telling when they were stared at and when they weren't than if they had just guessed．

　　Baker concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when they're being stared at．If people doubt the outcome of his two experiments, said Baker, I suggest they repeat the experiments and see for themselves．

1．The purpose of the two experiments is to________．

[　　]

A．explain when people can have a sixth sense

B．show how people act while being watched in the lab

C．study whether humans can sense when they are stared at

D．prove why humans have a sixth sense

2．In the first experiment, the subjects ________．

[　　]

A．were not told that they would be stared at

B．lost their sense when they were stared at

C．were not sure when they would be stared at

D．were uncomfortable when they were stared at

3．The underlined word outcome in the last paragraph most probably means________．

[　　]

4．What can be learned from the passage?

[　　]

A．People are born with a sixth sense．

B．The experiments support parapsychologists' idea．

C．The subjects do not have a sixth sense in the experiments．

D．People have a sixth sense in public places．

　　Personal computers and the Internet give people new choices about how to spend their time．

　　Some may use this freedom to share less time with certain friends or family members, but new technology will also let them stay in closer touch with those they care most about．I know this from personal experience．

　　Email makes it easy to work at home, which is where I now spend most weekends and evenings．My working hours aren't necessarily much shorter than they once were but I spend fewer of them at the office．This lets me share more time with my young daughter than I might have if she'd been born before electronic mail became such a practical tool．

　　The Internet also makes it easy to share thoughts with a group of friends．Say you do something fun, see a great movie perhaps and there are four or five friends who might want to hear about it．If you call each one, you may tire of telling the story．

　　With Email, you just write one note about your experience, at your convenience, and address it to all the friends who you think might be interested in．They can read your message when they have time, and read only as much as they want to．They can reply at their convenience, and you can read what they have to say at your convenience．

　　Email is also an inexpensive way to stay in close touch with people who live far away．More than a few parents use Email to keep in touch, even daily touch, with their children off at college．

　　We just have to keep in mind that computers and the Internet offer another way of staying in touch．They don't take the place of any of the old ways．

1．The purpose of this passage is to________．

[　　]

A．explain how to use the Internet

B．describe the writer's joy of keeping up with the latest technology

C．tell the merits (优点) and usefulness of the Internet

D．introduce the reader to basic knowledge about personal computers and the Internet

2．The use of Email has made it possible for the writer to ________．

[　　]

A．spend less time working

B．have more free time with his child

C．work at home on weekends

D．work at a speed comfortable to him

3．According to the writer, Email has an obvious advantage over the telephone in that the former helps one ________．

[　　]

A．reach a group of people at one time conveniently

B．keep one's communication as personal as possible

C．pass on much more information than the latter

D．get in touch with one's friends faster than the latter

4．The best title for this passage is________．

[　　]

A．Computer New Technological Advances

B．Internet New Tool to Maintain Good Friendship

C．Computers Have Made Life Easier

D．Internet a Convenient Tool for Communication

　　Sure, it's good to get along with your teacher because it makes the time you spend in the classroom more pleasant．

　　And yes, it's good to get along with your teacher because, in general, it's smart to learn how to relate to the different types of people you'll meet throughout your life．

　　But really, there's one super-important reason why you should get along with your teacher．When you do, learning bursts right open, says Evelyn Vuko, a longtime teacher who writes an education column called Teacher Says for the Washington Post newspaper．

　　In fact, kids who get along with their teachers not only learn more, but they're more comfortable asking questions and getting extra help．This makes it easier to understand new material and do your best on tests．When you have this kind of relationship with a teacher, he or she can be someone to turn to with problems, such as problems with learning or school issues, such as bullying (欺凌弱小者)．

　　As a kid in a primary or middle school, you're at a wonderful stage in your life．You're like a sponge (海绵), able to soak up lots of new and exciting information．On top of that, you're able to think about all this information in new ways．Your teacher knows that, and in most cases, is very excited to be the person who's giving you all that material and helping you put it together．Remember, teachers are people, too, and they feel great if you're open to what they're teaching you．That's why they wanted to be teachers in the first place to teach!

　　Some kids may be able to learn in any situation, whether they like the teacher or not．But most kids are sensitive to the way they get along with the teacher, and if things aren't going well, they won't learn as well and won't enjoy being in class．

1．In the passage, the author mainly talks about________．

[　　]

A．how to get along well with teachers

B．the importance of a good relation with teachers

C．how much the students are expected to get along with teachers

D．how to make the time in the classroom more pleasant

2．“Learning bursts right open” in the third paragraph really means________．

[　　]

A．learning becomes easier for you at once

B．you find an opening to learning

C．there'll be more problems with learning

D．there'll be no problems with learning

3．According to the passage, which of the following offers the best reasoning?

[　　]

A．You are getting on well with your teachers, so you have more questions than others．

B．You find it comfortable to ask questions, so you can build a good relationship with teachers．

C．You have a good relationship with your teacher, so you can turn to him/her when in trouble．

D．You are in trouble, so you can build a good relationship with teachers．

4．Which of the comments is FALSE on teachers and their work according to the passage?

[　　]

A．Teachers are excited even if you wouldn't like to accept their teaching．

B．Teachers sometimes have the same feelings as students do．

C．Though few there are still some students who can learn even if they don't like the teacher．

D．Having a bad relationship with your teachers does more or less harm to your studies．

　　Early one morning, more than a hundred years ago, an American inventor called Elias Howe finally fell asleep．He had been working all night on the design of a sewing machine but he had run into a very difficult problem: It seemed impossible to get the thread to run smoothly around the needle．

　　Though he was tired, Howe slept badly．He turned and turned．Then he had a dream．He dreamt that he had been caught by terrible savages whose king wanted to kill him and eat him unless he could build a perfect sewing machine．When he tried to do so, Howe ran into the same problem as before．The thread kept getting caught around the needle．The king flew into the rage and ordered his soldiers to kill Howe．They came up towards him with their spears raised．But suddenly the inventor noticed something．There was a hole in the tip of each spear．The inventor awoke from the dream, realizing that he had just found the answer to the problem．Instead of trying to get the thread to run around the needle, he should make it run through a small hole in the center of the needle．This was the simple idea that finally made Howe design and build the first really practised sewing machine．

　　Elias Howes was not the only one in finding the answer to his problem in this way．

　　Thomas Edison, the inventor of the electric light, said his best ideas came into him in dreams．So did the great physicist Albert Einstein．Charlotte Bronte also drew on her dreams in writing Jane Eyre．

　　To know the value of dreams, you have to understand what happens when you are asleep．Even then, a part of your mind is still working．This unconscious(无意识的), but still active part understands your experiences and goes to work on the problems you have had during the day．It stores all sorts of information that you may have forgotten or never have really noticed．It is only when you fall asleep that this part of the brain can send messages to the part you use when you are awake．However, the unconscious part acts in a special way．It uses strange images which the conscious part may not understand at first．This is why dreams are sometimes called “secret messages to ourselves”．

1．According to the passage, Elias Howe was ________．

[　　]

A．the first person who solved problems in his sleep

B．much more hard-working than other inventors

C．the first person to design a sewing machine that really worked

D．the only person at the time who knew the value of dreams

2．The problem Howe was trying to solve was________．

[　　]

A．what kind of thread to use

B．how to design a needle which would not break

C．where to put the needle

D．how to prevent the thread from getting caught around the needle

3．Thomas Edison is spoken of because________．

[　　]

A．he also tried to invent a sewing machine

B．he got some of his ideas from dreams

C．he was one of Howe's best friends

D．he also had difficulty in falling asleep

4．Dreams are sometimes called “secret messages to ourselves”, because________．

[　　]

A．strange images are used to communicate ideas

B．images which have no meaning are used

C．we can never understand the real meaning

D．only specially trained people can understand them

　　People used to say, “The hand that rocks the cradle (摇篮) rules the world” and “Behind every successful man there's a woman．” Both of these sayings mean the same thing．Men rule the world, but their wives rule them．Most of the American women like making their husbands and sons successful, but some of them want more for themselves．They want good jobs．When they work, they want to be better paid．They want to be as successful as men．

　　The American women's liberation movement was started by women who don't want to stand behind successful men．They want to stand beside men, with the same chance for success．They don't want to be told that certain jobs or offices are closed to them．They refuse to work side by side with men who do the same work for a higher pay．

　　A liberated woman must be proud of being a woman and believe in herself．If somebody says to her, “You've come a long way, baby．” She'll smile and answer, “Not nearly as far as I'm going to go, baby!”

The movement is quite new, and many American women do not agree．But it has already made some important changes in women's lives in men's lives, too．

1．The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world here means ________．

[　　]

A．the world is now ruled over by women

B．women play an important role in men's lives and work

C．a man can't succeed without a woman in his office

D．a woman used to rule her husband

2．American women wish to ________．

[　　]

A．have the same chance for success as men

B．get better jobs than the men working together

C．earn more money than their husbands

D．devote more to their work than to their family

3．A liberated woman must________．

[　　]

A．take pride in her husband's success

B．be fond of and devote herself to her children

C．be proud of being a woman and trust herself

D．stand before or beside her husband

4．“You've come a long way, baby” here probably means ________．

[　　]

A．you've come quite a long way to see your baby

B．your home is far from where you work

C．there is still a long way for you to go

D．you've achieved great success in freeing yourself

　　To protect you and your fellow passengers, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is required by law to inspect all checked baggage．As part of this process, some bags are opened and inspected．Your bag was among those selected for inspection．

　　During the inspection, your bag and its contents may have been searched for items forbidden by law such as fireworks, fuels, gun powder, etc．At the completion of the inspection, the contents were returned to your bag, which was resealed (重新封口) with a special lock．

　　If the TSA screener was unable to open your bag for inspection because it was locked, the screener may have been forced to break the locks on your bag．TSA sincerely regrets having to do this, and has taken care to reseal your bag upon completion of inspection．However, TSA is not liable for damage to your locks resulting from this necessary security precaution (预防措施)．

　　For packing tips and other suggestions that may assist you during your next trip, visit:

　　WWW．TSATravelTips．us

　　We appreciate your understanding and cooperation．If you have questions, comments, or concerns, please feel free to contact the Transportation Security Administration Consumer Response Center:

　　Phone: toll-free at (866) 289-9673

　　Email: TellTSA@tas．dot．gov

1．This leaflet (宣传单) is trying to________．

[　　]

A．introduce one of the security acts

B．persuade people to contact TSA

C．inform people of baggage inspection

D．warn against the damage of locking the baggage

2．During the inspection, TSA can do all the following EXCEPT ________．

[　　]

A．breaking the locks on the bag

B．searching the contents of the bag for forbidden items

C．resealing the bag with a “special” lock

D．offering packing tips and other suggestions

3．What does “liable” mean in this passage?

[　　]

4．Which of the following items is probably allowed in the checked baggage?

[　　]