阅读理解

　　Some “doctors” use magic; others use needles and others use pills. Who are they? Among the Indians of North America the medicine man was a very important person. He could cure illnesses, and he could speak to the spirits(神灵)—the supernatural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that bad spirits made people ill. So, when people were ill, the medicine man tried to help them by using magic; he spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured because they thought that the spirits were helping them. But really these people cured themselves. Sometimes your own mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine men were often successful for another reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illnesses. A lot of modern medicines are made from plants that were used by medicine men hundreds of years ago. For more than five thousand years Chinese doctors have used needles to fight illness. This kind of medicine is called acupuncture(针灸). The doctor studies the sick person carefully. Then he puts needles into that person's body at the right places for his illness. Chinese doctors believe that they can control the body's natural forces in this way. At first, doctors in the west thought that this was just another kind of magic. Recently, however, they have found out that it is possible to cure many illnesses like this because the needles help the body to produce its own medicines. In this way the body cures itself.

1．If one is ill, it is important for him to ________.

[　　]

2．According to this passage modern medicines have nothing to do with ________.

[　　]

3．Acupuncture, in fact, is ________.

[　　]

A．the only way to cure many dangerous illnesses

B．used to cure all kinds of illnesses

C．effective to many illnesses

D．popular among the western people

阅读理解

　　I used to dream about Pisa when I was a boy. I read about the famous building called the Leaning Tower of Pisa. But when I read the word Pisa, I was thinking of pizza. I thought this tower was a place to buy pizza. It must be the best pizza in the world, I thought. Many years later I finally saw the Leaning Tower. I knew then that it was Pisa end not pizza. But there was still something special about it for me. The tower got its name because it really does lean to one side. Some people want to try to fix it. They are afraid it may fall over and they do rat like the way it looks. I do not think it's a good idea to try to fix it. The tower probably will not fall down. It is 600 years old. Why should anything happen now? And, if you ask me, I like the way it looks. I like the way it leans over the city. To me it is a very human kind of leaning. Nothing is perfect, it seems to say. And who cares? Why do people want things to be perfect? Imperfect things may be more interesting. Let's take the tower in Pisa. Why is it so famous? There are many other older, more beautiful towers in Italy. But Pisa Tower is the most famous. People come from all over the world to see it.

1．This passage is about ________.

[　　]

A．Italian pizza

B．Italy's problems

C．how the Leaning Tower of Pisa got its name

D．why the author likes Pisa

2．The writer ________.

[　　]

A．doesn't like the way the tower looks

B．likes the way the tower looks

C．thinks it's the most beautiful tower in Italy

D．doesn't like towers

3．The writer likes the Leaning Tower of Pisa because ________.

[　　]

阅读理解

　　Most musicians agree that the best violins were first made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago. These violins sound better than any others. They even sound better than violins made today. Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments (乐器) like the Italian violins. But they aren't the same. Musicians still prefer the old ones. Some people think it is the age of the violins. But not all old violins sound wonderful. Only the old violins from Cremona are special. So age cannot be the answer. Other people think the secret to those violins is the wood. The wood must be from certain kinds of trees. But the kind of wood may rat be so important. It may be more important to cut the wood in a special way. Wood for a violin must be cut very carefully. It has to be the right size and shape. The smallest difference will change the sound of the violin. Musicians sometimes think that this was the secret of the Italians. Maybe they understood more than we do about how to cut the wood. Size and shape may not be the answer either. Scientists can make new ones that are exactly the same size and shape. But the new violins still do not sound as good as the old ones. Some scientists think the secret may be the varnish. Varnish is what covers the wood of the violin. It makes the wood look shiny. It also helps the sound of the instrument. But no one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish.

1．The passage is about ________.

[　　]

2．Some people think that modem violins ________.

[　　]

A．will sound better in the future

B．will sound worse in the future

C．sound wonderful

D．sound poor

3．Other people think the Italian violin makers ________.

[　　]

A．did not know much about violins

B．were lucky

C．used many kinds of wood

D．knew something special

4．Violins made today ________.

[　　]

A．have the same size and shape as the old ones

B．sound the same as the old one

C．are better than the old ones

D．have the same varnish as the old ones

阅读理解

　　There are three separate sources of danger in supplying energy by nuclear power (原子能).

　　First, the radioactive material must travel from its place of production to the power station. Although the power stations them-selves are strongly built, the containers used for the transport of the materials are not. Normally, only two methods of transport are in use, namely road or rail, Unfortunately, both of these may have an effect on the general public, since they are sure to pass near, or even through, heavily populated areas.

　　Second, there is the problem of waste. All nuclear power stations produce wastes that in most cases will remain radioactive for thousands of years. It is impossible to make these wastes nonradioactive, and so they must be stored in one of the inconvenient ways that scientists have invented. For example, they may be buried under the ground, or dropped into deserted mines, or sunk in the sea. However, these methods do not solve the problem, since an earthquake could easily break the containers.

　　Third, there may occur the danger of a leak (泄漏) or an explosion at the power station. As with the other two dangers, this is not very likely, so it does rat provide a serious objection to the nuclear program. However, it can happen.

　　Separately, these three types of dangers are not a great cause for worry. Taken together, though, the probability of disaster (灾难) is extremely high.

1．Which of the following is FALSE?.

[　　]

A．It is possible that a leak or an explosion occurs at a power station.

B．It is unusual for radioactive materials to be transported across land.

C．The containers are likely to be broken by an earthquake.

D．Nuclear wastes remain dangerous in most cases for many years.

2．What do we learn from the last paragraph?

[　　]

A．The power station is a safe place.

B．The dangers of nuclear energy can be prevented.

C．The general public are strongly against the nuclear program.

D．By itself, none of the three dangers is very likely to cause much worry.

3．What is this passage about?

[　　]

A．Uses of nuclear power.

B．Dangers from nuclear power.

C．Public anger at nuclear power

D．Accidents caused by nuclear power.

阅读理解

　　“It hurts me more than you”, and “This is for your own good”—these are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework.

　　That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school. The schools and the educators made it easy for us. They taught that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation.

　　Now teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing we've made a terrible mistake. One such teacher is Sharon Klompus who says of her students棥—so passive”—and wonders what has happened. Nothing is demanded of them, she believes. Television, says Klompus, contributes to children's passivity. “We're talking about a generation of kids who've never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do it for them, in-stead of saying ‘go and look it up’, you tell them the answer. It takes greater energy to say no to a kid. ”

　　Yes, it does. It takes energy and it takes work. It's time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work. It's time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but it's for their own good. It's time to start telling them no again,

1．Children are becoming more inactive in study because ________.

[　　]

A．they watch TV too often

B．they have done too much homework

C．they have to fulfill too many duties

D．teachers are too strict with them

2．We learn from the passage that the author's mother used to lay emphasis on ________.

[　　]

A．learning Latin

B．discipline

C．natural development

D．education at school

3．By “permissive period in education” (L. 1, Para. 2) the author means a time ________.

[　　]

A．when children are allowed to do what they wish to

B．when everything can be taught at school

C．when every child can be educated

D．when children are permitted to receive education

4．The main idea of the passage is that ________.

[　　]

A．parents should leave their children alone

B．kids should have more activities at school

C．it's time to be more strict with our kids

D．parents should always set a good example to their kids

阅读理解

　　I needed to get some money, so after Christmas, I took a job in the clothes department at Graham's for the first fortnight of the January sale. I can't say that I enjoyed it, but it was an experience I'll never forget.

　　I could never understand why there were so many things in the sales; where did they all come from? Now I know the secret! Firstly, there is the special winter stock (货物) and the stock that people buy all the year round; sane of these things are slightly reduced. Secondly, there are the summer clothes they couldn't sell last year; these are heavily reduced to clear them. Thirdly, there are cheap clothes bought in specially for the sales; these are put out at high prices ten days before the sale begins and then are reduced by 60% in the sale. Clever! Lastly, they buy in “seconds” (clothes not in perfect condition) for the sale and they are sold very cheaply.

　　When I arrived half an hour before opening on the first day of the sale, there was already a queue around three sides of the building. This made me very nervous.

　　When the big moment arrived to open the doors, the security guards, looking least confident than usual, came up to them, keys in hand. The moment they had unlocked the doors, they hid behind the doors for protection as the noisy crowd charged in. I couldn't believe my eyes; this wasn't shopping, it was a battlefield! One poor lady couldn't keep her feet end was knocked over by people pushing from behind.

　　Clothes were flying in all directions as people searched for the sixes, colours and styles they wanted. Quarrels broke out. Mothers were using their small children to crawl (爬行) through people's legs and get hold of things they couldn't get near themselves.

　　Within minutes I had half a dozen people pushing clothes under my nose, each wanting to be the first served. Where had the famous English Queue gone? The whole day continued like that , but I kept my temper (脾气) ! I was taking money hand over fist and began to realize why, twice a year, Graham's were happy to turn their expensive store into a battlefield like this.

　　In the sale fever, people were spending money like water without thinking whether they needed what they were buying. As long as it was a bargain it was OK.

　　You won't believe this but as soon as I got home I crashed out for four hours. Then I had dinner and went back to bed, fearing the sound of the alarm which would tell me to get ready for the second day of the sale.

1．What kind of clothes is likely to be sold 5% cheaper?

[　　]

A．Last summer's clothes.

B．Clothes not in perfect condition.

C．Clothes bought in specially for the sales.

D．Clothes for winter.

2．Which of the following statements is true?

[　　]

A．The customers gave up the queuing, for which the English are famous.

B．The customers kept their temper while looking for clothes they wanted.

C．Small children enjoyed crawling through people's legs.

D．The security guards were fearless of the crowd.

3．In the author's opinion, why were Graham's happy to make their expensive store into a “battlefield”?

[　　]

A．There were too many clothes and they wanted to clear them in the sales.

B．They were eager to show that they were clever at doing business.

C．They could take the chance to raise the prices of all their clothes.

D．They wanted to make more money by having sales.

4．The expression “crashed out” means ________.

[　　]

A．chatted with her friends

B．slept soundly

C．broke down

D．dined out

5．What would be the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．The Best Bargain.

B．Hunting For a Job.

C．Sale Fever.

D．A Pleasant Fortnight.

阅读理解

　　Decision-thinking is not unlike poker—it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. The mental process is similar. Naturally, this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are, by any standard, good thinkers.

　　The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory. In particular, he showed that all games fall into two classes: there are what he called games of `perfect information', games like chess where the players can't hide anything or play tricks: they don't win by chance, but by means of logic and skills. Then there are of `imperfect information', like poker, in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another.

　　One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse. Business, politics, life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors which would even puzzle best poker players. But few business people find it comfortable to admit that They are taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess, not poker.

1．An important factor in a game of imperfect information is ________.

[　　]

2．Which of the following can be used in place of “Quite the reverse” ?

[　　]

A．Quite right.

B．True enough.

C．Most unlikely.

D．Just the opposite.

3．In the writer's opinion, when making business decisions one should ________.

[　　]

A．put perfect information before imperfect information

B．accept the existence of unknown factors

C．regard business as a game of chess

D．mix known and unknown factors

阅读理解

　　A person, like a commodity(商品), needs packaging. But going too far is absolutely undesirable. A little exaggeration, however, does no harm when it shows the person's unique qualities to their advantages. To show personal attractiveness in a casual and natural way, it is important for one to have a clear knowledge of oneself. A skilled packager knows how to add art to nature without any signs of embellishment(装饰), so that the person so packaged is not a commodity but a human being, lively and lovely.

　　A young person, especially a female, shining with beauty and full of life, has all the favor granted by God. Any attempt to make up would be self-defeating. Youth, however, comes and goes in a flash. Packaging for the middle-aged is primarily to hide the marks made by years. If you still enjoy life enough to keep self-confidence and work at pioneering work, you are unique in your natural qualities, and your attractiveness and grace will remain. Elderly people are beautiful if their river of life has been, through plains, mountains and jungles, running its course as it should. You have really lived your life, which now arrives at a self-satisfied stage of quietness and calmness with no interest in fame or wealth. There is no need to make use of hair dyeing. The snow-capped mountain is itself a beautiful scene of fairyland. Let your looks change from young to old in step with the natural ageing process so as to keep in harmony(和谐) with nature, for harmony itself is beauty, while the other way round will only end in unpleasantness. To be in the elder's company is like reading a thick book of deluxe( better quality) edition that attracts one so much as to be unwilling to part with.

　　As long as one finds where one stands, one knows how to package oneself, just as a commodity sets up its brand by the right packaging.

1．It can be concluded from the text that ________.

[　　]

A．people should be packed at all ages

B．people should be packed in a special way

C．elderly people also care about packing

D．proper packing makes people attractive

2．According to the author, if you want to keep in harmony with nature, you should ________.

[　　]

A．dye your hair

B．make up at a young age

C．follow the ageing process

D．give up fame and wealth

3．For the middle-aged, attractiveness ________.

[　　]

A．hardly exists

B．is the strongest

C．comes from the inside

D．comes from the appearance

4．The underlined sentence means that elderly people ________.

[　　]

A．are usually packed like a finely-made book

B．experience a lot and have rich knowledge of life

C．do a lot of traveling and can give you much information

D．enjoy reading thick books of beautiful nature and fairyland

阅读理解

　　Welcome to our introductory course on nutrition (营养学). This first lecture will center on a very valuable member of the bean family, the soy bean. The soy bean is a highly nutritious bean which can also serve as a meat substitute(替代物). Some people call soy beans unthinkable. Let me give you some examples of why the soy bean is so special. First of all, when it is made into meal, it improves animal feed. Secondly, as soy flour it similarly enriches the baked goods we humans eat. Thirdly, as soy chips or flakes, it's often included in cereals. And lastly, in some countries, for example, China, the soy bean is made into really all fresh milk consumed there. It is also the basic part of vegetable protein which brings a meat-like taste and feel to vegetarian dishes. For many years soy beans were thought of in the United States only as a commercial agricultural crop. Now, however, the soy bean is being raised in backyard gardens. It's easy to grow and, as I have pointed out before, beneficial in many ways.

1．The main ides of the passage is that ________.

[　　]

A．the soy bean is the basic pert of vegetable protein

B．the soy bean is easy to grow

C．soy beans are delicious

D．soy beans have many uses

2．The lecture is most probably given by ________.

[　　]

A．an English language teacher

B．a food producer

C．a nutrition professor

D．an American farmer

3．What is one important character of the soy bean?

[　　]

A．It is a meat substitute.

B．It is often used for backyard gardens.

C．It is a complete milk substitute.

D．It is easily made into flour at home.

阅读理解

　　The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is plagues(疫病)that flesh receives.

　　The most widespread fallacy(谬误)of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses(病毒) passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.

　　During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches(战壕), cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds.

　　In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp(奥斯维辛集中营), naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.

　　At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.

　　If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most pains -taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.

　　No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片)such as aspirin, but all they do is to relieve the symptoms(症状).

1．The writer offered ________ examples to support his argument.

[　　]

2．Which of the following does not agree with the chosen passage ________.

[　　]

A．The Eskimos do not suffer from colds all the time.

B．Colds are not caused by cold.

C．People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.

D．A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one.

3．Arctic explorers may catch colds when ________.

[　　]

A．they are working in the isolated arctic regions

B．they are writing reports in terribly cold weather

C．they are free from work in the isolated arctic regions

D．they are coming into touch again with the outside world

4．Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research Unit ________.

[　　]

A．suffered a lot

B．never caught colds

C．often caught colds

D．became very strong

5．The passage mainly discusses ________.

[　　]

A．the experiments on the common cold

B．the fallacy about the common cold

C．the reason and the way people catch colds

D．the continued spread of common colds