阅读理解

　　African women who carry heavy loads on their .heads use much less energy per pound of load than soldiers who carry the same weight on their backs. In fact , according to a team of Kenyan, Italian and U. S. researchers, these women can carry up to 20 percent of their body weight without costing any extra energy. Carrying a 70-percent load, the women raised their energy consumption (消耗) only about 50 percent while nearly 100 percent for soldiers.

　　The scientists said they could not explain the finding for certain. One speculation (推测) is that head-supported loads are moved less up-and-down or side-to-side with each step than back-or-shoulder supported loads. But experience also seems to be a factor (因素) , since people who are not used to head carrying use as much energy that way as they do hack-carrying.

1．What's the main idea of the passage?

[　　]

A．African women carry the heaviest loads in the world.

B．Head-supported loads costs less energy.

C．The best way of carrying loads.

D．Use your heads.

2．According to the passage, if an American woman carries a load of her body weight , how much energy consumption will she raise?

[　　]

A．20 percent.

B．50 percent.

C．80 percent.

D．100 percent.

3．We can draw a conclusion from the passage that ________.

[　　]

A．African men also carry things on their heads

B．African women began to practise carrying things on their heads from young

C．Any one who carries loads on his head will save some energy

D．If a load is fixed on one's back, he can save 20 percent of his energy

4．Which of the following is true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．An African woman can carry more loads than a soldier.

B．There is no exact explanation about the matter up to now.

C．The team of research group is made up of some Italian and U. S. scientists and also some Kenyan women.

D．We should form the habit of carrying thing on our heads.

阅读理解

　　Arabs consider it extremely bad manners to start talking business immediately. Even the busiest government official always takes extra time to be polite and offer refreshments (茶点). No matter how busy you are, you should make time for this.

　　The conference visit is a way of doing business throughout the Arab world. Frequently, you will have to discuss your business in the presence of strangers, who may or may not have anything to do with your business. Do not be surprised if your meeting is interrupted several times by people who come into the room unannounced, whisper, or speak softly to the person with whom you are talking, and leave. Act as though you do not hear, and never show displeasure at being interrupted.

　　Making decisions quickly is not an Arab custom. Their a vagueness in doing business in the Middle East will puzzle a newcomer. Give yourself lots of time and ask lots of questions.

　　When an Arab says yes, he may mean “maybe”. When he says maybe, he probably means “no”. You will seldom get a direct “no” from an Arab because it is considered impolite. Instead of “no” he will say “inshallan, ” which means, “if God is willing”. On the other hand, “yes” does not necessarily mean “yes”. A smile and a slow nod might seem like an agreement, but in fact, your host is being polite. An Arab considers it impolite to disagree with a guest.

1．The main purpose of this article is to explain ________.

[　　]

A．why you need extra time when you visit Arab countries

B．how to be polite when doing business in the Arab world

C．why Arab officials are so busy

D．what Arabs say when doing business

2．According to the article, which of the following would be considered polite?

[　　]

A．You leave angrily because of interruptions.

B．You demand an immediate decision.

C．You refuse a cup of tea and show pictures of your product right away.

D．You look out of the window while a stranger comes in to speak with your host.

3．From this article we know that ________.

[　　]

A．when an Arab wants to say yes, he often says “maybe”

B．an Arab seldom disagrees with a guest to his face

C．when an Arab agrees, a smile and a slow nod will be given

D．“inshallan” is an English word

4．Which of the following is NOT an Arab custom?

[　　]

A．Disliking being interrupted during their meeting.

B．Often giving you a vague answer.

C．Seldom saying “no” directly.

D．Seldom hesitating to start discussing business in the presence of strangers.

阅读理解

　　Robert Spring, a 19th century forger (伪造者), was so good at his profession that he was able to make his living for 15 years by selling false signatures of famous Americans. Spring was born in England in 1813 and arrived in Philadelphia in 1858 to open a bookstore. At first he succeeded in selling his small but genuine collection of early U. S. signatures. Discovering his ability at copying handwriting, he began imitating signatures of George Washington and Benjamin Franklin and writing them on the title pages of old books. To lessen the chance of being discovered, he sent his forgeries to England for sale.

　　Forgers have a hard time selling their products. A forger can't come near a respectable buyer but must deal with people who don't have much knowledge in the field. Forgers have many ways to make their works look real. For example, they buy old books to use the ages paper of the title page, and they can treat paper and ink with chemicals.

　　In Spring's time, right after the Civil War, Britain was still fond of the southern states, so Spring in vented a respectable maiden, lady known as Miss Fanny Jackson, the only daughter of “General Stonewall Jackson”. For several years Miss Fanny sold a great number of letters and manuscripts (手稿）belonging to her famous “father”. Spring had to work very hard to satisfy the demand. All this activity did not prevent Spring from dying in poverty, leaving sharp-eyed experts the difficult task of separating his forgeries from the originals.

1．The underlined word “genuine” in the first paragraph most probably means ________.

[　　]

2．Why did Spring sell his false signatures in England?

[　　]

A．There was a greater demand there than in America.

B．It was much safer there.

C．It was Spring birthplace.

D．The prices were higher in England.

3．Spring spent 15 years ________.

[　　]

A．running a bookstore in Philadelphia

B．writing about Miss Fanny Jackson

C．selling false signatures of famous Americans

D．collecting the early U. S. signatures

4．Who was Miss Fanny Jackson?

[　　]

A．The daughter of Genaral Stonewall Jackson.

B．A little girl who sold her father's paper to Spring.

C．Robert Spring's daughter.

D．An imaginary person by Spring.

阅读理解

　　All the housewives who went to the new supermarket had one great ambition: to be the lucky customer who did not have to pay for her shopping. For this was what the notice just inside the entrance promised. It said: “Remember, once a week, one of our customers gets free goods. This may be your lucky day.”

　　For several weeks Mrs Emerson hoped, like many of her friends, to be the lucky customer. Unlike her friends, she never gave up hope. the cupboards(食厨) in her kitchen were full of things which she did not need. In vain(徒劳) her husband tried to dissuade(劝阻) her. She dreamed of the day when the manager of the supermarket would approach her and say, “Madam, this is your lucky day. Everything in your basket is free.”

　　One Friday morning, after she had finished her shopping and had taken it to her car she found that she forgot to buy any tea. She dashed back to the supermarket, got the tea, and went towards the cashdesk(收银台). As she did so, she saw the manager of the supermarket, approach her. “Madam, ”he said, holding out his hand, “I want to congratulate you. You are our lucky customer and everything you have in your basket is free.”

1．The housewives who went to the supermarket were ________.

[　　]

A．envious

B．fourtunate

C．hopeful

D．poor

2．Mr Emerson tried to ________.

[　　]

A．cheer his wife up

B．make his wife buy more things

C．make his wife unhappy

D．stop his wife from buying things

3．Mrs Emerson went shopping by ________.

[　　]

4．The manager held out his hand because he wanted to ________.

[　　]

阅读理解

　　Our surroundings(环境) are being polluted faster than nature and man's present efforts cannot prevent it. Time is bringing us more people, and more people will bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities, and the growing use of man made materials.

　　What can explain and solve this problem? The fact is that pollution is caused by man?－by his desire(欲望) for a modern way of life. We make “increasing” industrization our chief aim. So we are often ready to offer everything: clean air, pure water, good food, our health and the future of our children. There is a constant flow of people from the countryside into the cities, eager for the benefits of our modern society. But as our technological achievements have grown in the last twenty years, pollution has become a serious problem.

　　Isn't it the time we stopped to ask ourselves where we are going?And why? It makes one think of the story about the airline pilot who told this passengers over the loudspeaker, “I've some good news and some bad news. The good news is that we're making rapid progress at 530 miles per hour. The bad news is that we're lost and don't know where we're going.” The sad fact is that this becomes a true story when spoken of our modern society.

1．Man cannot prevent the world from being polluted because _________.

[　　]

A．the population of the world is increasing fast

B．people use too many man-made materials

C．we have more and more industry

D．we are producing more cars, trucks and buses.

2．People crowd into the cities for ________.

[　　]

A．they want very much to find well-paid jobs

B．they are anxious to enjoy the achievements of our society.

C．they have become tired of their homeland

D．they have a strong wish to become industrial workers

3．The story about the airline pilot tells us that ________.

[　　]

A．man knows where the society is going

B．people do not welcome the rapid development of modern society

C．man can do little about the problem of pollution

D．the speaker is worried about the future of our society

4．What does the writer really want to say in this passage?

[　　]

A．With the development of technology pollution has become a serious problem.

B．Lower the speed of development to stop pollution.

C．It's time we did something to reduce pollution.

D．As industry is growing fast, pollution is the natural result.

阅读理解

　　Men have traveled ever since they first appeared on the earth.

　　Long ago, they did not travel for pleasure but to find new places where their cattle could feed, or to keep away from their enemies, or to find more favourable climate(气候). They traveled on foot. Their journey were long, tiring, and often dangerous. They protected themselves with simple weapons, such as wooden sticks or stone clubs, and by lighting fires at night and, above all, by keeping together.

　　Very soon they discovered easier ways of traveling. They rode on the backs of their tame animals; they made boats out of tree trunks so as to travel across water.

　　Later they travelled, not for necessity, but for the job and excitement of seeing and experience new things. This is still the main reason why we travel today.

　　Travelling, of course, has now become a highly organized business. There are cars and splendid roads, express trains, huge ships and jet planes, all of which make travelling comfortable and safe.

1．It was ________ for men to travel in times long past.

[　　]

2．Which of the following most probably made men's journeys dangerous many, many years ago?

[　　]

A．They had to climb many mountains and cross many rivers.

B．They had to drive their enemies away from their new places.

C．There were no cars, no roads, no trains and no ships.

D．There were many wild animals on their way to new places.

3．It is learned from the passage that travelling exactly means ________.

[　　]

A．moving from place to place for living

B．wandering around for pleasure

C．going from one place to another or to several places

D．an organized club, which helps people make a journey to other places.

4．For what do most people travel today?

[　　]

A．They travel for pleasure.

B．They are eager to do business in some other places.

C．They are trying to discover some new things.

D．They want to experience feelings of an exciting riding or flight.

阅读理解

    People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of other things they need or want. Most of the money today is made of metal or paper. But people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells. Shells were not the only things used as money. In China, cloth and knives were used. In the Philippine Islands, rice was used as money for a long time. Elephant tusks, monkey tails, and salt were used as money in parts of Africa.

    Some animals were used as money too. The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the center. People strung them together and carried them from place to place. The first coins in England were made of tin(锡). Sweden and Russia used copper(铜) to make their money. Later countries began to make coins of gold and silver.

    Later the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. They began to use paper money. Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today.

1．People used different kinds of things as ________.

[　　]

2．Tin was first made as money in ________.

[　　]

A．China

B．Philippine Islands

C．England

D．Russia

3．The word “strung”in the passage probably means “________”.

[　　]

4．The best topic of the article is “________.”

[　　]

A．How Many kinds of Money Are There in the World

B．The History of Money

C．Money in Different Countries

D．The Use of Money

阅读理解

    Some scientists think that one day animals may be trained to do a number of simple jobs that are now done by human beings. They pointed out that at a circus (马戏团), for example, we may see elephants, monkeys, dogs and other animals doing quite skillful things. If you watch closely, you may notice that the trainer always gives the animals a lump(块) of sugar or a piece of fruit as a reward(报酬).

    In Russia, for example, pigeons, which are birds with good eyesight, are being used to watch out for faults in small steel balls that are being made in a factory. When the pigeon sees a ball which looks different from the other, it touches a steel plate with its beak(鸟嘴). This turns on a light to warn the people in the factory. At the same time a few seeds are given to the pigeon as a reward. It takes three or five weeks to train a pigeon to do this and one pigeon can check 3 000 to 4 000 balls an hour.

1．Which of these words is nearer in meaning to “trained” in the passage?

[　　]

2．The trainer gives an animal a piece of sugar or fruit ________.

[　　]

A．when the animal is hungry

B．to make the animal do something

C．after the animal have done the trick

D．before the animal is going to do the trick.

3．Pigeons are used to examine the small steel balls because ________.

[　　]

A．they are clever birds

C．they have beaks

B．they can see well

D．they can tell us the number

4．The pigeon touches the plate with its beak when ________.

[　　]

阅读理解

　　One afternoon when Chaplin was sitting together with his friends talking, a fly flew into the room and kept flying around the great actor's head. Chaplin waved his hands to drive it away, but the fly soon came back again. For once it even rested on his nose! The great actor got very angry. He took up a flyswatter and swung at it, but they got away in time. Then the offender(罪犯) stayed on the table before him. Chaplin lifted the swatter for the death blow(击) he was sure this time he would kill it. But after he looked at it carefully, Chaplin put down the swatter.

　　“Why didn't you kill it?” Asked one of his friends.

　　Chaplin shrugged his shoulders. “It wasn't the same fly, ”he said.

1．From this story we know Chaplin was ________.

[　　]

2．Chaplin took up a fly-swatter and swung at the fly because ________.

[　　]

A．the fly was very dirty

B．the fly was terrible

C．he didn't like the fly

D．the fly had been troubling him

3．Chaplin didn't kill the fly. His friends ________.

[　　]

4．“It wasn't the same fly” means ________.

[　　]

A．the fly was a good one

B．he was interested in the fly

C．the fly which Chaplin didn't kill was not the one which had rested on his nose

D．the fly which Chaplin killed was not the one which had rested on his nose

阅读理解

　　Almost every family in America or England buys at least one copy of a newspaper each day. Some people buy as many as two or three different papers.

　　Why do people read newspapers?

　　Newspapers supply us with news about events in our home towns, in our country, and in other parts of the world. Today we can read about important things that took place in foreign countries on the same day they happened, even in countries far away. But hundreds of years ago, news of things took months or even years to travel from one country to another. In those times, news was often passed from one person to another and never entirely(完全) true. Newspapers today supply us with more than just what happened in our country or in other countries. If we want to know what the weather will be like, we can read the weather reports. If we want to find out what films are being shown, or what plays or concerts we can go to, we can look in the newspapers.

　　In many countries people put notices in newspapers if they are trying to get a job, hunting for a house or rooms that they can rent(租), or even when looking for a person who is lost.

1．This article tells us ________.

[　　]

A．most people read newspapers

B．all people read newspapers

C．every person in America or England reads newspapers

D．all families read newspapers

2．Newpapers supply us with ________.

[　　]

A．only home news

B．only world news

C．home news and world news

D．important things

3．Today we can read in our newspapers about important events ________.

[　　]

A．that took place hundreds of years ago

B．that took place in faraway countries soon after they happened

C．that will take place in foreign countries

D．that will take place in the world

4．Things such as ________ can be found in newspapers.

[　　]

A．weather reports and film or concert guides

B．requirements for a job at house

C．information about a lost person

D．All of the above.