阅读理解

　　Man did not have to think about the protection of his environment. There were few people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be unlimited.

　　Today things are different. The world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are polluting out environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on earth will not survive.

　　Everyone realizes today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many trees are cut down, forests will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. Yet, we continue to use bigger and more powerful machines to cut down more and more trees.

　　We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. However, in most countries waste products are still put into rivers or into the sea, and there are few laws to stop this.

　　We know, too, that if the population of the world countries is to rise at the present rate, in a few years, there will not be enough food. What can we do to solve these problems?

If we eat more vegetables and less meat, there will be more food available for everyone. Land that is used to grow crops feeds five times more people than land where animals are kept.

　　Our natural resources will last longer if we learn to recycle them.

　　The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control.

　　Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems we shall have a better and clean planet in the future.

（1）Today, we have to think about the protection of our environment because ________.

[　　]

A. things are getting worse and worse

B. the limited natural resources are being used up quickly

C. the environment is continuing to be polluted by too much waste and poison

D. if we care nothing about the protection of the environment, no human beings will exist on earth

（2）If we ________, the natural resources can be used longer.

[　　]

A. use them as little as possible

B. use them properly and pay attention to the recycle

C. make full use of them

D. learn to recycle them

（3）Which of the following statements is NOT true?

[　　]

A. If we eat more vegetables, more food can be saved.

B. In the past, there was no need for us to think about the environmental protection.

C. If we keep on cutting down trees, forests will disappear, and nothing will grow on land.

D. We should not take more and more fish out of the sea, or there will soon be no fish left.

（4）In order to slow down the increase of the world population, _______.

[　　]

A. we should encourage young people to marry later

B. we should encourage the married to use modern methods of birth control

C. we should let the people have more education

D. both A and B

（5）According to the passage, the most important things we must understand is that _______.

[　　]

A. we should keep our environment from being polluted

B. we must make enough laws to protect our natural resources

C. man will destroy himself if he doesn't solve the problems mentioned in the passage

D. we will have not enough food if the population of the world countries rises at the present

阅读理解

  If you want your land to keep fertile（肥沃的），you must try to stop soil from being carried away by water or winds. When soil is taken away by flowing water or blowing winds, we call it soil erosion（侵蚀）.Ways have been found to stop soil erosion, and this is known as soil conservation（保存）. One way of stopping soil erosion is to grow small plants such as grasses. These plants are referred to as cover crops, whose roots hold the soil tightly together. The rain water cannot wash away the soil. When trees and tall bushes are planted at the edges of an open filed, soil erosion by strong winds cannot take place. The trees and bushes, which act as a very big and firm wall, protect the open land from the winds. The way to stop soil erosion on slopes is to build terraces on the slope of hillside and mountainside. When the slope of a hillside is cut into“steps”，water carrying soil cannot run straight down the terraces, which are used to show down the speed of the flowing water containing much soil in it. In this way most of the soil in the water is left behind on the terraces, much soil in it. In this way most of the soil in the water is left behind on the terraces.

（1）What takes place in soil erosion?

[　　]

A. Flood happens to the fertile land.

B. A large quantity of the earth wears away gradually.

C. Terraces are built on the slope of a hillside or mountainside.

D. Plants are grown to protect the open land.

（2）“cover crops”in this passage means ________ .

[　　]

A. grass roots

B. trees and bushes

C. plant lives of an area

D. covering plants that produce grain or vegetables

（3）Trees and tall bushes are planted around an open field _______ .

[　　]

A. because their roots hold soil tightly

B. to stop soil from being blown away by winds

C. because soil erosion causes terrible damage to crops

D. to keep the ecological balance

阅读理解

  By the early 19th century the factory system had spread to the U.S. The first cotton factory was built in 1814, and by 1850 some 24 percent of workers were women. They produced clothing, shoes, cigars, and other things. In the Northeast, newly-arrived women with little education became the factory force. In the South, black women moved into factory and domestic（家庭的）jobs, first as slaves and later as free workers.

　　By 1890 nearly 4 million women in the U.S. worked for pay. This represented（代表）18 percent of the female population aged 14 and 17 percent of the total work force. Half the female workers were under 25 years of age, and seven out of ten were single. Most of them worked in domestic service, teaching positions, and textile（纺织的）factories; only about 5 percent were secretaries, clerks, or salespersons.

　　Recent years have seen a rapid increase in the number of women joining the paid labour force in the U.S. Today, almost 54 percent of all women of working age are employed. Over 50 percent of working women are married, and 60 percent of working wives have school--aged children.

（1）By 1850 about _______ percent of workers were men.

[　　]

（2）By 1890 ________ of working women were married.

[　　]

（3）Today less than ________ percent of female workers are single.

[　　]

（4）More and more women in the U.S. have worked for pay _______ .

[　　]

A．by 1850

B．by 1890

C．by the early 19th century

D．in the recent years

（5）According to the passage, which of the following sentences is NOT true?

[　　]

A. Today three fifths of working wives have school--aged children.

B. By 1890, 17 percent of the total work force in the U.S. worked for pay.

C. The first textile factory was built in 1814.

D. Black women in the South of the U.S. first worked as slaves.

阅读理解

　　Beijing audience can view five new South Korean films, all with Chinese subtitles（中文字幕）, until April 19at the Tuixin Cinema on the Beijing National Library grounds.

　　Two other South Korean films completed their full runs at the Tuixin Cinema earlier this month.

　　Location: Tuixin Cinema, Beijing National Library, 39 Baishiqiao Road, Haidian District. Telephone: 86415566

“My love, My Bride”

April 15--9∶00, 13∶00, 15∶30, 17∶30, 19∶30

“Kim's War”

April 16--9∶00, 13∶30, 18∶15

“Because You Are A Woman”

April 17--13∶00, 18∶15

“Marriage Story”

April 18--9∶00, 13∶00, 15∶30, 18∶15

“Spyonje”

April 19--9∶00, 13∶30, 15∶30, 17∶30, 19∶30

　　Hong Kong popstar--Leon Lai will give a personal performance at 7∶30 p. m. from tomorrow through to September 21 at the Shanghai Gymnasium（体育馆）. The show is to celebrate the opening of the 93 Huangpu Tourism Festival.

　　Tickets: 60, 90, 120, 180 yuan RMB, available（有票）at 66 Jiangning Road.

Address: Shanghai Gymnasium, 1111 Gaoxi Road N.

Tel: 29189188, 29171145, 49384952, 29197113

　　The Shanghai Philharmonic Orchestra will put on some excellent Russian choral（合唱）works at 7∶15 p. m. on September 26 and 27 at the Shanghai Concert Hall. They will sing Russian folk songs and a Mass under a Russian conductor who is very famous for conducting choirs（歌唱队）and has given a successful choral concert in Beijing.

　　Tickets: 6, 8, 10,12 yuan RMB, available at the hall's ticket office.

　　Address: 523 Yan'an Road M. Shanghai

　　Tel: 32275694

　　The Song and Dance Troupe of the Republic of Korea will give a Song and Dance show at 7∶30 p.m. tonight at the Shanghai Center Theatre.

　　Tickets: 10, 20, 30 yuan RMB, available at the theatre's ticket office.

　　Address: 1776 Nanjing Road W.

　　Tel: 29798663

（1）The audience in ______ can watch the performance given by Leon Lai from tomorrow through to September.

[　　]

（2） _____ will be on on April 18. The cinema's telephone number is _______ .

[　　]

A. Kim's War, 29798663

B. My Love, My Bride, 32275694

C. Because You Are A Woman, 29189188

D. Marriage Story, 86415566

（3）The address of the Shanghai Center Theatre is _______ .

[　　]

A．1111 Caoxi Road N.

B．1376 Nanjing Road W.

C．523 Yan'an Road M.

D．66 Jiangning Road

（4）According to the advertisement, a six yuan ticket is for _____ .

[　　]

A．Russian concert

B．Korean songs

C．South Korean films

D．Leon's show

（5）If you haven't had enough money, you'd better enjoy ______ .

[　　]

A．South Korean films

B．Leon's show

C．Russian concert

D．Korean songs

阅读理解

　　A new enemy is threatening Japanese traditions: As part of its attempt to increase imports, the government is trying to get people to work less and spend more. The workers are disgusted.

　　The figures support the western prejudice that the Japanese are all work and no play. Trying to force workers away from their desks and machines, the government said last April that the country should cut down from its 2,100 hours average work year to 1,899 hours and a five-day week by 1992. Beginning in February, banks and stock markets will be closed on Saturdays, staff or civil service will be forced out of their offices two Saturdays a month. The government hopes that others will follow that practice.

　　But some persuasion will be needed. Small companies are very angry about it and they fear competitors may not cut hours. The unions are on happier; they have even advertised in newspapers are on happier; they have even advertised in newspapers arguing their case against the foreign pressure that is forcing leisure upon them. They say that shorter hours are a disguised(伪装的)pay cut. The industrialists, who have no objection to the government's plans, admit that shorter hours will help them cut costs. Younger Japanese who are supposed to be acting against their hardworking parents, show no sign of wanting time off, either. But unlike older workers, they do spend money in their spare time. Not content with watching television, they dance, dress up, sit in cafes, go to pop concerts and generally drive the leisure-industry boom. Now that they know how to consume. Maybe the West can teach them to relax and enjoy themselves, too.

(1)The purpose of getting the Japanese to have more spare time is that ________.

[　　]

A. the government wants to show more concern for the health of the people

B. the government needs to get more goods from abroad

C. the Japanese have been working too hard

D. the Japanese hope to change the western prejudice

(2)The group of people who welcome the shorter-hour system in Japan is ________.

[　　]

A. the small companies

B. the industrialists

C. the unions

D. the younger generation

(3)The unions think that ________.

[　　]

A. the shorter hours they work, the higher pay they can get

B. the more they work, the less leisure they can enjoy

C. the shorter hour they work, the less pay they can have

D. the greater pressure the government is forcing on them, the less happy they can be

(4)What is the result of younger Japanese's relation to the leisure industry?

[　　]

A. It costs more money than they can offer.

B. It is more and more unbearable to older workers.

C. The younger generation become more and more in favour of it.

D. It becomes a new fashion for people to enjoy.

(5)The best title for this passage can be ________.

[　　]

A. Oh No! Not Saturday Again!

B. Leisure: the Greatest Threat!

C. Enjoy While You Are Young!

D. Less Work and More Play!

阅读理解

　　Every December millions of Christmas cards go through the post. There are pictures of stars and snow or Christrmas trees. In these days it is hard to think of a Christmas without Christmas cards. Yet little over a hundred and fifty years ago there were none at all. Here is just one story of the way in which they started.

　　Some boys of those days who were at boarding schools had to write a special piece of English at Christmas time. This was sent to their parents so that they could see how the boy's work had improved during the year.

　　Young people like to make little drawings on the paper when they write letters or poems. These boys were the same. They used to draw little pictures all round the writing. Sometimes they coloured them, and after a time the pictures became more important than the writing. These were the first Christmas cards.

　　Then, grown-up people copied the idea. The early Christmas cards, of course, were all made by hand, and there has always been some doubt about who was actually the first person to send one. But some people believe that one of the first artists who designed a Christmas card was John C. Horsley. In 1843, he was asked to design a Christmas card. These cards were printed in black and white and colored by hand. It is said that about 1000 of them were sold in London that year. At about the same time, another English artist, William Egley, designed a card and had it printed. He had one hundred of them sent to his friends with the now familiar greeting “A Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.”

　　Soon printing machines began to improve. The new ones were much better than the old ones, and could print much more quickly. Printing became much cheaper, and the printers began to sell Christmas cards. Then the idea of sending Christmas cards suddenly spread.

　　At first the cards were small and flat. Then folded cards appeared with greetings printed inside. The cards became more and more beautiful. Some were covered with little spots that looks like real snow. Some had stars that shone in the night. Some were printed in gold or silver. Some were made of silk. Hundreds of people started sending cards to each other.

　　Year by year the idea spread. Year by year more people sent cards to their friends both at home and abroad. The number of cards grew into thousands and then into millions. In Great Britain, for example, the Post Office employs over 150,000 extra workers in December to sort out about 655 million Christmas cards.

　　Today many countries have accepted the idea. Every year, billions of greeting cards are sent all over the world. Whatever language the greetings are written in, the message is the same--a wish for peace and goodwill among all people.

(1)Christmas cards first appeared about ________.

[　　]

A. centuries ago

B. one and a half centuries ago

C. one hundred and fifteen years ago

D. none of the above

(2)Some boarding school boys ________.

[　　]

A. used to write a special letter to their parents at Christmas

B. enjoyed drawing on the letters to their parents

C. would report their progress in studies to their parents at the end of a year

D. all the above

(3)Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

[　　]

A. The Christmas cards designed by John C. Horsley became very popular among people in Britain.

B. William Egley was much better than John C. Horsley in designing Christmas Cards.

C. It was not until printing became much cheaper and quicker that many British people began to send Christmas cards.

D. “A Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year”is no longer used today.

(4)The original Christmas cards were invented by ________.

[　　]

A. boarding school students

B. John C. Horsley

C. William Egley

D. unknown

(5)Why do millions of people all around the world send Christmas cards?

[　　]

A. Christmas cards are beautifully designed.

B. Christmas cards are cheap.

C. People want to show goodwill to their friends.

D. Sending Christmas cards had become a fashion.

阅读理解

　　The Romans built great“aqueducts”to carry fresh water from the mountains to the cities. Many of these aqueducts are still standing today. The Romans also built great pipes under the ground to carry away the sewage(污水). In Rome, one of these sewage pipes is still used today: it is 2,000 years old. The Roman Emperors even set up a government health service. They built the first great public hospitals in Europe, and they paid doctors to look after poor people.

　　When the Roman Empire fell to pieces, these civilized(文明的)methods of treatment disappeared from most of Europe, for more than a thousand years. People went back to the old days. They lived in dirty conditions which helped to cause diseases; and they asked God to cure the diseases. They shut up mentally sick people in prisons. Or they burnt them alive because they were supposed to have magic(魔法的)powers.

　　But the work of Greek and Roman doctors was not lost. Over a thousand years ago, the Arabs moved into many of the Mediterranean countries. They took big parts of the Roman lands. They translated the Greek and Roman medical books into Arabic. Arab doctors themselves made many new discoveries.

　　When civilization at last came back to Europe, men once again translated the Greek and Roman works on medicine to Latin. Slowly, very slowly, European doctors discovered again the things that the Greeks and Romans had known, so long ago. Slowly, they began to make new discoveries. They found out more about the way the body works, the way out blood goes round our bodies, the way our nerves (神经) send messages from our brains to our muscles, the way these muscles move our bodies.

(1)The word“aqueduct”means ________.

[　　]

A. something built to carry away the dirty water

B. something that was built 2,000 years ago

C. something like a pipe under the ground

D. something built to supply clean water for the citizens

(2)Which of the following is not true? ________.

[　　]

A. A sewage pipe built 2,000 years ago is still being used in Rome

B. The first public hospitals is Europe were built by the Roman Emperors

C. The ancient Romans got their drinking water from aqueducts

D. Mentally sick people were shut up in prisons in the Roman Empire

(3)“People went back to the old days”means ________.

[　　]

A. they burnt mentally sick people alive

B. they asked God for help when they were

C. they lived in dirty conditions again

D. all of the above

(4)From this passage we've learned that ________.

[　　]

A. the Arabs took big parts of the old Roman lands 2,000 years ago

B. the Greeks discovered more about the way the human body works

C. the Arabs helped to preserve the Roman medical works

D. the Greeks made more discoveries than the Romans

(5)Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? ________.

[　　]

A. The rise and the fall of the Roman Empire

B. The Arabs defeated the Romans in many ways

C. The Romans and the Arabs did a great deal to improve healthy living conditions

D. The Romans made many great discoveries

阅读理解

　　Ann started work last summer, so she didn't have a holiday. She saved as much as she could and, in January, she booked a package trip to Rosas, in Spain. She left London airport early on the first Saturday in August. She was very excited, as that was her first trip abroad. During the flight they had a snack, and when they arrived at Barcelona airport, a special bus was ready to take them to their hotel in Rosas. The weather was beautiful and Ann enjoyed the bus trip.

　　At the hotel, she checked in, and then went to her room to change before dinner. She was just ready to go downstairs, when she found that her Spanish money wasn't in her handbag. She carefully looked in all her luggage, but she couldn't find it. All she had was a small purse with ten English notes in it!

　　Ann found a place to change her English money. She had a few pesetas, and she would be here for two weeks. On her way back to the hotel, Ann bought some cheese, some bread and some oranges. When she got back, she told the manager that her doctor had told her not to eat Spanish food; she would just have breakfast every day. That was all right, as she knew the price of hotels included breakfast.

　　For the rest of her holiday, Ann swam in the hotel swimming pool, or lay on the beach and got a sunbath. She also went for long walks with one of the other tourists, a Scottish girl called Jane. However, when the others went to interesting places, she always said she wasn't well. In fact, her holiday wasn't bad, except that she was always hungry. After all, a piece of fruit for lunch, and bread and cheese for supper isn't very much... especially not for two weeks.

　　Late in the afternoon of their last day, Ann and Jane were on the beach. Jane asked her why she never ate with them in the hotel restaurant. The food was excellent. Ann told her all about her money problems. Jane looked at her for a minute, and then said, “But didn't you know? The price of this holiday includes absolutely everything!”

(1)Ann worked through the summer without a holiday in order to ________.

[　　]

A．save enough money to make a trip

B．leave London as early as possible

C．enjoy herself in the job

D．book a trip to Barcelona

(2)“A package trip”means a trip in which ________.

[　　]

A．packages are needed to take

B．travel agents arrange everything at a fixed price

C．travel agents carry your packages for you

D．travel book tickets and hotels for you

(3)Ann had breakfast in the hotel because ________.

[　　]

A．food in the hotel was very cheap

B．food in the hotel was English food

C．she needn't pay for it

D．the manager promised to offer her food free of charge

(4)What can we know from the passage?

[　　]

A．The other tourists treated Ann badly.

B．Ann had looked forward to the trip for a long time.

C．Ann didn't like Spanish food.

D．Ann knew a lot about her trip.

(5)Which is NOT true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．Ann had never been abroad before.

B．Ann didn't take much money with her.

C．Ann suffered a lot from hunger.

D．Ann found her purse was lost before dinner.

阅读理解

　　If there is no difference in general intelligence (智力) between boys and girls, what can explain girls poor performance in science and mathematics?

　　It seems to be that their treatment at school is a direct muse. Mathematics and science are seen as subjects mainly for boys, and therefore, as girls become teenagers, they are less likely to take them. Interestingly, both boys and girls often regard the subjects for boys as more difficult. Yet it has been suggested that girls do not take mathematics courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons. Girls do not want to be in open competition with boys because they are afraid to appear less feminine (女性的) and attractive.

　　However, if we examine the performance of boys and girls who have taken mathematics courses, there are still more high-achieving boys than there are girls. This difference appears to be world-wide. Biological explanations have been offered for this, but there are other explanations too.

　　Perhaps the difference which comes out during the teenage years has its roots in much earlier experiences. From their first days in kindergarten, boys are encouraged to work on their own and to complete tasks. Facts show that outstanding mathematicians and scientists have not had teachers who supplied answers.

　　Besides, there can be little doubt that teachers of mathematics and science expect their boy students to do better at these subjects than their gift students. They even appear to encourage the difference between boys and girls. They spend more time with the boy students, giving them more time to answer questions and working harder to get correct answers from them. They are more likely to call on boys for answers and to allow them to take the lead in classroom discussion. They also praise boys more frequently. All of this seems to encourage boys to work harder in science and mathematics and to give them confidence that they are able to succeed.

　　Such a way of teaching is not likely to encourage girls to take many mathematics and science courses, nor is it likely to support girls who do. When it comes to these subjects, it seems certain that school widens difference between boys and girls.

(1)Girls are likely to think that ________.

[　　]

A. science courses are for both boys and girls

B. science courses make them more popular

C. science courses make them successful

D. science courses are difficult for them

(2)The text mainly discusses ________ reasons for the difference between boys and girls in scientific achieve-merits.

[　　]

A. biological

B. historical

C. social

D. personal

(3)What are boys usually encouraged to do at school?

[　　]

A. To get help with their homework.

B. To play the leading role in Class.

C. To work with girl students in class

D. To learn to take care of others.

(4)What does the passage say about great mathematicians?

[　　]

A. Their teachers did not supply answers to them.

B. They started learning mathematics at an earlier age.

C. They showed mathematical abilities in their teenage years.

D. Their success resulted from their strong interest in mathematics.

(5)The author would probably agree that ________.

[　　]

A. boys and girls learn in the same way

B. boys and girls are equal in general intelligence

C. girls are more confident in themselves than before

D. girls should take fewer science courses than boys

阅读理解

　　From early times, man has been interested in art. People have often worked together to collect and save the world's art treasures.

　　Fine art treasures from many countries are kept in an art museum called the Louver (卢浮宫) in Paris, France. The works of art have been collected by the people of France over many centuries.

　　The Louver has not always been a museum. The first building was a fort (要塞) with high walls and a round tower. It had a moat (护城河) to keep out the enemies. Over the years, the number of buildings around the fort grew. By 1350,the fort was no longer needed and became a palace home for French kings and queens.

　　During times of peace, new treasures were brought in. During times of war, many treasures were stolen, and the buildings were damaged.

　　When Francis I became King of France in the year of 1515,he brought in artists from many countries, and one of them was Leonardo da Vinci from Italy, whose Mona Lisa is the best-known painting in the museum today.

　　In 1793,the Louver became a public museum, just as it is now. It is a place where art treasures have been saved for everyone to enjoy.

(1)The above passage is about ________.

[　　]

A. the world-famous painting Mona Lisa

B. a king of France by the name of Francis I

C. a grand art museum in the capital of France

D. an artist named Leonardo da Vinci

(2)It seems to be good and necessary for great art works to be kept in public museums because ________.

[　　]

A. only in this way will they not be stolen

B. it gives everyone a chance to enjoy them

C. it helps people to remember the life of French kings and queens

D. it tells people what meaningful work the French kings did in the past

(3)The Louver became an art museum ________.

[　　]

A. in the year of 1350

B. in 1515 when Francis I became King of France

C. in the seventeenth century

D. in the nineties of the eighteenth century

(4)Though the story does not say so, it makes you think ________.

[　　]

A. lots of people pay visits to the Louver

B. Leonardo da Vinci was once the keeper of the museum

C. the Louver was only open to the artists from other countries

D. the Louver became a public museum not long ago

(5)Which of the following statements is true according to the passage ?

[　　]

A. It's impossible for any treasures to be stolen because the Louver was closely guarded.

B. Old forts always make the best museums.

C. All the kings and queens were fond of collecting treasures.

D. Great art works should be shared by all the people.