阅读理解

　　The Winter Olympics are also called the White Olympics. At this time, many colorful stamps are published to mark the great Games. The first stamp marking the opening of the White Olympics was issued (发行) on January 25,1932 in the United States to celebrate(庆祝) the 3rd White Olympics. From then on, issuing stamps during the White Olympics became a tradition(传统)。

　　To celebrate the 4th Winter Olympics, a group of stamps were published in Germany in November, 1935. The five rings of the Olympics were printed on the front of the sportswear(运动服)。

　　It was the first time that this symbol(标记)appeared on stamps of the Winter Olympics.

　　In the 1950s, the stamps of this kind became more colorful. When the Winter Olympics came, the host countries(东道国)as well as the non-host countries published stamps to mark those Games.

　　China also published four stamps in February 1980, when the Chinese sportsmen began to march into the area of the Winter Olympics.

　　Japan is the only Asian country that has ever held the Winter Olympics. Altogether 14,500 million stamps were sold to raise funds(筹集经费)for this sports meet.

　　Different kinds of sports were printed on these small stamps. People can enjoy the beauty of the wonderful movements of some athletes.

1．The White Olympics and the Winter Olympics are ________.

[　　]

2．From ________ issuing stamps during the White Olympics became a tradition.

[　　]

3．In 1935, on the front of the sportswear ________ of the Olympics were printed.

[　　]

4．Which of the following is not true?

[　　]

A．In the 1950s, when the white Olympics came, not only the host countries but also the non-host countries published stamps.

B．In the 1950s, all the host countries but not the non-host countries published stamps when the Winter Olympics came.

C．All the countries that took part in the Winter Olympics published stamps in the 1950s.

D．All the host countries and the non-host countries published stamps when the White Olympics came in the 1950s.

5．The Winter Olympics has not been held in ________ yet.

[　　]

阅读理解

　　A student is learning to speak British English. He wonders: Can they understand me? Learners of English often ask: What are the difference between British and American English? How important are these differences?

　　Certainly, there are some differences between British and American English. There are a few differences in grammar. For example, speakers of British English say“in hospital”and“Have you got a pen?” Americans say“in the hospital”and“Do you have a pen?”Pronunciation is sometimes different. Americans usually sound the r’s in words like“bird”and“work”. Some speakers of British English do not sound the r’s in these words. There are differences between British and American English in spelling and vocabulary. For example,“colour”and“vapour”are British,“color”and“vapor”are American.

　　These differences in grammar, pronunciation, spelling and vocabulary(词汇)are not important, however. For the most part, British and American English are the same language.

1．One of the questions among students of English is ________.

[　　]

A．if they should learn American English

B．how they can communicate with Americans

C．how great the difference is between British and American English

D．in how many ways the two languages are different

2．To the question“Are there differences between British English and American English?”the writer’ s answer is ________.

[　　]

3．Which of the following do you think is American English?

[　　]

A．I haven’t any brothers.

B．I don’t have any brothers.

C．I haven’t got any brothers.

D．I have got no brothers.

4．________ speakers of British English sound the r’s in the word“artist”.

[　　]

5．The writer of the article believes ________

[　　]

A．There’s difference between British English and American English, but it’s not enough to get in the way of communication.

B．There’s no difference between British English and American English, so they are the same language.

C．There are so many differences between British English and American English that communication with Americans is impossible.

D．Though the difference isn’t very important, it may often bring trouble in mutual understanding.

阅读理解

　　Mrs Baker’s sister was ill. She had someone to look after her from Monday to Friday, but not at the weekend. So every Friday evening Mrs Baker had to stay with her at home in a town near hers. But as Mr Baker could not cook, she had to ask his sister to come over and spend the weekend looking after him at their home.

　　This meant that Mr Baker had quite a busy time when he came home from work on Friday evening. First he drove home from his factory. Then he had to drive his wife to the railway station to catch her train. And then he had to wait until his sister’s train arrived, and took her to his house.

　　Of course, on Sunday evening he had to drive his sister to the station to catch her train back home and wait for his wife and bring her home.

　　One Sunday evening he had seen his sister off and was waiting for his wife when a friend of his came over and spoke to him.

　　“Hello, old friend, I think you are in real trouble now. How long will you spend your weekends like this?”

1．Mr Baker’s wife had to look after ________ sister.

[　　]

2．Every Friday Mr Baker had to ________.

[　　]

A．take his sister to his house

B．bring his wife at their home

C．wait for his wife at the station

D．see his sister off at the station

3．Mrs Baker must spend ________ with her sister every week.

[　　]

4．Which days are the busiest days for Mr Baker?

[　　]

A．Monday and Friday

B．Saturday and Sunday

C．from Monday to Friday

D．Friday and Sunday

阅读理解

　　She didn’t even know who I was and yet I tried to act the Romeo(罗密欧), the ugly ducking(little duck)that I was! I sat there for a long time, thinking of my own foolishness. Then slowly I tore up(break into pieces)her letter into tiny (small) bits and blew them away. They scattered(go everywhere)on the ground and looked like snow flakes(pieces)under the moonlight. They reminded(make me think of)me of my first sight of her in the library. She had just come in from the cold outside, with snow flakes on her hair and her blue and green coat. It was only half a year ago, but it seemed to me to be an age.

　　That night the moon looked extremely(completely)beautiful but sad to me. Tonight my tears flowed freely.

1．“Who was she?”“She might be a girl ________.”

[　　]

A．who knew the writer but didn’t love him

B．who the writer once met but didn’t know

C．who the writer had met and loved ever since

D．who had been his girl friend but had left him

2．His tearing up her letter into tiny bits and blowing them away showed that ________.

[　　]

A．he love her

B．he was angry with her

C．he hated her

D．he was sad

3．What made him think of their first meeting?

[　　]

A．The snow flakes.

B．The ugly ducking.

C．The beautiful moon.

D．The letter in pieces.

4．The meaning of“an age”in this passage is ________.

[　　]

A．a very long time

B．one year

C．half a year

D．more than half a year

5．It’s possible that the writer and the girl ________.

[　　]

A．were classmates

B．were cousins

C．studied at the same university

D．worked in the same office

阅读理解

　　Mr and Mrs Green lived in a big city, and one summer they went to the countryside for their holiday. They enjoyed it very much, because it was a quiet, clean place.

　　One day they went for a walk early in the morning and met an old man. The old man lived on a farm, and he was sitting in the warm sun in front of his house. Mr Green asked him,“Do you like to live in this quiet place?”

　　“Yes, I do.”said the old man.

　　Mr Green said,“What are the good things about it?”

　　The old man answered, “Well, the people go and visit them. And there are also lots of children here.”

　　Mr Green said,“That is interesting. And what are the bad things?”The old man thought for a while and then said,“Well, the same things really.”

1．The Greens went to the country ________.

[　　]

A．to visit a friend

B．to have a sightseeing

C．to spend their holiday

D．to call on the old man

2．Mr and Mrs Green liked to stay in the countryside because ________.

[　　]

A．it was quiet and clean

B．the people there knew them

C．it was far from the city

D．they had nothing to do

3．Mr and Mrs Green met an old man ________.

[　　]

A．on their way home

B．on the way to the country

C．in front of their house

D．while they were walking

4．The old man said,“Yes, I do.”“I do.”here means ________.

[　　]

A．I like sitting in the warm sun

B．I like my house

C．I like to be out early in the morning

D．I like to live in this place

5．Did the old man like people to come and call on him?

[　　]

A．Yes, he did.

B．No, he didn’t.

C．He always liked them to come.

D．Sometimes he did, but sometimes he didn’t.

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

　　Do students learn from programmed instruction? The research leaves us in no doubt of this. They do, indeed, learn. Many kinds of student learn-college, high school, secondary, primary, preschool, adult, professional, skilled labor, clerical employees, military, deaf, retarded, imprisoned－every kind of student that programs have been tried on. Using programs, these students are able to learn mathematics and science at different levels, foreign languages, English language correctness, spelling, electronics, computer science, psychology, statistics, business skills, reading skills, instrument flying rules, and many other subjects. The limits of the topics which can be studied efficiently by means of programs are not yet known.

　　For each of the kinds of subject matter and the kinds of students mentioned above, experiments have demonstrated that a considerable amount of learning can be derived from programs; this learning has been measured either by comparing pre-and post-tests or the time and trials needed to reach a set criterion of performance. But the question, how well do students learn from programs as compared to how well they learn from other kinds of instruction , we cannot answer quite so confidently.

　　Experimental psychologists typically do not take very seriously the evaluative experiments in which learning from programs is compared with learning from conventional teaching. Such experiments are doubtless useful, they say, for school administrators or teachers to prove to themselves (or their boards of education) that programs work. But whereas one can describe fairly well the characteristics of a program, can one describe the characteristics of a classroom teaching situation so that the result of the comparison will have any generality? What kind of teacher is being compared to what kind of program? Furthermore, these early evaluative experiments with programs are likely to suffer from the Hawthorne effect: that is to say, students are in the spot-light when testing something new, and are challenged to do well. It is very hard to make allowance for this effect. Therefore, the evaluative tests may be useful administratively, say many of the experimenters, but do not contribute much to science, and should properly be kept for private use.

　　These objections are will taken. And yet, do they justify us in ignoring the evaluative studies? The great strength of a program is that it permits the student to learn efficiently by himself. Is it not therefore important to know how much and what kind of skill’s concepts, insights, or attitudes he can learn by himself from a program as compared to what he can learn from a teacher? Admittedly, this is a very difficult and complex research problem, but that should not keep us from trying to solve it.

1．Of the following, the most appropriate title for the passage would be ________.

[　　]

A．The History of programmed Learning Devices

B．How to Use Programmed Teaching Machines in the Classroom

C．How Effective Is programmed Instruction

D．Subjects We Can Teach Ourselves Through Programmed Learning

2．According to the passage, experimental psychologists typically view the results of experiments comparing programmed instruction to conventional teaching methods with ________.

[　　]

3．The author’s main purpose is to point out that programmed instruction ________.

[　　]

A．deserves further investigation

B．is a superior method of teaching

C．comes in a variety of forms

D．is criticized by educators

4．According to the passage, which of the following experimental variables is most difficult to evaluate in experiments comparing programmed instruction to classroom teaching?

[　　]

A．Variability among students.

B．Variability among types of programmed methods.

C．Variability among classroom teaching.

D．Variability among school administrators.

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

　　It is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new, they are by difinition unknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. You either have science or you don’t and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits.

　　The only solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indeed, I regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, in its way, an illuminating piece of news. It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead. It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things Worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant, the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-had spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels than can yet be trusted.

　　But we are making a beginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that can’ t be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions we can’t think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.

1．According to the author, really good science ________.

[　　]

A．would surprise the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment

B．will produce results which cannot be foreseen

C．will help people to make the right choice in advance

D．will bring about disturbing results

2．It can be inferred from the passage that scientists of the 18 th century ________.

[　　]

A．thoutht that they knew a great deal and could solve most problems of science

B．were afraid of facing up to the realities of scientific research

C．knew that they were ignorant and wanted to know more about nature

D．did more harm than good in promoting man’ s understanding of nature

3．What is the author’s attitude towards science?

[　　]

A．He is depressed because of the ignorance of scientists.

B．He is doubtful because of the enormous difficulties in scientific research.

C．He is confident though he is aware of the enormous difficulties in scientific research.

D．He is delighted because of the illuminating scientific findings.

4．The author believes that ________.

[　　]

A．man can find solutions sooner or later to whatever questions concerning nature he can think up

B．man can not solve all the problems he can think up because of the limits of human intellect

C．sooner or later man can think up all the questions concerning nature and answer them

D．questions concerning consciousness are outside the scope of scientific research

阅读理解

　　The military aspect of the United States Civil War has always attracted the most attention from scholars. The roar of gunfire, the massed movements of uniformed men, the shrill of bugles, and the drama of hand-to-hand combat have fascinated students of warfare for a century. Behind the lines, however, life was less spectacular. It was the story of back－breaking labor to provide the fighting men with food and arms, of nerve-tingling uncertainty about the course of national events, of heartbrteak over sons or brothers or husbands lost in battle. If the men on the firing line won the victories, the means to those victories were forgedon the home front.

　　Never in the nation’s history had Americans worked harder for victory than in the Civil War. Northerners and Southerners alike threw themselves into the task of supplying their respective armies. Both governments made tremendous demands upon civilians and, in general, received willing cooperation.

　　By 1863 the Northern war economy was rumbling along in high gear. Everything from steamboats to shovels was needed－and produced. Denied Southern cotton, textile mills turned to wool for blankets and uniforms. Hides by the hundreds of thousands were turned into shoes and harness and saddles, ironworks manufactured locomotives, ordnance, armor plate. Where private enterprise lagged, the government set up its own factories or arsenals. Agriculture boomed, with machinery doing the job of farm workers drawn into the army.

　　In short, everything that a nation needed to fight a modern war was produced in uncounted numbers. Inevitably there were profiteers with gold-headed canes and flamboyant diamond stick pins, but for every crooked tycoon there were thousands of ordinary citizens living on fixed incomes who did their best to cope with rising prices and still make a contribution to the war effort. Those who could bought war bonds; others knitted, sewed, nursed, or lent any other assistance in their power.

1．With what topic is the passage primarily concerned?

A．Why the South lost the Civil War.

B．The causes of the Civil War.

C．Where the Civil War battles were fought.

D．The civilian response to the Civil War.

2．According to the passage, during the Civil War the South no longer provided the North with ________.

[　　]

3．The phrase“in high gear”in Paragraph 3, sentence 1 is closest in meaning to ________.

[　　]

A．in reasonable expenses

B．at high costs

C．in efficient operation

D．based on public donation

4．The author implies that students of the Civil War usually concentrate on the ________.

[　　]

阅读理解

　　The British are the most various newspaper readers in the world.

　　The read newspapers at breakfast; they walk to the bus reading a newspaper; they read a newspaper on bus, as they go to work; and on the way back home, after work, they are engrossed in an evening newspaper.

　　There are many“morning papers”, both national and provincial. The most famous is The Times, Contrary to what many foreigners believe, this is not a government newspaper. The various newspaper usually have their own views on politics, but they are not organs of the political parties, with the exception of the Communist Morning Star. The Labor Party and the Trades Union Congress no longer have a daily newspaper to represent them.

　　Bold headlines and a variety of photographs are features of the British press. Some newspapers, such as the sober Daily Telegraph and The Times use photographs sparingly. The more“popular”newspapers, using the small or“tabloid”format, such as the Daily Express, the Mail, the daily Mirror and the Sun, use pictures extensively and also run strip cartoons and humorous drawings, some of which present striking pictorial comment on politics.

　　Besides offering features common to newspapers all over the world, British newspaper specialize in pages devoted to criticism of the arts and a woman’s page. One feature found in many foreign newspapers in missing in British papers: the serial.

Nearly all papers pay special attention to the reporting of sport and athletics. The evening newspapers are often bought because the purchaser wants to know the winner of a race, or to get good tip for a race that is still to be run.

　　There is no censorship of the press in Britain (except in wartime), though of course all newspapers-like private persons－are responsible for what they publish, and can be used for libel(诽谤) for publishing articles that go beyond the bounds of decency, or for“contempt of court”(e.g. calling a man a murderer while he is still being tried. Such lawsuits are infrequent.)

1．Which of the following does not serve as an evidence that the British are the great newspaper readers?

[　　]

A．They read newspapers at breakfast.

B．They read newspapers at work.

C．They read newspapers on bus.

D．They read newspapers on the way back home.

2．Many foreigners think that ________.

[　　]

A．the Times is an organ of the government

B．the Times has its own views on politics

C．the Times is the most famous newspaper in the world

D．the Times pays too much attention to the reporting of political events

3．The serial is a feature of ________.

[　　]

A．British newspapers

B．many foreign newspapers

C．The Times

D．none of the above

4．Which of the following conclusions can NOT be drawn from the passage?

[　　]

A．Englishmen always take every possible chance to read newspapers.

B．In Britain, newspapers must be carefully examined by the authorities before their publication lest they present anything offensive.

C．Few British newspapers publish libelous articles.

D．The Times is one of the world-famous newspapers.

阅读理解

　　Australia, the last continent, was discovered by ships belonging to some European nations in the seventeenth century, these nations were less interested in changing it into a colony (殖民地) than in exploring (勘 探)it, As in the early history of the United States, it was the English who set up the settlements (新拓展地) in Australia. This history and the geography of these two British colonies have some other things in common as well.

　　Australia and the United States are about the same in size, and their western lands are both not rich in soil. It was the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west. However, this westward movement took place more because the English were searching for better land than because the population was increasing. Settlements of the western part of both countries developed quickly after gold was discovered in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later.

　　Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, these are some striking differences as well. The United States gained its independence from England by revolution while Australia won its independence without having to go to war. Australia, unlike the United States, was firstly turned into a colony by English prisoners and its economic development was in wheat growing and sheep raising. By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people, or almost half as many sheep as the people there in the United States. Yet, in spite of these and other main differences, Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world.

1．Who turned Australia into a colony?

[　　]

A．Britain.

B．Several European countries.

C．The United States of America.

D．None of the above.

2．In the early history of America and Australia, both colonies developed towards the west firstly for the reason that ________.

[　　]

A．the population was increasing rapidly in the east

B．the English thought there might be richer land there

C．gold was discovered there

D．fewer people lived there

3．In the early 1920s ________.

[　　]

A．Australia had one fifteenth as many people as sheep

B．there were more sheep in Australia than in the United States

C．the population in Australia was greater than that of the United States

D．the United States had twice as many sheep as people

4．Australia, unlike the United States, ________.

[　　]

A．won its independence by peaceful means

B．did not discover gold until late 1840s

C．was the last and biggest continent to be discovered

D．was not rich in gold in its western part

5．The last sentence in the last paragraph“…Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world.”means ________.

[　　]

A．The United States and Australia do not have any main differences

B．The United States and Australia have much more in common than they have with other countries

C．The United States and Australia have nothing in common with the rest of the world

D．In common with the rest of the world, The United States and Australia have a lot of differences