阅读理解

　　Today there are all kinds of doctors ---- pediatricians (who take care of children), foot doctors, ear-nose-and-throat doctors, eye doctors, skin doctors, doctors who help with the birth of babies, doctors who set broken bones, surgeons (外科医生 ), and many others.

　　But not too long ago most doctors were family doctors, who did all the things that the special doctors do now. These doctors were very important in the towns where they lived．They not only treated sick people but also set broken hones and stitched up(缝合) cuts.

　　There were not so many hospital then. When a baby was born, the doctor usually went to the home. And sometimes doctors even operated on people at their homes----on the kitchen table and by the light of an oil lamp.

　　Until automobiles were common, these doctors made their house calls in small,horse drawn carriages. Because these were called buggies, the doctors became known as horse-and-buggy doctors.

　　Horse-and-buggy doctors worked very hard．Often they had to get up in the middle of night and go out in the rain or snow to take care of sick people. And they didn't make much money.

　　Along with all the special doctors today, there are still some family doctors. They don't travel by horse-and-buggy. And most of them no longer go to people's homes. But they still often have to get up in the middle of the night when people are sick.

　　Nowadays, it takes a long time to become a doctor, and it takes lots of hard work. Usually a doctor is about 39 years old before he has finished all his training. Even when he has finished medical school and his. training in the hospital, a doctor must read and study a lot because science keeps discovering new and better ways of helping sick people get well.

(1)As to the family doctors, the following statements are true except that ________.

[　　]

A．they spend a lot of time to become a doctor

B．they were not rich in the past

C．they go to people's homes

D．they are important for the people

(2)In the past, when a baby was horn, the doctor usually went to the home

because ________.

[　　]

A．most doctors were family doctors

B．it was more convenient

C．there were not enough hospital

D．they are the family doctors

(3)In the past, doctors sometimes had to operate on people ________.

[　　]

(4)Today after his education and training, a doctor has to continue studying and reading in order to ________.

[　　]

A．become a more learned scholar

B．learn a more learned scholar

C．make new discoveries

D．improve his education for future promotion

阅读理解

　　Malls are popular places for Americans to go to. Some people spend so much time at malls that they are called “mall rats”. Mall rats “shop until they drop” in hundreds of stores under one roof.

　　People like malls for many reasons. They feel safe because malls have police stations or private security guards. Parking is usually free, and the weather inside is always fine. The newest malls have beautiful rest areas with waterfalls and large green trees.

　　The largest mall in the United States is the Mall of America in Minnesota．It covers 4.2 million square feet. It has 350 stores, eight night clubs, and a seven-acre park! There are parking spaces for 12,750 cars. About 750,000 people shop there every week.

　　The first indoor mall in the United States was built in 1965 in Edina, Minnesota．People loved doing all their shopping in one place. More malls were built all over the country. Now, malls are like town centres where people come to do many things. They shop, of course. They also eat in food courts that have food from all over the world．They see movies at theatres. Some people even get their daily exercise by doing the new sport of “mall walking”. Others go to malls to meet friends.

　　In some malls, people can see a doctor or a dentist and even attend church. In other words, people can do just about everything in malls. Now residents can actually live in their favourite shopping centre.

(1)Malls are ________.

[　　]

A．large shopping centres which also act as town centres

B．large parks with shops

C．the most popular places American go to

D．town centres

(2)Why have malls become so popular?

[　　]

A．Because people can do everything there.

B．Because people can do many other things besides shopping for all they need．

C．Because people feel safe in malls with police stations around．

D．Because people enjoy the fresh air and can have a good rest there.

(3)Malls have to be large places because ________.

[　　]

A．many people drive their cars to go to malls

B．there have to be some restaurants, clinics and theatres

C．many people hope to do sports in the malls

D．they have to meet different needs for many people

(4)In doing “mall walking” people ________.

[　　]

A．shop until they drop

B．do just about everything

C．walk around the mall as a kind of exercise

D．see movies at theatres

阅读下列短文，然后从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项

　　Economics is a way of understanding human behavior and of solving problems that characteristically involve scarcity. Economics is important because it provides a method to help make clear a wide range of problems affecting human welfare. It has traditionally been thought that economics is concerned with such broad topics as wealth and income; the production and distribution of goods; money and banking; the determination of prices; employment and unemployment; short-term changes in the level of business activity; and long-term changes in the level of business activity; and long term trends that make some nations rich and keep others poor. But economies has actually been concerned also with the welfare, working and living conditions, and freedom of the individual person. The nineteenth-century English economist Alfred Mar-shall sought to show the universal importance of economics when he said that it is a study of man in the ordinary business of life. He also noted that economics examines that part of individual social activity that is concerned with getting and using the materials necessary for health and happiness.

　　Economics is a study of wealth and an important part of the study of man. This is because man's character has been shaped by his daily work, and the material resources he gains from it. In general, then, economics is about individual and social behavior and values. You cannot understand much about your society without having some knowledge of economies.

(1)The passage primarily deals with ________.

[　　]

A．understanding human behavior

B．the definition and importance of economics

C．a study of wealth and man's character

D．the relationship between economics and society

(2)Economies would list all the following as its subjects except ________.

[　　]

A．stock market

B．international trade

C．population increase

D．production and consumption

(3)Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．Traditional theory of economics is too general and misdirected．

B．The English economist laid much emphasis on the individual person.

C．Economics is helpful in shaping man's character and possession.

D．One cannot understand society well without the knowledge of economics.

(4)The author wrote this passage most probably for ________.

[　　]

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案.

　　Excused from recycling（回收利用）because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute（垃圾道）? You won't be for long. Miami's Mark Shantzis has made it simple for those living in tall buildings to use the chute and recycle too.

　　In Shantzis' Hi-Rise Recycling System, a chute leads to a pie-shaped container with six boxes that can turn around when operated. The system, which fits in the same space as the chute and container now in use, enables glass, plastic, paper, metal, and other rubbish to go into separate boxes.

　　The system is controlled from a board fixed next to the chute door. The board has a button for each class of recycling materials（as well as for unrecyclables）. At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors' chute doors and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute. The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full. And a particular piece of equipment breaks up the unrecyclables.

　　Sorting（分类）recyclables before they are collected saves the use of expensive materials recover equipment which otherwise has to do the sorting. Such equipment often makes recycled materials very expensive, so expensive that tons of recyclables remain wasted. Shantzis believes his system could help recycled materials become more cost-effective.

（1）The purpose in writing this text is ________.

[　　]

A. to encourage people to recycle their rubbish

B. to introduce a recycling system for high rises

C. to describe the use of computer technology in recycling

D. to explain the need for rubbish collection in high rises

（2）When he says “You won't be for long” the writer means that ________.

[　　]

A. you'll soon be living in a cleaner building

B. rubbish chutes will become out of date before long

C. you won't wait long for your turn to recycle rubbish

D. it won't be long before you'll have to recycle your rubbish

（3）Before dropping rubbish into the chute you have to ________.

[　　]

A. lock the other floor's chute doors

B. check if the container is full

C. press the correct button

D. break up the rubbish

（4）The biggest advantage of this new system is that ________.

[　　]

A. it reduces the cost of recycling

B. it saves time and space

C. it saves money for people living in high rises

D. it makes better use of the existing recovery equipment

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案.

　　Fish have ears. Really. They're quite small and have no opening to the outside world carrying sound through the body. For the past seven years, Simon Thorrold, a university professor, has been examining fish ears, small round ear bones called otoliths.

　　As fish grow, so do their otoliths. Each day, their otoliths gain a ring of calcium carbonate（碳酸钙）. By looking through a microscope（显微镜）and counting these rings, Thorrold can determine the exact age of a young fish. As a fish gets older, its otoliths no longer get dally rings. Instead, they get yearly rings, which can also be counted, giving information about the fish's age, just like the growth rings of a tree.

　　Ring counting is nothing new to fish scientists. But Thorrold has turned to a new direction. They're examining the chemical elements（元素）of each otolith ring.

　　The daily ring gives us the time, but chemistry tells us about the environment in which the fish swam on any given day. These elements tell us about the chemistry of the water that the fish was in. It also says something about water temperature, which determines how much of these elements will gather within each otolith ring.

　　Thorrold can tell, for example, if a fish spent time in the open ocean before entering the less salty water of coastal areas. He can basically tell where fish are spending their time at any given stage of history.

　　In the case of the Atlantic croaker, a popular saltwater food fish, Thorrold and his assistant have successfully followed the travelling of young fish from mid-ocean to the coast, a journey of many hundreds of miles.

　　This is important to managers in the fish industry, who know nearly nothing about the whereabouts of the young fish for most food fish in the ocean. Eager to learn about his technology, fish scientists are now lending Thorrold their ears.

（1）What can we learn about fish ears from the text?

[　　]

A. They are small soft rings.

B. They are not seen from the outside

C. They are openings only on food fish.

D. They are not used to receive sound.

（2）Why does the writer compare the fish to trees?

[　　]

A. Trees gain a growth ring each day.

B. Trees also have otoliths.

C. Their growth rings are very small.

D. They both have growth rings.

（3）Why is it important to study the chemistry of otolith rings?

[　　]

A. The elements of the otoliths can tell the history of the sea.

B. Chemical contents of otoliths can tell how fast fish can swim.

C. We can know more about fish and their living environment.

D. Scientists can know exactly how old a fish is.

（4）How would you understand “fish scientists are now lending their ears”?

[　　]

A. They are very interested in Thorrold's research findings.

B. They want to know where they can find fish.

C. They lend their fish for chemical studies.

D. They wonder if Thorrold can find growth rings from their ears.

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案.

　　Betty and Harold have been married for years. But one thing still puzzles（困扰）old Harold. How is it that he can leave Betty and her friend Joan sitting on the sofa, talking, go out to a ballgame, come back three and a half hours later, and they're still sitting on the sofa? Talking?

　　What in the world, Harold wonders, do they have to talk about?

　　Betty shrugs, Talk? We're friends.

　　Researching this result called friendship, psychologist Lillian Rubin spent two years interviewing more than two hundred women and men. No matter what their age, their job, their sex, the results were completely clear: women have more friendships than men, and the difference in the content and the quality of those friendship is “marked and unmistakable.”

　　More than two-thirds of the single men Rubin interviewed would not name a best friend. Those who could were likely to name a woman. Yet three-quarters of the single women had no problem naming a best friend, and almost always it was a woman. More married men than women named their wife / husband as a best friend, most trusted person, or the one they would turn to in time of emotional distress（感情危机）“Most women,” says Rubin, “identified（认定）at least one, usually more, trusted friends to whom they could turn in a trouble moment, and they spoke openly about the importance of these relationships in their lives.”

　　“In general,” writes Rubin in her new book, “women's friendships with each other rest on shared emotions and support, but men's relationships are marked by shared activities.” For the most part, Rubin says, interactions（交往）between men are emotionally controlled--a good fit with the social requirements of “mainly behavior.”

　　“Even when a man is said to be best friend,” Rubin writes, “the two share little about their innermost feelings. Whereas a woman's closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn't unusual to hear a man say he didn't know his friend's marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on a sofa.”

（1）What old Harold cannot understand or explain is the fact that ________.

[　　]

A. he is treated as an outsider than a husband

B. women have so much to share

C. women show little interest in ballgames

D. he finds his wife difficult to talk to

（2）Rubin's study shows that for emotional support a married woman is more likely to turn to ________.

[　　]

（3）According to the text, which type of behavior is NOT expected of a may by society?

[　　]

A. Ending his marriage without good reason.

B. Spending too much time with his friends.

C. Complaining about his marriage trouble

D. Going out to ballgames too often.

（4）Which of the following statements is best supported by the last paragraph?

[　　]

A. Men keep their innermost feelings to themselves

B. Women are more serious than men about marriage.

C. Men often take sudden action to end their marriage

D. Women depend on others in making decisions.

（5）The research done by psychologist Rubin centers around ________.

[　　]

A. happy and successful marriages

B. friendship of men and women

C. emotional problems in marriage

D. interactions between men and women

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案.

　　If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise--and as a result, we are growing old unnecessarily soon.

　　Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why quite healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason（推理）at a rather early age, and how the speed of getting old could be slowed down.

　　With a team of researchers at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes（容量）of a thousand people of different ages with different jobs.

　　Computer technology helped the researchers to get most exact measurements of the volume of the front and side parts of the brain, which have something to do with intellect（智力）and feelings, and decide the human character, As we all know, the back part of the brain, which control tasks like eating and breathing does not contract（萎缩）with age.

　　Contraction of front and side parts--as cells（细胞）die off--was seen in some people in their thirties, but it was still not found in some sixty and seventy-year-olds.

　　Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple Way to prevent the contraction--using the head.

　　The findings show that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those with least possibility, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors, White collar workers doing the same Work day after day in government offices are, however, as possible to have contracting brains as the farm worker, bus drivers and shop assistants.

（1）The team of doctors wanted to find out ________.

[　　]

A. at what point people grow mentally old

B. how to make people live longer

C. the size of certain people's brains

D. which people are the most clever

（2）Their research findings are based on ________.

[　　]

A. an examination of farmers in northern Japan

B. tests given on a thousand old people

C. examining the brain volumes of different people

D. using computer technology

（3）The doctors' tests show that ________.

[　　]

A. our brains contract as we grow older

B. one part of the brain does not contract

C. sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-olds

D. some people's brain have contracted earlier than other people's

（4）According to the article, ________ are growing old earlier than people who live in the cities.

[　　]

（5）The most possible conclusion of the passage is that ________.

[　　]

A. most of us should take more exercise

B. it's better to live in the town

C. the brain contracts if it is not used

D. the more one uses his brain, the sooner he becomes old

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案.

　　If you can find a tree which has been cut down, you will see many rings, or circles, on the base of the trunk（树干基部）. By learning to read these rings you can find out the tree's life.

　　The number of rings tells you how old the tree is. Each year, new wood is formed on the outside of the tree. This new wood is light in colour when the tree is growing in spring and summer, and dark in winter when the tree is not growing much. So, if you count the rings in dark-or-light-coloured wood, you can often find out how old the tree is.

　　You can also tell which years have been good years and which years have been bad years. When the light-coloured rings are very wide, it means that the tree has been growing quickly that year. If the light rings are narrow, it has been growing slowly. If the rings on a tree trunk were greatly magnified（放大）, you would be able to see why the rings are light-coloured when the tree is growing quickly, and dark-coloured when the tree is growing slowly. The tree trunk is made up microscopic tubes（毛细管）, like long pipes, carrying water from the soil, through the trunk, and up to the leaves. They are wide and thin-walled when the tree is growing quickly and they are carrying a lot of water. They are narrow and stuck together when the tree is not growing so quickly.

　　When a tree is old, the tubes in the centre of the tree don't carry water. The walls of the tubes have become thick with materials which have stuck along them over the years, forming a kind of wood called “heartwood”. This kind of wood is darker in colour than the young, growing wood on the outside of the tree.

　　You don't very often see whole tree trucks which have been cut across. But once you learn to read a cross section（横断面）of the wood, you can see much more in wood which had been used to make boxes, houses, and other things.

　　In most wood, instead of seeing the trunk cut across, you are seeing it cut along its length. Because you don't see the whole tree, you can't tell how old it was.

（1）The writer says you can tell the age of a tree by ________.

[　　]

A. the number of rings in its trunk

B. the size of the base of its trunk

C. the colour of its rings

D. the rings on the outside of the tree

（2）When the wood of a tree is mostly light in colour this means that the tree ______.

[　　]

A. grew slowly

B. grew quickly

C. only grew in winter

D. only grew in summer

（2）Heart wood is wood which is ________.

[　　]

A. old and darker in colour

B. fast-growing

C. younger and lighter in colour

D. slow-growing

（3）If all the rings in the cross section of a tree trunk are wide and about the same width, then we can tell that the tree ________.

[　　]

A. grew quickly all its life

B. grew slowly all its life

C. grew quickly when it was young and more slowly later.

D. grew slowly when it was young and more quickly later

（4）In a certain country, it is usually dry and rains heavily every third year. Which drawing given below shows a tree trunk from this country?

[　　]

A. grew quickly all its life

B. grew slowly all its life

C. grew quickly when it was young and more slowly later

D. grew slowly when it was young and more quickly later

（5）In a certain country, it is usually dry and rains heavily every third year. Which drawing given below shows a tree trunk from this country?

[　　]

阅读理解

　　To tell you the truth, I' m not interested in owning a cellular (网络)phone except for use in an emergency (紧急情况), for ordinary cellular phone service is very expensive. How would I get help if I were in trouble or in danger? A good friend told about a product she though would settle my problem. It' s the SOS phone----a cellular phone service designed for emergency use.

　　With the touch of a button (键), the SOS phone will connect me to a roadside emergency service, a 911 service or a trained SOS operator, 24 hours a day. If I ever need help, I know it' a just a phone call away. By pressing the “Tow” button, I'll be connected with my emergency roadside service provider (提供者). Or, if I don' t have one, the SOS operator can suggest one to me and get in touch with them immediately.

　　The“911”button will connect me to 911 emergency service ID my area----best of all, the call is completely free!

　　If I just want to call hone to tell my husband and children something necessary I can. By pressing the “Call”button. I'll reach an operator. When I ask the operator to call home. I'll be connected automatically(自动地). And because the Call Center has my 10 most-used phone number, I don't even have to recite the number.

　　Unlike ordinary cellular phone plans, the SOS phone doesn't have any minimum usage requirements (最低底价)or other promises that could change the price I expect to pay each month.

(1)The writer enjoys using the SOS phone because________.

[　　]

A．she is always in trouble or in danger

B．she thinks the cost of its service is reasonable

C．she needn't pay for any emergency service

D．the ordinary cellular phone can not be used in an emergency

(2)When you have an SOS phone, ________.

[　　]

A．you will get help whenever you are in an emergency

B．you will be safe wherever you are

C．you can be connected with anyone

D．you can get service from any cellular phones

(3)When you want to call home, ________.

[　　]

A．you will have to tell the operator your home phone number

B．the operator will suggest one phone number to you

C．the Call Center will pass on your words to your family

D．you'll be connected with your family with the help of an operator

(4)The writer wants to ________.

[　　]

A．tell us her experience

B．let us know she has a SOS phone

C．let us know something about the SOS phone

D．tell us she is very safe now

阅读理解

　　On Christmas Eve a few years ago an English couple received a very special telephone call. It was only a 20-second call but it was very important. The Hardens' 15-year-old daughter had disappeared six months before. On Christmas Eve she rang them.“I' m phoning to wish a happy Christmas,”she said.“I love you.”

　　Ronals and Edwine Harden were so happy that they started a special telephone service called“Alive and Well. The service helps parents to get in touch with children who have run away from home.”

　　Young people can phone “Alive and Well” and leave a message for their parents. The telephone are answered by answering machines. So no one can speak to the Child or make him return home. Parents of run-away children who are under eighteen can ask the police to bring their children home. So children do not want to tell their parents where they are. Through “Alive and Well” they can telephone their parents without worrying about this or giving out their addresses.

　　The Hardens and their helpers write down the tape-recorded telephone messages and connect the addresses given. Many of the 30,000 British teenagers who have left home are probably in London. For only two pence they can go into a telephone coin box and call their parents. They can dial5675339 and stop a parent' s worry: Is he dead or alive?

(1)The Hardens' daughter rang her parents ________.

[　　]

A．because she knew she had done something wrong

B．in order to give them her address

C．to say she was coming home soon

D．in order to comfort her worried parents

(2)At“Alive and Well”the massages are received by________.

[　　]

(3)If you rang“Alive and Well,”________.

[　　]

A．you will get the information you need

B．your information will be kept a secret

C．your message will be passed over to your parents

D．your parents will know where you are

(4)Which of the following is true? ________

[　　]

A．The Hardens received an“Alive and Well”call from their daughter before Christmas.

B．An“Alive and Well”call usually costs only two pence because it is quite near and short.

C．In this passage at least 30,000 British teenagers don' t want to live with their parents.

D．The“Alive and Well”call is far less important.