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　　Harriet Tubman was born a slave. She didn't get a 1 to go to school. 2 a child, Harriet had to work very hard in the fields 3 day. That way, her owner could make 4 money when he sold his crops. Harriet 5 think that she was being treated fairly.

　　 6 Harriet grew up, she ran away from the plantation to the northern United States. 7 and in Canada, black people could be free. Harriet liked be free. She felt 8 for all of the black people who were 9 slaves. Harriet returned to the South to help 10 slaves to run away. She made 11 that they got to the North and became free. Harriet was in great 12 because a law that had just been 13 . The law said it was not permitted to 14 run-away slaves. She also found out 15 the slave owners said they would 16 340 000 to anyone who could catch Harriet Tubman.

　　There are many stories about Harriet 17 slaves run away. In all, she made nineteen 18 back to the south and guided about 300 slaves to freedom. When the Civil War broke out, the northern 19 with the southern states. Harriet 20 the northern states because they believed that slaves should be free. She worked as a nurse and spied behind enemy lines until the northern states won the war.

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　　When I come across a good article in reading newspapers, I often want to cut and keep it. But just as I am about to do so I find the article on the 1 side is much more interesting. It may be a discussion of the way to 2 in good health, or 3 about how to behave and conduct oneself in society. If I cut the front article, the opposite one is likely to 4 damage, leaving out half of it or keeping the text 5 the title. Therefore, the scissors would 6 before they start, 7 halfway done when I find out the 8 result.

　　Sometimes two things are to be done at the same time, both worth your 9 . You can only take up one of them, the other has to wait or be 10 up. But you know the future is unpredictable. The changed situation may not allow you to do what is left 11 . Thus you are 12 in a difficult position and feel sad. How 13 that nice chances and brilliant ideas should gather around all at once? It may happen that your life 14 greatly on your preference of one choice to the other.

　　In fact that is what 15 is like: we are often 16 with the two opposite sides of a thing which are both desirable like a newspaper cutting. It often occurs that our attention is drawn to one thing only 17 we get into another. The 18 may be more important than the latter and give rise to a divided mind. I 19 remember a philosopher's remarks:“When one door shuts, another opens in life.” So a casual 20 may not be a bad one.

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　　From the earliest times men seem to have noticed the habits of insects, and to have learnt lessons from them. Ants and bees work very hard during the summer, 1 enough food to last during the winter. They give us a good example to 2 . If we waste time when the conditions are good for work, we shall probably 3 later; when we really want to work, we are 4 to do so.

　　Moths, and some other insects, cannot help flying 5 a light of any kind. The attraction seems to be too strong for them. As a result, they often 6 themselves by flying into something that is burning, such as a lighted candle. In some countries, when such insects as flying ants become a nuisance, people 7 themselves by lighting fires at the doors of their cottages. Sometimes the insects fly into the fire in such large 8 that they put it out. In literature we often find poets warning us of the danger of being attacked by 9 or beautiful things that will destroy us.

　　Butterflies are admired for their 10 , though they receive very little praise for anything else. They fly 11 in the sunshine, going from flower to flower, happy all day long, leading a life of 12 . They are beautiful, but it seems that they are not of much 13 use to anybody. Some human beings lead very much the same sort of life 14 they are butterflies of society.

　　Locusts are 15 . They are active enough, too active. They spend their time eating the food of others. 16 there are men like this, destroying things wherever they go, taking for themselves 17 belongs to others, using up everything and 18 nothing. They are human 19 .

　　Perhaps it may be said that even the worst insects have one use: they 20 us not be like them.

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　　In 1990 a report was published about what the earth might be like 20 years from then on. The report was a result of a three-year 1 .

　　According to the report, the picture of the earth in the year 2010 is not a 2 one. The world will be more 3 because the population will continue to grow. The population could be 4 6300 million, almost 2500 million more than in 1985. More people would move into cities, especially cities in 5 countries. Cities like Cairo and Jakarta probably would 6 have 15 million by then.

　　Food production will 7 , but not enough to feed all the people. Farmers will grow 90% more food than they did in 1985, 8 most of the increase would be in countries that 9 produce enough food for their people. Little increase is 10 in South Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Poor farming ways are 11 large areas of crop land, changing farms into deserts. More farmland is 12 as cities become larger and more houses are built. 13 will get worse as industrial countries burn more coal and oil. Many of the world's 14 could disappear as more and more trees are cut down. Energy will continue to be a serious problem. The experts say their picture of the earth for the year 2010 15 . They only carried out the situation that 16 today. By changing the situation, by 17 the problems, the picture can be changed. There is 18 time for the nations of the world to work 19 a plan of action. But they warned that 20 too long to make decisions would greatly reduce the chance of success.

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　　Jim ran to the tree and climbed up. The bear rushed 1 him on all fours, stood, bit Jim on his right leg and tried to 2 him down. But Jim got 3 , caught the straight branch, and stood up on the main trunk.

　　The bear caught the tree with its 4 paws and pulled itself onto the tree. To get away Jim climbed up the thin branch. The bear continued to climb, 5 to try to bite Jim's feet. Jim 6 on to the branch with his hands and, swinging his legs, 7 the bear under the chin. He knocked it right off the 8 .

　　But the bear started climbing again. When it 9 the branch, Jim delivered 10 kick. The bear almost fell 11 caught itself by biting the trunk.

　　Jim climbed the branch as 12 as he dared. It was only an inch or so 13 at that point, and it 14 dangerously, the top resting against a nearby tree. He was a good ten feet above the 15 . Standing on the trunk, the animal held the branch with its paws and again stretched toward Jim's feet, but couldn't get to them. It 16 its prey (猎物), disappointed. 17 it started to chew the branch. Wildly, Jim swung and kicked. His feet struck 18 into the bear's jaws, and it fell off the tree again.

　　The bear sat for a minute, 19 Jim. It seemed to be thinking over its next 20 .

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　　One day some 50 years ago in Shanghai an incident happened on my way to school on a bus. The bus was so 1 that I had to stand with my back 2 against the door. When it reached a stop, I had to get down first to give 3 to other passengers. I 4 expected that I should be the first to 5 again. But to my surprise, I was just about to step forward when a big and rough hand 6 me back and let a beautiful lady on. I turned and noticed that the 7 man was a young foreigner. 8 as I was to argue with him in English, still I 9 in Chinese. He must have understood my language, for he came over and 10 me down. All the passengers and onlookers (旁观者) took 11 on me and began speaking against his 12 . Before he could ask my pardon, there came a police officer, who was also a foreigner. I was taken to the police station 13 the young foreigner was set free. With great pity and strong anger, a group of onlookers 14 me there. The officer turned all the 15 upside down and I was condemned (被谴责) as a trouble-maker but not 16 to pay a fine (罚款) because of the angry 17 in the eyes of the onlookers.

　　The incident 18 me greatly. It took me many later years to understand the real 19 was that the Chinese were 20 people.

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William Shakespeare was born 400 years ago and spent his childhood in his hometown, Stratford-on-Avon. Little was 1 about his childhood though many stories are 2 , some of which may be 3 . He probably went to Grammar School at Stratford. At 13 he 4 to leave school as his father 5 some losses and became poorer for a time. So William had to 6 his own living. At the age of 18 he 7 Stratford for London, a city which was rapidly 8 . All types of people were to be 9 in it. Here Shakespeare 10 travelers, students, and scholars, and his 11 was stirred (激发) by the stories they told. He soon found some work in a 12 . Before long he became an actor and writer of plays 13 . There were a few theatres in London. One of the most famous of these was 14 the Globe. Shakespeare himself 15 one of the owners of this theatre. Shakespeare's reputation (名声) as a writer of 16 began to grow. He made 17 of the writing of others and found 18 in the old poets like Chaucer. But by his genius (天才) he 19 all these old stories into masterpieces (杰作) of his 20 . Shakespeare wrote no fewer than 27 plays in his lifetime.

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　　Toddy was working at his gas station (加油站) at night when he heard over the radio that a 1 in Long Island had been 2 by an armed man who had killed the night guard and got away with $ 150 000． “One hundred and fifty thousand,”Toddy whistled.“Here's a fellow who just 3 into a bank and helps himself 4 so much money.” Toddy thought of the 5 with which he manged to get the amount of money he 6 to start his gas station. So many papers to 7 , so much money to pay back.

　　The news 8 twenty minutes later.“The gunman had 9 a car for a ride, and then 10 out the driver. He was possibly 11 the Southern State Parkway in a white Ford. License plate (车牌) number was LJR1939.”The 12 of the announcer continued, “ 13 out for white cars. Don't pick up 14 , and all you folks in gas stations had better not do 15 to a white Ford car.”

　　Toddy stood up and 16 to see out into the cold night. It was dark but Toddy 17 the Southern State Parkway was out there. Just 18 ,Toddy saw the headlights coming at him and a car pulled in for 19 . There it was, a white Ford. He saw the 20 , LJR1939.

　　“What should I do?”Toddy had to make a quick 21 .

　　“Yes, sir?”Toddy 22 while making up his mind for sure.

　　“ 23 her up,” the man said, sounding like any other 24 .

　　When the tank (油箱) was full, Toddy quickly turned round and pointed a gun at the man.

　　“Hands up 25 get out!”

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　　Among the most popular books being written today are those which are usually classified as science fiction (幼想小说). Hundreds of 1 are published every year and are read by all kinds of people. 2 , some of the most successful films of recent years have been 3 on science fiction stories.

　　It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new 4 in literature (文学), 5 its ancestors (祖先) can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books often 6 the presentation of some form of ideal (理想的) 7 , a theme which is 8 often found in modern stories.

　　Most of the classics (名著) of science fiction, 9 , have been written within the last one hundred years. Books 10 writers, such as Jules Verne and H. G. Wells, to 11 just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages. 12 science fiction writers don't write about men from Mars of space adventure stories. They are more interested in predicting (预见) the effect of 13 progress 14 society and the human mind, or in 15 future worlds which are a 16 of the world, 17 we live in now. 18 of this their writing has obvious political undertones (含意). In an age when scientific fact frequently 19 science fiction, the writers may find it difficult to keep 20 of scientific advances.

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　　Any housewife who went to the new supermarket wished to be the lucky customer who did not have to pay for her shopping. This was what the 1 just inside the entrance 2 . It said: Remember, 3 , one of our customers gets 4 goods. THIS MAY BE YOUR LUCKY DAY!

　　For quite a long time Mrs Edwards 5 , like many of her 6 , to be the lucky customer. Unlike her friends, she never 7 hoping. The 8 in the kitchen was full of things which she did not need. Her husband tried to advise her 9 buying so many things but failed. She 10 dreamed of the DAY when the manager of the supermarket would come up to her and say, “Madam, THIS IS YOUR LUCKY DAY. Everything in your 11 doesn't need to be paid!”

　　One Friday afternoon Mrs Edwards shopped 12 . But she was not the lucky customer. No sooner had she just put the things inside her 13 than she found that she had forgotten to 14 tea. She dashed back to the 15 , got some tea and went towards the cash-desk. As she did so, she saw the manager came. Holding her hand he said, “I want to congratulate you. You are our LUCKY CUSTOMER this week! Everything you have in your basket costs nothing!”

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