阅读理解

　　In 1901, H. G. Wells, an English writer, wrote a book describing a trip to the moon. When the explorers(探险者) landed on the moon, they discovered that the moon was full of underground cities. They expressed their surprise to the“moon people”they met. In turn, the“moon people”expressed their surprise.“Why,”they asked,“are you traveling to outer space when you don't even use your inner space?”

　　H.G. Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did land on the moon. People today know that there are no underground cities on the moon. However, the question that the“moon people”asked is still an interesting one. A growing number of scientists are seriously thinking about it.

　　Underground systems are already in place. Many cities have underground car parks. In some cities, such as Tokyo, Seoul and Montreal, there are large underground shopping areas. The“Chunnel”, a tunnel(隧道) connecting England and France, is now complete.

　　But what about underground cities? Japan's Taisei Corporation is designing a network of underground systems, called“Alice Cities.”The designers imagine using surface space for public parks and using underground space for flats, offices, shopping, and so on. A solar dome(太阳能圆屋顶)would cover the whole city.

　　Supporters of underground development say that building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth's space. The surface, they say, can be used for farms, parks, gardens, and wilderness. H.G. Wells'“moon people”would agree. Would you?

1．The explorers in H.G. Well's story were surprised to find that the“moon people”_____.

[　　]

A．knew so much about the earth

B．understood their language

C．lived in so many underground cities

D．were ahead of them in space technology

2．What does the underlined word“it”(Paragraph 2) refer to?

[　　]

A．Discovering the moon's inner space.

B．Using the earth's inner space.

C．Meeting the“moon people”again.

D．Traveling to outer space.

3．What sort of underground systems are already here with us?

[　　]

A．Offices, shopping areas, power stations.

B．Tunnels, car parks, shopping areas.

C．Gardens, car parks, power stations.

D．Tunnels, gardens, offices.

4．What would be the best title for the text?

[　　]

A．Alice Cities--cities of the future

B．Space travel with H.G. Wells

C．Enjoy living underground

D．Building down, not up

阅读理解

　　Do you sometimes argue about what seems to you to be simple fact? Do you argue whether it's cold outdoors or whether the car in front of you is going faster than the speed limit?

　　If you get into such arguments，try to think about the story about the six blind men and the elephant. The first blind man who felt the elephant's trunk said it was like a snake. The second who felt the elephant's side said it was like a wall, while the third said it was like a spear as he touched the animal's tusk. The fourth, who got hold of the elephant's tail insisted that it was like a rope. The fifth man said it looked like a tree as he put his arms around one of the elephant's legs. The sixth, who was tall and got hold of the elephant's ears, said it was like a huge fan.

　　Each man's idea of the animal came from his own experience. So if someone disagrees with you about a“simple fact”, it's often because his experience in the matter is different from yours.

　　To see how hard it is for even one person to make up his mind about a“simple fact”, try this simple experiment. Get three large bowls. Put ice water in one. Put hot water in the second. Put lukewarm water in the third．Now put your left hand in the ice water. Put your right hand in the hot water. After thirty seconds, put both hands in the lukewarm water. Your right hand will tell you the water is cold. Your left hand will tell you it's hot!

1．What makes people think about simple facts differently?

[　　]

A．The fact that simple facts differ from one another.

B．The fact that people have different experience in the same simple fact.

C．The fact that people often disagree with one another.

D．The fact that it's hard to make up one's mind about simple facts.

2．Which of the following temperatures can the word“luke warm”be applied to?

[　　]

A．Around 1℃.　　　　B．Above 60℃.

C．Around 25℃.　　　 D．Below 0℃.

3．The writer's advice is _____.

[　　]

A．we should never think about simple facts

B．we should never judge something with a one-sided view

C．we should not agree about simple facts

D．we must learn from the six blind men

4．After reading the last paragraph, we may think of _____.

[　　]

A．Newton's law

B．Gallileo's theory of falling objects

C．Einstein's theory of relativity

D．Marx's On Capital

5．The main idea of this passage is _____.

[　　]

A．people often judge something according to his own experience

B．people often agree about simple facts

C．it's hard for a person to make up his mind about a simple fact

D．don't care too much about simple facts

阅读理解

　　Be careful about those who use the truth to deceive. When someone tells you something that is true，but leaves out important information that should be included，he can create a false impression.

　　For example, someone might say, “I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery(彩票). It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!”

　　This guy's a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought two hundred tickets, and only one was a winner. He's really a big loser!

　　He didn't say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose. That's called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest.

　　Untrustworthy candidates(竞选者) in political campaigns often use this tactic(策略). Let's say that during Governor Smith's last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents(对手) runs an ad saying, “During Governor Smith's term, the state lost one million jobs!”That's true. However an honest statement would have been,“During Governor Smith's term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.”Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It's against the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the truth. An ad might say,“Nine out of ten doctors recommend(推荐) Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples.”It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation.

　　This kind of deception happens too often. It's a sad fact of life: lies are lies，and sometimes the truth can lie as well.

1．Which statement is true according to the article?

[　　]

A．There is no 100-percent truth.

B．A truth is as dishonest as a lie.

C．Lies are lies, and truths are lies, too.

D．The truth can be used in dishonest ways.

2．The underlined word“deceive”is close in meaning to “_____”.

[　　]

A．pretend　　　B．hide

C．fool　　　　 D．sell

3．The best title for this passage should be _____.

[　　]

A．A Special Lie

B．How to Discover a Lie

C．Half-truths

D．White Lies

阅读理解

　　Why are so many people so afraid of failure? Quite simply because no one tells us how to fail SO that failure becomes an experience that will lead to growth. We forget that failure is part of the human condition and that every person has the right to fail.

　　Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower standards. A mother describes her child's hurriedly-made table as“perfect”! Even though it couldn't stand on uneven(not same in height) legs. Another way is to shift blame. If John fails in science, his teacher is unfair or stupid.

　　The trouble with failure-prevention methods is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time--and that it's possible to enjoy a game even when you don't win. A child who's not invited to a birthday party. who doesn't make the honor roll or the baseball team feet terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick comfort prize or say“It doesn't matter”, because it does. The young should be allowed to experience disappointment and be helped to master it.

　　Failure is never pleasurable. It hurts grown-ups and children exactly alike. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask“Why did I fail?”. Control the natural impulse(冲动) to blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong，how you can improve. If someone else can help, don't be shy about asking them.

1．This passage mainly tells us about _____.

[　　]

A．the reasons why people fail

B．how to fail

C．the ways to prevent failures

D．the importance of facing failures

2．When the writer says“everyone has the right to fail”, he means to say _____.

[　　]

A．the world is full of failures

B．no one is perfect

C．failures are quite common in our lives

D．no one can grow up mentally without failures

3．By“protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed”, the writer means that most parents try their best _____.

[　　]

A．to let their children know that they won't fail

B．not to teach their children about knowledge of failure

C．to provide their children for the knowledge against failure

D．to keep their children from realizing that they failed

4．According to the writer, _____.

[　　]

A．parents should tell their children to think nothing of not being chosen into a football team

B．children should be encouraged to get rid of disappointment all by themselves

C．parents should judge what their children have done as it is

D．children should learn to enjoy a game that they won't win

阅读理解

　　Many scientists today are sure that life exists elsewhere in the universe--life probably much like that on our planet. They reason in the following way.

　　As far as scientists can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our solar(太阳)system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.

　　Life requires the right amount and kind of atmosphere(大气层). This eliminates(排除) all those planets in the universe that are not about the same size and weight as the earth. A smaller planet would lose its atmosphere; a larger one would hold too much of it.

　　Life also requires regular supply of heat and light. This eliminates double stars, or stars that flash up suddenly. Only single stars that are regular sources of heat and light like the sun would qualify.

　　Finally, life could develop gradually only if the planet is just the right distance from its sun. With a weaker sun than our own, the planet would have to be closer to it. With a stronger sun, it would have to be farther away.

　　If we suppose that every star in the universe has a family of planets, then how many planets might support life? First, eliminate those stars that are not like our sun. Next, eliminate most of their planets; they are either too far from or too close to their suns. Then eliminate all those planets that are not the same size and weight as the earth. Finally, remember that the proper conditions do not necessarily mean that life actually does exist on a planet. It may not have begun yet, or it may have already died out.

　　This process of elimination seems to leave very few planets on which earthlike life might be found．However, even if life could exist on only one planet in a million, there are 80 many billions of planets that this would still leave a vast number on which life could exist.

1．Scientists believe that matter in different parts of the universe _____.

[　　]

A．has different laws

B．has one common law

C．shares the same laws

D．shares no common law

2．The existence of life depends on all except _____.

[　　]

A．a right amount of atmosphere

B．a right quantity of coal and oil

C．regular heat and light

D．a right distance from the sun

3．Which of the following statements is wrong?

[　　]

A．Where there's a planet like our earth，there may be life existing.

B．Proper conditions are necessary to the existence of life.

C．Double stars can provide regular light and heat.

D．A right distance between a planet and its sun is necessary for life.

4．At the end of the passage the author suggests that _____.

[　　]

A．it is impossible for life to exist on other planets

B．earthlike life could only exist on a few planets

C．life could exist on only one planet in a million

D．life could exist on a great number of planets

阅读理解

　　Do you want to know something about the history of weather? Don't look at the sky. Don't look for old weather reports. Looking at tree rings is more important. Correct weather reports date back only one century, but some trees can provide an exact record of the weather even further back.

　　It is natural that a tree would grow best in a climate with plenty of sunlight and rainfall. It is also expected that little sunlight or rainfall would limit the growth of a tree. The change from a favorable to an unfavorable climate can be determined by reading the pattern of rings in a tree trunk. To find out the weather of ten years ago，count the rings of a tree trunk from the outside to the inside. If the tenth ring is far from the other rings, then it is certain that plenty of sunny and rainy weather occurred. If the rings are close together, then the climate was bad for the tree.

　　Studying tree rings is important not only for the history of weather, but also for the history of man. In a region of New Mexico you can find only sand--no trees and no people. However, many centuries ago a large population lived there. They left suddenly. Why?

　　A scientist studied patterns of dead tree rings which had grown there. He decided that the people had to leave because they had cut down all the trees. Trees were necessary to make fires and buildings. So, after the people destroyed the trees, they had to move.

　　In this instance studying tree rings uncovered an exciting fact about the history of man.

1．It is understood that in a favorable climate _____.

[　　]

A．tree rings grow close together

B．tree rings grow far apart

C．trees in New Mexico will grow big and tall

D．people can cut down most of the trees in New Mexico

2．Why did ancient people usually live where there were plenty of trees?

[　　]

A．Trees provided them with shades.

B．Trees indicated plenty of sunlight and rainfall.

C．Trees were materials for cooking and building houses.

D．Trees provided them with fruit and food.

3．Scientists are interested in studying tree rings because they can tell _____.

[　　]

A．a lot about what happened in history

B．whether a particular tree was healthy or not

C．whether people took good care of the trees or not

D．how old the trees were

4．By studying the dead tree rings in Mexico the scientist found out _____.

[　　]

A．where the people had to go

B．what the people had to eat

C．how the people left

D．why the people had to leave

5．The people had to leave the region of New Mexico because _____.

[　　]

A．they had cut down all the trees

B．there were many trees there

C．they had no water

D．bad weather stopped the growth of trees

阅读理解

　　Culture means any human behavior that is learned in human society. All of the meaningful parts of a culture are passed on to different generations through tradition or social learning. From this viewpoint, all human groups have a culture. Culture exists in agricultural as well as industrialized societies.

　　Culture is necessary for the survival and existence of human beings as human beings. Practically everything humans know, think, value, feel, and do is learned through taking part in a sociocultural system. This statement is well supported by some well-written cases. Here is one of the cases of children growing up apart from human society. In the province of Midnapore in India，the director of a children's home was told by local villagers that there were“ghosts(鬼)”in the forest. Upon looking into the case, the director found that two children, one about eight years old and the other about six years old, appeared to have been living with a pack of wolves in the forest. These children were the ghosts described by the local people. In his diary, the director describes his first view of Kamala(as the older child was named) and Amala(the name given to the younger child):

　　[Kamala was] a terrible-looking being…the head a big ball of something covering the shoulders…. Close at its heels there came another terrible creature exactly like the first, but smaller in size. Their eyes were bright and sharp，unlike human eyes….[They were] very fond of raw meat and raw milk….Gradually, as they got stronger, they began going on all fours, and afterwards began to run on all fours…. Just like squirrels.

　　Children learn human language in the same way they learn other kinds of human behavior--by taking part in a cultural community. They learn a certain human language as well as certain kinds of human behavior through their membership in a certain cultural community.

1．From the passage we can learn that _____.

[　　]

A．human beings can develop human abilities only if they are raised by their biological parents

B．Amala and Kamala were raised in a forest by ghosts

C．human beings will not grow up human unless they are raised by human beings in human culture

D．culture refers only to the high art and classical music of a particular society

2．Who were the“ghosts”of the Midnapore forest seen by the local villagers?

[　　]

A．They were two children，Amala and Kamala，who ran on fours.

B．They were two squirrels．Amala and Kamala，who ran on fours.

C．They were two young wolves，Amala and Kamala, whose eyes were bright and sharp.

D．They were two children，Amala and Kamala, who were growing up in a children's home

3．How would you understand the description by the director“…they began going on all fours…”in his diary?

[　　]

A．They began to continue with all their four eyes.

B．They started walking with their four feet.

C．They began going with their four hands.

D．They started walking with both their hands and feet.

4．Which of the following do you think is the best title of this passage?

[　　]

A．Wolf-children

B．Cuhure and Human Behavior

C．Culture and Language Learning

D．A Director's Diary

阅读理解

　　Here are a few tips we've put together to help you learn English well.

　　Speak, speak, speak!

　　Practise speaking as often as you can--even speaking to yourself is good practice.

　　Try recording yourself whenever you can．Compare your pronunciation with the master version(版本); see how you can do better and have another go. If you do this several times, you will find that each version is better than the last.

　　Why not learn with someone else?

　　It helps if you can learn with someone else. If you can persuade a friend or family member to study with you, it will make you keep working.

　　Don't get stuck by a word you don't know.

　　Practise improvising(即兴的) ways of getting your meaning across when speaking spontaneously(本能地), even if you don't know the exact words or phrases. Think of things you might want to say whenever you have spare time. Use facial expressions, hand movements, anything to get your meaning across.

　　Language learning is also about intuition(直觉).

　　Guesswork is an important way to learn a new language. When listening to recorded material, you aren't expected to understand everything first time round. If you play the same piece several times, you will most probably understand something new each time.

　　Build up your vocabulary.

　　A wide vocabulary is the key to successful language learning but don't try to learn too much at once. It's best to study frequently, for short periods of time. Take at most six or seven items of vocabulary and learn them. Put them into sentences to fix them in your mind, then come back to them later.

　　And above ail，have fun!

1．Why should one have himself recorded when practising speaking?

[　　]

A．To improve his speaking.

B．To record his own progress.

C．To encourage others to start.

D．To compare himself with others.

2．In the writer's opinion, which of the following is the most important in learning English?

[　　]

A．Speaking.　　　　B．Pleasure.

C．Intuition.　　　 D．Vocabulary.

3．It is implied in the passage that _____ is helpful when learning English.

[　　]

A．body language

B．a good material

C．a good friend

D．a proper dictionary

4．According to the passage, one should _____ when be is learning English.

[　　]

A．always work with other people

B．be able to guess everything new

C．often review what he has learnt

D．take little notice of grammar

阅读理解

　　The kids at Shute Country Primary School in Devon are surprisingly quiet when it's time to go home in the afternoon. Instead of the usual shouting and running you can hear them asking each other,“Are the lights all off?”“Shall we check the taps in case they are dripping?”“How many paper towels did we use today?”

　　But it's not unusual here. The kids have declared a war on waste.

　　“We've never made the children do anything.”explained Liz Templar, the school's head teacher.“They came up with all the ideas themselves. They're doing this because they want to.”

　　If you take a look around the school you won't see anything thrown away unnecessarily. Everything is collected and reused, or sent to be recycled.

　　Shute School started its green revolution two years ago. They looked carefully at every part of school life--from the teaching to the cleaning. They looked at the stationery(文具) that was used--especially photocopying, the way cleaning was carried out, and how food was used--and wasted!

　　Even parents were looked at: how many children came in each car? Did they use unleaded petrol? Could they bring more children in fewer cars?

　　High on the list was the waste of paper. Next came unfriendly cleaning products. Paper towels were replaced with recycled paper, but the hardest thing for the kids was when they found out how much rubbish was created by the chocolate, crisps and other snacks(小吃) eaten at lunch time. Of their own accord(自愿地), the children gave them up. Now they bring apples and home-made snacks.

　　The school has its own garden where they grow vegetables and flowers so that they can learn about the environment. They also use this area for their recycling store--large containers to collect aluminium, bottles, paper and fabric(织物).

　　Even the school's play area is made from recycled things.

　　Since the children started, the school's heating and lighting bills have fallen obviously and the number of rubbish bags has gone down from seven a week to two or three.

　　Everywhere in Shute School there are bright posters asking everyone to take their rubbish home, to save energy and paper and to keep the green flag flying.

1．Which of the following is the major information we get from the passage?

[　　]

A．The pupils at Shute School are fighting against air pollution.

B．The pupils at Shute School are learning to save things.

C．The pupils at Shute School have declared a war on waste.

D．The pupils at Shute School have found a way to recycle waste things.

2．Children at Shute Country Primary School bring apples and home-made snacks to school in order to _____.

A．create less rubbish

B．save money

C．obey the school's rules

D．keep their promise

3．We can infer from the text that“green revolution” means _____.

[　　]

A．beautifying schoolyard

B．activity against waste

C．planting green plants

D．throwing away waste

4．What do the children think creates the most waste?

[　　]

A．Paper towels.

B．Cleaning products.

C．Snacks.

D．Paper.

5．We learn from the text that the children's behavior _____.

[　　]

A．has brought arguments

B．has saved the school's cost

C．worried their parents

D．was forced by their head teacher

阅读理解

　　In the late 1500s, a large powerful gun was placed on top of the Signal Hill, in Newfoundland, to prevent attacks from the outside. Flags were also flown there to warn sailors of bad weather. It's fitting, then, the Italian Gulielmo Marconi should have chosen this site to receive the world's first radio signal--in Morse code--from England on December 12, 1901.

　　Marconi, combining earlier ideas with his own, led us to a new communications age. For the next 50 years, until the appearance of television, radio ruled the air waves.

　　Today, it's the TV that rules. No single person can say to have invented television.

　　In 1884, the German Paul Nipkow invented a device that sent pictures mechanically, and in 1906, Boris Rosing, a Russian, used a ray and a disc to create the world's first TV system. Then in the early 1920s, another Russian, Vladimir Zworykin, invented a picture display tube. He took out a patent for color TV, even though it wouldn't be developed for another 25 years.

　　In 1924, a Scot entered the scene--John Logic Baird. He first succeeded in sending a moving picture and a year later got the first actual TV picture. In 1926, Baird showed TV in a London laboratory. Two years later in New York, Felix the Cat became the first TV star.

　　TV excited everyone's imagination, but hardly anyone had a set, with just two thousand in use worldwide in the mid-1930s.

　　Since the late 1940s, TV technology has developed very quickly. Computers may finally be combined with all televisions to give people a total all-in-one communications network.

　　Today, it's possible to sit and watch TV in the middle of a forest or in the Arctic. It's surprising when one considers that Marconi was on Signal Hill in the same century.

1．We can learn from the text that Signal Hill was once used as _____.

[　　]

A．a site of communication

B．a weather station

C．a factory to produce weapons

D．a battle field to fight enemies from the outside

2．When the writer says that today it is the TV that rules, he means that the TV _____.

[　　]

A．has led to a new communications age

B．is a major means of today's communication

C．is a device invented with ideas from Marconi

D．has replaced the radio in today's communication

3．What is the main idea of Paragraphs 4 and 5?

[　　]

A．London is the place where TV is invented.

B．John Logie Baird was the chief inventor of television.

C．A number of people contributed to the invention of television.

D．Russian scientists played an important role in the invention of television.

4．The writer believes that the day will come when _____.

[　　]

A．the future computers will be able to do the work TV is now doing

B．the future computers will become available to every one in the world

C．the future computers will be connected to create one international network

D．the future computers will take the place of televisions and radios

5．Which of the following would the writer probably agree with?

[　　]

A．Rarely do people listen to the radio nowadays.

B．Radios and televisions will disappear completely in the near future.

C．Radio and television communications developed surprisingly fast in the 20th century.

D．Marconi contributed a great deal to the development of computer communication.