Escaping a fire is a serious matter, knowing what to do during a fire can save a life. It is important to know the way you can use and show them to everyone in the family, such as stairs and lire escapes, but not lifts. From the lower floors of building, escape through windows is possible. Learn tile best way of leaving by window with the least chance of serious injury.

　　The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground. A person of average height, hanging by the fingertips will have a drop of about 6 feet to the ground. It is about the height of an average man. Of course, it is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building.

　　Windows are also very useful when you are waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door closed before opening the window. Otherwise, smoke and fire may be drawn into the room. Keep your head low at the window to be sure you get enough fresh air rather than smoke that may have leaked into the room.

　　On a second or third floor, the best windows for escape are those which open onto a roof. From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely. Dropping onto the cement might end in injury. Bushes and grass can help to break a fall.

(1) Which of the following people seldom use when trying to escape a fire?

[　　]

(2) How far from the ground is the second floor window?

[　　]

A．About 12 feet.

B．About 3 feet.

C．Nearly 10 feet.

D．About theheight of an average man.

(3) According to the passage, windows are_______ of escaping a fire.

[　　]

A．the only way

B．the best way

C．safer than any other ways

D．one of the many possible ways

(4) The writer tells us that________.

[　　]

A．breathing in smoke might be harmful

B．smoke will enter the room by an open window

C．fresh air can't reach the second floor

D．to keep your head low will help you escape a fire

(5) If you are on the ground floor when a fire break out, you'd better drop________.

[　　]

A．directly onto the ground

B．first onto a roof and then onto the cement

C．first onto a roof and then onto bushes or grass

D．onto the cement rather than bushes or grass

   What do we think with? Only the blain? Hardly. The brain is a telephone exchange. It is the switchboard（电话总机）, but not the whole system. Its function（功能）is to receive incoming signals, make proper connections, and send the messages through to their destination（目的地）. For efficient（有效的）service, the body must function as a whole.

　　But where is the“mind”? Is it in the brain? Or perhaps in the nervous system. After all, can we say that the mind is in any particular place? It is not a thing, like a leg, or even the brain. It is a function, an activity. Aristotle, twenty-three hundred years ago, observed that the mind was to the body what cutting was to the ax（斧）. When the ax is not in use, there is no cutting. So with the mind.“Mind,” said Charles H. Woolbert,“is what the body is doing.”

　　If this activity is necessary for thinking, it is also necessary for carrying thought from one person to another. Observe how people go about the business of ordinary conversation. If you have never done this painstakingly, you have a surprise in store, for good conversationalists are almost constantly in motion. Their heads are continually nodding and shaking sometimes so vigorously（有力的）that you wonder how their necks can stand the strain（拉紧）.

　　Even the legs and feet are active. As for the hands and arms, they are seldom still for more than a few seconds at a time.

　　These people, remember, are not making speeches. They are merely common folk trying to make others understand what they have in mind. They are not conscious of（意识到）movement. Their speech is not studied. They are just human creatures in a human environment, trying to adapt（适应）themselves to a social situation. Yet they talk, not only with oral language, but with visible actions that involve（包括）practically every muscle in the body.

　　In short, because people really think all over, a speaker must talk all over if he succeeds in making people think.

(1) Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

[　　]

(2) Which of the following statements would the author agree with?

[　　]

A．Thinking is social phenomenon.

B．Thinking is only a brain function.

C．Thinking is a function of the nervous system.

D．Thinking is the stun total of bodily activity.

(3) In communication, it is necessary not only to employ speech, but also _________.

[　　]

A．to speak directly to the other person

B．to employ a variety of bodily movements

C．to be, certain that the other person is listening

D．to pay great attention to the other person's actions

(4) It can be inferred from the passage that the basic function of bodily activity' in speech is to________.

[　　]

A．make the listener feel moved

B．make the speaker understood

C．emphasize the speaker's spoken words

D．pass the speaker's implied meaning to the listener

(5) Which of the following is TRUE?

[　　]

A．The brain is compared to a telephone exchange.

B．The mind is an activity of the nervous system.

C．Some people remain still while talking to others.

D．Many people move their bodies on purpose while talking.

　　Rodney Mace, 35, is married with two young children, and is a part-time teacher of history,“I am constantly surprised by other people's surprise, when they come to the house and see me cleaning the floor or hanging out the washing. Their eyes open wide at the sight of it! Much of the comment comes from men. But I am even more surprised at the number of women who comment too.”

　　His wife Jane, an Oxford graduate in modern languages, has a demanding full-time job. She is director of the Cambridge House literacy scheme for adults in South London. Her working week involves several evenings and Saturdays, and at this time her husband is in charge of home and family. Apart from this, they share household jobs and employ a child-minder for the afternoons. This enables him to teach two days a week and to do what he considers his principal work. writing. He has written several books and spends much of his time in the Museum Reading Room, cycling there from his home in Brixton.

　　People ask the Maces if they think their children miss them. One can argue that satisfied parents generally have satisfied children, but in any case the Maces are careful to spare time and energy to play with their children.“And they have now developed relationships with other adults and children.”

　　Before, Rodney Mace worked full-time and Jane only part-time. Then 18 months ago, the director of the literacy scheme left.“It seems to me that Jane was very well suited to do this job. She was very doubtful about it. But I asked her to apply. She did, and she got it.”Jane Mace says that she needed this encouragement, as so many women do.

　　Did his male ego（男性自我意识）suffer from the change-over? Nothing like that occurred. But he still seems amazed at the way it changed his thinking.“I felt that we were finally going to be partners. I felt enormous relief, I wasn't avoiding responsibility, but changing it. Our relationship is so much better now. It has been a change for the good for both of us-- think for all of us, in every aspect of our lives. I cannot overemphasize（过分强调）that: in every aspect, I think it is necessary that the woman works. The idea of equal partnership is an illusion if one partner doesn't work.”

(1)The article is about a couple whose married life is happier because ________.

[　　]

A．they have a truly equal partnership

B．the husband enjoys staying at home

C．they earn more money

D．the wife has a full-time job

(2)Jane finally decided to apply for her present job because ________.

[　　]

A．she thought she had better qualification than others

B．her husband had persuaded her to

C．it was very well paid

D．some of her friends encouraged her to

(3)It is implied in the passage that ________.

[　　]

A．the Maces believe a good career is even more important than their family life

B．Rodney's children are quite happy with their position in the family

C．even capable women sometimes need encouragement from their families

D．the practice of sharing household jobs between husband and wife is common in London

(4)We can infer from this passage that a change-over of roles in the family ________.

[　　]

A．is quite necessary in modern life

B．is probably based on some practical reasons

C．aims mainly at a complete liberation of women

D．shows women are not necessarily inferior（低下）to men

(5)Which of the following statements is true?

[　　]

A．Most Englishmen think that a husband should do more housework than a wife.

B．In London the traditional idea about the sex role at home has been completely changed.

C．Many Englishmen and Englishwomen still believe that women are mainly in charge of home and family.

D．English people believe that men should take more responsibilities for housework.

　　Since many of you are planning to study at a college or university in this country, you may be curious to know what you usually do in a typical week, how you can get along with your fellow students, and so on. These are the questions I want to discuss with you today.

　　First, let's talk about what your weekly schedule will look like. No matter what your major may be, you can expect to spend between four and six hours a week for each class attending lectures. Lectures are usually in very large rooms because some courses such as introduction to sociology or economics often have as many as two or three hundred students, especially at large universities. In lectures, it's very important for you to take notes on what the professor says because the information in a lecture is often different from the information in your textbooks. Also, you can expect to have exam questions based on the lectures. So it isn't enough to just read your textbooks; you have to attend lectures as well. In a typical week you will also have a couple of hours of discussion for every class you take. The discussion section is a small group meeting usually with fewer than thirty students where you can ask questions about the lectures, the reading, and the homework. In large universities, graduate students, called teaching assistants, usually direct discussion sections.

　　If your major is chemistry, or physics, or another science, you'll also have to spend several hours a week in the lab, or laboratory, doing experiments. This means that science majors spend more time in the classroom than nonscience majors do. On the other hand, people who major in subjects like literature or history usually have to read and write more than science majors do.

(1)The main purpose of this text is ________.

[　　]

A．to help the students to learn about university life

B．to persuade the students to attend lectures

C．to encourage the students to take part in discussions

D．to advise the students to choose proper majors

(2)We can learn from the passage that university professors ________.

[　　]

A．spend about 5 hours on lectures each week

B．must join the students in the discussion sections

C．prefer to use textbooks in their lectures

D．require the students to read beyond the textbooks

(3)A discussion section does NOT include ________.

[　　]

A．working under the guidance of university professors

B．talking over what the students have read about the courses

C．discussing the problems related to the students' homework

D．raising questions about what a professor has said in a lecture

(4)According to the author, science majors ________.

[　　]

A．have to work harder than non-science majors

B．spend less time on their studies than non-science majors

C．consider experiments more important than discussions

D．read and write less than non-science majors

　　We know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time. They move for different reasons: most of them move to find food more easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded.

　　When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration（迁移）is probably the migration of the fish, which is called“salmon”. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends its life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies there. In northern Europe, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their mountain homes when they become too crowded. They move down to the low land. Sometimes they move all the way to the seaside, and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea.

　　Recently, scientists have studied the migration of a kind of lobster（龙虾）. Every year, when the season of bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean. Nobody knows why they do this, and nobody knows where they go.

　　So, sometimes we know why humans and animals move from one place to another, but at other time we don't. Maybe living things just like to travel.

(1)Most animals move from one place to another at a certain time to ________.

[　　]

(2)The fish called“salmon”spends a long life in ________.

[　　]

(3)The mice in northern Europe move when ________.

[　　]

(4)What is the main idea of the passage? ________

[　　]

A．Animals move in order to find food more easily.

B．The migration of the fish called“salmon”is the most famous migration.

C．Living things move from one place to another because they like to travel.

D．Sometimes we know why and how living things move from one place to another, but sometimes we don't.

　　About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table. I couldn't help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked.“So, how have you been?”And the boy--who could not have been more than seven or eight years old--replied, “Frankly, I've been feeling a little depressed lately.”

　　This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed（确认）my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn't find out we were“depressed”, that is, in low spirits, until we were in high school.

　　Undoubtedly a change in children has increased steadily（稳定地）in recent years. Children don't seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.

　　Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists. Why?

　　Human development depends not only on born biological states, but also on patterns of gaining social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves（涉及）learning the secrets of the new social positions. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages; traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.

　　In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation machine has been equipped in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information to all viewers alike, whether they are children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation（诱惑）, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more attractive moving pictures.

　　Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information which children will gain. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.

(1)According to the author, feeling depressed is ________.

[　　]

A．a sure sign of a disease in a child

B．a mental state present in all humans, including children

C．something that cannot be avoided in children's early mental development

D．something that shouldn't be expected in a young child

(2)Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world ________.

[　　]

A．through connection with society

B．gradually and under guidance

C．naturally without being taught

D．by watching television

(3)According to the author, that today's children seem adultlike results from ________.

[　　]

A．the widespread influence of television

B．the poor arrangement of teaching contents

C．the fast pace of human scientific development

D．the rising standard of living

(4)What does the author think of communication through print for children? ________

[　　]

A．It enables children to gain more social information.

B．It develops children's interest in reading and writing.

C．It helps children to read and write well.

D．It can control what children are to learn.

(5)What does the author think of the change in today's children? ________

[　　]

A．He feels their adultlike behavior is so funny.

B．He thinks the change worthy of note.

C．He considers it a rapid development.

D．He seems to be satisfied with it.