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　　Everybody knows Charlie Chaplin, a world?famous funny actor．People 　　1　　 have laughed at Charlie Chaplin’s films 　　2　　 tears run down their faces．From his very first 　　3　　 they know what will happen．The little man is always with black moustache, wide?open eyes, round black hat and 　　4　　 too large for his feet．He’ll 　　5　　 through snow, and fall from windows．He’ll fight men who are twice his 　　6　　, fall in love with women, who 　　7　　 notice him and try to hug(拥抱)them．

　　The poor man that Charlie Chaplin 　　8　　 in dozens of films makes all kinds of stupid mistakes．He is always in 　　9　　, but he never 　　10　　．He dreams of becominga great man．

　　Even people who 　　11　　 understand English can 　　12　　 Chaplin’s films, because they are mostly 　　13　　．It isn’t what he 　　14　　 that makes people laugh．His comedy(喜剧)doesn’t depend on words．It depends on little 　　15　　 which mean the 　　16　　 thing to people all over the world．

　　Chaplin raises his thick eyebrows or rolls his eyes．He hides behind a fat lady or under a table to escape from his 　　17　　．He dresses well and pretends to be a 　　18　　 and important man．It is all so hopeless and 　　19　　 that he makes us laugh．This is the 　　20　　 of Chaplin’s huge success．

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　　A little boy invited his mother to attend his school’s first teacher parent meeting．To the little boy’s 　　1　　, she said she would go．This 　　2　　 be the first time that his classmates and teacher 　　3　　 his mother and he felt 　　4　　 of her appearance．Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a severe scar(疤痕)that 　　5　　 nearly the entire right side of her face．The boy never wanted to 　　6　　 why or how she got the scar．

　　At the meeting, the people were 　　7　　 by the kindness and natural beauty of his mother 　　8　　 the car, but the little boy was still embarrassed(尴尬)and 　　9　　 himself from everyone．He did, however, get within 　　10　　 of a conversation between his mother and his teacher．The teacher asked 　　11　　, “How did you get the scar on your face?”

　　The mother replied, “　　12　　 my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire．Everyone was 　　13　　 afraid to go in because the fire was 　　14　　, so I went in．As I was running toward his bed, I saw a long piece of wood coming down and I placed myself over him trying to protect him．I was knocked 　　15　　, but fortunately, a fireman came in and saved both of us．” She 　　16　　 the burned side of her face．“This scar will be 　　17　　, but to this day, I have never 　　18　　 what I did．”

　　At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with tears in his eyes．He held her in his arms and felt a great 　　19　　 of the sacrifice(牺牲)that his mother had made for him．He held her hand 　　20　　 for the rest of the day．

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　　Though pyramids are found in Egypt, the word “pyramid” comes from the Greek language 　　1　　 the Greeks first arrived in Egypt long ago, they found many grand stone 　　2　　 which they named “pyramids”．The Greeks wondered 　　3　　 the Egyptians had built the great pyramids, but they could not find the 　　4　　, and even now we still don’t know exactly how．

　　It is 　　5　　 in many ancient books written in Arabic and found in Egypt that the Egyptians 　　6　　 life after death．When a person 　　7　　, his family or friends placed the things near his body which they thought he might need．Emperors or kings had great 　　8　　, so their bodies were kept inside the great pyramids, and they had had them built for many years even while they were 　　9　　．

　　The Great Pyramid, which was 482 feet high and 　　10　　 two square kilometers of land, was built for King Khufu with 2 300 000 blocks of large stones, the smallest of which even 　　11　　 over 2500 kilograms, as 　　12　　 as a car．

　　How the ancient Egyptians 　　13　　, moved and lifted such heavy stones without modern machines has always remained a great 　　14　　 to present scholars．Perhaps these stones were taken across the Nile in boats at 　　15　　 time．Maybe they were moved on rollers(滚筒)using slipper Nile mud on land and 　　16　　 up along sloping(倾斜的)roads to the sides of the pyramids．It is still a great 　　17　　 that the stones 　　18　　 together so well that even a straight knife cannot be pushed between them．

　　Century after century, strong winds have been 　　19　　 yellow sand around the pyramids．Different rulers have come and gone．Everything seems to 　　20　　 except the pyramids．They have remained a 5000-year-old mystery in silence．

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　　The earliest men did not have much time for art;they faced many dangers, and hunting for food took 　　1　　 almost all their time．But after many thousands of years perhaps a million years or more they became very good hunters, and 　　2　　 gave them a little free time which they could use for other things．A few of them began to paint on the walls of the caves 　　3　　 they lived．Many early artists painted animals, 　　4　　 these were the most important things in their lives．Animals supplied 　　5　　 to keep them living, and skins to keep them 　　6　　．

　　Like painters 　　7　　, the early artists possibly painted for many 　　8　　．Perhaps they wanted to give their cave a little brightness and color;perhaps they had a few special ideas which they could 　　9　　 most easily in a painting;perhaps they 　　10　　 wanted to spend a little time in a pleasant way．Many of them believed in magic(巫术), and they often drew animals which were caught．They hoped that by drawing these things, they would make them really appear．

　　People have discovered cave paintings in many parts of the world．The earliest that we know about are in Europe．Because of the cool weather, the early men in Europe used the caves for shelter(隐蔽处);in many warmer parts of the world this was not necessary．We know quite a lot about the dates of the European paintings, and we believe that the earliest ones were painted about thirty thousand years ago．

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　　I was six when I joined my father and two elder brothers at sunrise in the fields of Eufaula, Okla．　　1　　 the time I was eight, I was helping Dad fix up old furniture．He gave me a cent for every nail I 　　2　　 out of old boards．

　　I got my first 　　3　　 job, at JM’s Restaurant in town, when I was 12．My main responsibilities(职责)were 　　4　　 tables and washing dishes, 　　5　　 sometimes I helped cook．

　　Every day after school I would 　　6　　 to JM’s and work until ten．Even on Saturdays I 　　7　　 from two until eleven．At that age it was difficult going to work and 　　8　　 my friends run off to swim or play．I didn’t necessarily like work, but I loved what working 　　9　　 me to have．Because of my 　　10　　 I was always the one buying when my friends and I went to the local Tastee Freez．This made me 　　11　　．

　　Words that I was trust-worthy and hard-working 　　12　　 around town．A local clothing store offered me credit(赊账)　　13　　 I was only in seventh grade．I immediately 　　14　　 a ＄68 sports coat and a ＄22 pair of shoes．I was 　　15　　 only 65 cents an hour, and I already owed the storekeeper ＄90!So I learned 　　16　　 the danger of easy credit．I paid it 　　17　　 as soon as I could．

　　My first job taught me self-control, responsibility and brought me a 　　18　　 of personal satisfaction few of my friends had experienced．As my father, 　　19　　 worked three jobs once told me, “If you 　　20　　 sacrifice(奉献)and responsibility, there are not many things in life you can’t have．” How right he was．

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　　The Grand Ole Opry, in Nashiville, Tennessee, has always been America’s most important concert hall for country music．Every Saturday night the place is filled to the ceiling with country music 　　1　　．

　　One 　　2　　 in January 1967, it was a very 　　3　　 night at the Opry．For the first time, a 　　4　　 man was an attraction．　　5　　 music had always been thought of as “white music”．For many, it was a strange 　　6　　 to see Charley Pride step 　　7　　 the Opry stage．Some people left 　　8　　 about whether a black man could sing country songs．　　9　　 Charley’s smooth voice quickly 　　10　　 over the Opry 　　11　　．Charley was so good that before long, he was country music’s biggest 　　12　　．

　　Like many country singers, Charley was 　　13　　 on a farm．He spent his youth milking cows and picking cotton．But he knew he wasn’t going to make 　　14　　 his career．Later he became a baseball player．

　　Charley made it to a major league team．But he didn’t stay on for more than one reason．

　　In the winter, after the baseball season, Charley 　　15　　 at a local nightclub．One evening, Red Sovine, a great country music star, 　　16　　 Charley to sing．Red told Charley to forget about 　　17　　 and go for a singing career．

　　Charley took the 　　18　　 and became a true hitmaker．His 　　19　　 were always near the top on the list．Some were Number One all over the country．

　　Today Charley Pride is 　　20　　 one of the biggest stars in country music．But he says his real wish is to own a baseball team．

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　　Pop is short for popular, and popular means “ of or for the people”．The Pop Revolution(革命)of the 1960s changed the pattern(方式)of English life．And Pop has become part of British life．And Pop has become part of British and 　　1　　 history．There has always been a close cultural link, or tie, between British and English-speaking America, not only in literature but also in the popular arts, especially music．Before the Second World War the Americans exported(出口)jazz and the blues．During the 1920s they exported rock and roll, and star 　　2　　 like Elvis Presley were 　　3　　 by both British and American young people．Then in the early 1960s a new 　　4　　 was heard, very different from anything that had so far come from the American side of the 　　5　　．This was the Liverpool “beat”．Four Liverpool boys 　　6　　 together in a group and called themselves “The Beatles”．They played in small clubs in the back streets of Liverpool．The Beatles wrote their own words and music．They had a close 　　7　　 relationship with their audience, and they 　　8　　 them to join in and dance to the “beat” of the 　　9　　．Then, almost overnight, Liverpool became world famous as the 　　10　　 of the new pop culture, which, in a few years, 　　11　　 across Britain and across most of the countries of the western world．Some pop groups, especially the Rolling Stones, wrote words which brought about rather strong 　　12　　．They showed anger and bitterness(怨愤)of youth struggling for freedom．The Beatles finally 　　13　　 the admiration(崇拜)of people of all ages and social backgrounds．As they 　　14　　, their songs became some serious．They wrote not only of love, but old death and old age and daily life．They were 　　15　　 and respected by many well-educated people and by some 　　16　　 musicians．As a Music 　　17　　, the Beatles got along for only about ten years, but their 　　18　　 in the social history of Britain will surely be lasting forever．

　　The influence(影响)of Britain pop in America was great．American pop groups soon became as 　　19　　 as Britain groups．Both British and Americans are experimenting new 　　20　　, and pop is developing and changing．

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Most of us have 　　1　　 of virtual reality(or VR)because of computer games, and you may have seen films like The Matrix which 　　2　　 their plot on VR．But fewer people are aware of how VR affects our lives in more serious 　　3　　．One of the commonest 　　4　　 of VR is in medicine．Scientists have 　　5　　 to build VR machines which can 　　6　　 to train doctors 　　7　　 surgical(外科的)techniques, but VR is also used in the operating theatre itself．For children who are 　　8　　 ill in hospital, there is now a VR game network that links seven hospitals．The children have a lot of fun but, apart from that, research has 　　9　　 that the system helps to reduce their pain and 　　10　　．We can expect VR to become more and more a part of our lives．

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　　He has been called the “missing link”．Half-man, half-beast．He is supposed to live in the highest mountain in the world－Mount Everest．

　　He is known as the Abominable Snowman．The 　　1　　 of the Snowman has been around for 　　2　　．Climbers in the 1920s reported finding marks like those of human feet high up on the side of Mount Everest．The native people said they 　　3　　 this creature and called it the “Yeti”, and they said that they had 　　4　　 caught Yetis on two occasions 　　5　　 none has ever been produced as evidence(证据)．

　　Over the years, the story of the Yetis has 　　6　　．In 1951, Eric Shipton took photographs of a set of tracks in the snow of Everest．Shipton believed that they were not 　　7　　 the tracks of a monkey or bear and 　　8　　 that the Abominable Snowman might really 　　9　　．

　　Further efforts have been made to find out about Yetis．But the only things people have ever found were 　　10　　 footprints．Most believe the footprints are nothing more than 　　11　　 animal tracks, which had been made 　　12　　 as they melted(融化)and refroze in the snow．　　13　　, in 1964, a Russian scientist said that the Abominable Snowman was 　　14　　 and was a remaining link with the prehistoric humans．But, 　　15　　, ?no evidence has ever 　　16　　 been produced．

　　These days, only a few people continue to take the story of the Abominable Snowman 　　17　　．But if they ever 　　18　　 catching one, they may face a real 　　19　　, would they put it in a 　　20　　 or give it a room in a hotel?

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　　It’s back-to-school time again．In the morning you wave goodbye, and that 　　1　　 evening you’re burning the late-night oil in sympathy(同情)．In the race to improve educational standards, 　　2　　 are throwing the books at kids．Even primary school students are complaining of homework 　　3　　．What’s a well-meaning(好心的)parent to do?

　　As hard as it may be, sit back and keep cool; experts 　　4　　．Though you’ve got to get them to do it, by helping too much, or even examining answers too carefully, you may keep them from doing it by themselves．“I wouldn’t advise a parent to check every single exercise,” says psychologist(心理学家)John Rosemond, author of Ending the Tough Homework．“There’s a lack of understanding for trial and error(错误)．Let your children 　　5　　 the grade they are worthy of．”

　　Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink about their exercises, but don’t want them to feel it has to be 　　6　　．

　　That’s not to say parents should pay no attention to 　　7　　－first, they should monitor how much homework their kids 　　8　　．Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary(基础)years and an hour in 　　9　　 four, five, and six are standards．For junior-high students it should be no more than an hour and a half, and two for high-school students．If your child always has more homework than this, you may check with other 　　10　　 and then talk to the teacher about reducing homework．