阅读理解

　　It’s a big decision to study a long way from home．But you can be sure of plenty of support in the UK, Universities and colleges look after their students．There are personal tutors, study skills counselors(辅导员)and financial advisers to help with any problems．

　　Many institutions also have international student advisers．You can contact them with any questions before you come; they will probably arrange a transport service from major airports for arriving students and will organize welcome events．You can also go to see them at any time during your course．For students with families, child care facilities(设施)are often provided at reasonable cost．

　　It’s not compulsory to use any of these services．If you are independent and have no problems, they won’t come knocking on your door!But it can be comforting to know that they are there．

　　Campuses are safe places to live, as in general are most UK towns．As with anywhere else, there are areas in some cities best avoided after dark but you will be advised on this．Universities and colleges make sure student residences(居住地)are safe, and at most places transport is provided at night for women students．

　　You will be able to take part in a range of social and sporting activities．There are team and individual sports at all levels; and clubs and societies to cover any interest from drama to politics, water sports to games, debating to voluntary social work．The students unions arrange discos and run pubs, bars and eating-places．Clubs are run by students for students and are always well advertised at the beginning of the academic year．Joining one or two societies is a great way to meet other students from Britain and other countries．

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　　A good hearing memory will help your child do better in school．Your child's hearing ability is normal．Yet, he may seem to be very poor at remembering and understanding what he' s heard at school．

　　Why should this be?It's because he's not using his hearing ability to help him remember and understand what he's been taught．

　　Some children get into the habit of learning and remembering things by what they hear．They've got good hearing memories．Other children find it easier to learn and remember things by what they see．They've got good seeing memories．Some children have equally good ability at both seeing and hearing in learning things．Others, less fortunate, seem to have poor hearing and seeing memories．Most children, I'd say, unknowingly prefer one method over the other for learning and remembering．But this favoring of one sense over the other is a bad habit and deprives(使……不能)the child of the full use of his natural senses．Mrs．Alien was clearly incredulous when I told her there was nothing wrong with her son' s hearing．"But he never seems to really understand what he hears, that's what his teachers tell me," she said．

　　“My psychological examination of William shows he's weak in his hearing memory,”I said,“but he has perfectly normal intelligence and can learn in school．”

　　“Our family doctor examined William and he says the boy' s hearing was all right．So, that proves you're right on that point,”admitted Mrs．Alien．“So how can we help him?My husband and I will do anything you say, Dr．Dursteln．”

　　“You can do a lot to improve William’s hearing memory, but it'll take time．You must be patient and not expect results immediately．”I cautioned．I suggested a detailed program for the parents to use at home．I told Mrs．Alien to come back and see me every two weeks so that I could guide her in any problem she had in using my program．

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阅读理解

　　Dr．Hausman is a hair detective．Once a mountain lion killed a thirteen-year-old boy．The town offered a reward of thousand dollars for anyone who would kill the lion．

　　One day an excited hunter came to the town to say that he had killed the mountain lion．As proof that he had killed the right animal, he showed a ball of human hair．He said he had taken the hair from the stomach of the mountain lion．

　　However, another hunter soon showed up to claim(索要)the reward．He too had a ball of human hair that he said he had taken from the dead lion' s stomach．The town did not know which man to pay．Maybe neither one had killed the right mountain lion．To settle the argument, they decided to turn the whole thing over to Dr．Hausman．

　　Dr．Hausman studied the hair and reported that the second hunter should be paid．The hair in the stomach of the mountain lion he had killed matched the hair of the boy．The whole town was relieved to know for sure that the killer had been found．

　　There are other kinds of detectives who do not wear a uniform, like Hausman, solve endless mysteries every year．There is, for example, the dust detective．Tiny bits of dust stick to your clothes, your fingernails, your hair, or your shoes．They catch in your nose and in your ears．They tell where you have been and what you have done lately．The dust detective often helps catch a criminal by proving that he has been on the scene of the crime(罪案)．

　　Then there is the wood detective．By studying a piece of wood he can tell what kind of tree the piece of wood came from．He can tell where it was grown, and how old it is．He can even tell you what the weather was like at a certain place the year Columbus landed in America．The growth rings on a tree tell him．

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　　Many people will remember the flight of the space shuttle(航天飞机)Challenger, in June, 1993．The achievement of Sally Ride, America’s first woman astronaut to fly into space, made this flight especially memorable．Students from two Camden, New Jersey, high schools, however, are probably to remember Norma rather than Sally whenever they think about the flight．

　　Norma didn’t travel alone．She brought about 100 companions along with her．Norma was an ant, a queen ant who, with her subject, made up the first and colony(群体)to travel into space .The ants were part of a science experiment designed by the students to test the effects of weightlessness on insects．

　　The equipment designed by the students for their colony functioned perfectly throughout the long space trip．The young scientists and their teachers were very sad to find that their insect astronauts had all died at some point before the container was returned to the school and opened .The problem did not occur in space, but on the ground after Challenger had landed．The container remained in the desert for nearly a week before the ant colony was removed．The hot, dry desert air dried out the colony’s container and the ants died from lack of moisture(水分)．

　　The project was termed a success because it did provide useful information．Students will continue their efforts to find out exactly what went wrong．They will try to prevent the same difficulties from recurring on future missions．They don’t want to be discouraged either by the death of the ants or by the $10,000 shuttle fare they will have to pay to send the next colony of ants into space．

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阅读理解

　　In China, if you are not married by the time you are 30, you are in for trouble：social blame, pressure from family and friends can get you down．And if you are a woman, it’s even worse．

　　Many young people get married simply to get other people off their backs .This is a serious compromise(妥协)with their ideals(理想)．One ends up not marrying the ideal partner．

　　There are, however, a few young people who refuse to compromise：if they can’t find a good marriage partner, they say, they would rather not marry at all．

　　34-year-old Wang is a university lecturer in English .She says she would not describe herself as bachelorette(独身主义者)but simply a woman who hasn’t come across the right man yet .She has sharp comments for the way in which the old generation looks at marriage．

　　“Many people think marriage is a duty to your parents, family and society．Nobody cares if your marriage is happy or not.”She said,“I think this is very wrong .I intend to live and act according to my own will．”

　　Happily for her, her parents are open-minded and never put pressure on her．But the same does not apply to her friends．They are constantly trying to get her together with some young man or another .She always refuses politely．

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Dear Sir

　　I’m interested in the furnished(备有家具的)house near Dedham which you made known in yesterday’s paper, for my husband and I are coming to England in June and need accommodation(住所)for three months .Would you please tell me exactly where it is and give me details(细目)of bus and train services in the area ？We need a house on a busy street .And I would also like to know about the local(当地的)shops .Do the local shops still supply?I know they did ten years ago．

　　I would be thankful also if you would tell me whether you supply sheets etc, and whether a laundry(洗衣房)calls at the house .The rent(房租)you ask sounds reasonable for the size of the house .How do you like it paid?Weekly, monthly or in advance(提前)？

　　I would be thankful for an early reply．

Yours,

Pamda Smith

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阅读理解：

　　Many sports need the services of one or more referees(裁判).You will find, for example, referees in swimming, diving, competitions, football, skating, basketball, and tennis, among others .The referee’s judgment, no matter what the sport is, can make the difference between winning and losing．

　　When a decision is announced, one can often hear loud cheering from the spectators(观众).Sometimes the people don’t agree with the decision．Usually, however, no matter what the people think, the decision of the judge is final．With the instant(即时的)replay television viewers often get a second chance to watch the special sports moments .Should the camera help the referees in making their decisions?Some people think so .The Japanese have been using the television instant replay in one of their sports for some time．

　　In Japan, where sumo wrestling is thought by many to be the national sport, a wrestler named Taiho was trying to break Futabayama’s record of 69 victories .In the 46th match, Futabayama was declared the winner by mistake because the judges had not seen the wrestler’s foot leave the circle．

　　Soon after the mistake, the people said that they had a right to see the match end with the correct winners since they had paid as much as $ 375 for a ringside seat .Now cameras record the actions of wrestlers .The camera is the most important referee of all .If a man or a woman makes a mistake in judgment, the camera will correct it, and the instant replay will let everyone know it .The right winner will win．

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　　The vegetable broccoli has a natural substance(物质)that may prevent some kinds of cancer．

　　Recently, American scientists reported that not all broccoli is equal in fighting cancer．The scientists examined different kinds of broccoli plants．They attempted to activate(激活)an enzyme(酶)in the plants that may protect against some cancers．

　　The scientists discovered major differences among the broccoli tested．Some plants had very little of the cancer-fighting substance．Other plants had large amounts of the substance．The Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science(园艺学)published the findings．

　　Early studies have shown that people who eat vegetables like broccoli have lower rates of colon(结肠)and rectal(直肠)cancers．Broccoli plants and young seedlings(苗)have a chemical called glucoraphanin．They also contain a product of the chemical, called sulforaphane．Sulforaphanin causes the production of enzymes that slow the growth of cancer tumors(肿瘤)in laboratory animals．

　　Scientists at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland discovered the cancer fighting agent in broccoli nine years ago．Johns Hopkinns scientists joined with the United States Agricultural Research Service to organize the new study．A few years ago, the Research Service’s Vegetable Laboratory in Charleston, South Carolina grew more than seventy kinds of broccoli．The scientists then examined the chemicals each plant．

　　They observed extreme differences in glucoraphanin levels and the activity of enzymes in the broccoli tested．Some kinds of broccoli had very small amounts of the chemical．However, others had levels about thirty times greater．

　　Scientists want to learn more about the different levels of glucoraphanin and sulforaphane in broccoli plants．They hope new kinds of broccoli with the greater levels of the protective substances．They say eating such improved broccoli might result in more effective, natural defenses against cancer．

　　American doctors say eating fruits and vegetables, including broccoli, is important for health．

　　The National Cancer Institute says people should eat at least five servings(份)of fruits and vegetables everyday．

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阅读理解

　　The first newspapers were written by hand and put up on walls in public place．The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 BC．In the 700’s the world’s first printed newspaper was published．Europe didn’t have a regularly published newspaper until 1609, when one was started in Germany．

　　The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam in 1620．In 1621, an English newspaper was started in London and was published once a week．The first daily English newspaper was the Daily Courant(每日新闻)．It came out in March 1702．

　　In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston．But not long after it was first published, the government stopped the paper．In 1704, John Campbell started The Boston Newsletter(波斯顿新闻通讯), the first newspaper published in the American colonies．By 1760, the colonies had more than thirty daily newspapers．There are now about 1,800 daily papers in the United States．

　　Today, as a group, English language newspapers have the largest circulation(发行量)in the world．But the largest circulation for a newspaper is that of the Japanese newspaper Asahi Dhimbun(朝日新闻)．It sells more than eleven million copies every day．

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How Good Are US Drivers？

　　The CBS－TV“National Drivers’ Test”，showed that many US drivers have a lot to learn．Here’s why．

　　CBS picked 1, 799 sample drivers to take the test in TV studios in New York，Philadelphia，Chicago，and Los Angeles．More than two out of five of the drivers failed the test．And the average score was the lowest passing mark－51 points out of a possible 80．

　　Chicago drivers did best with an average of 53 points．Los Angeles drivers came next with 52 points．New York and Philadelphia drivers got 50 points－a failing score．Drivers with 50 points or less were rated“poorly informed”by the judges．

　　Here are some of the test results：

　　1．Are men drivers better informed than women ones?

　　Yes．Men averaged 52 points．Women got an average of 49．

　　2．Are older drivers better informed than younger drivers?

　　No．Drivers under 26 averaged 52 points．Drivers from 27 to 45 averaged 51，Drives over 45 failed with a 48 point average．

　　3．Does education make a difference?

　　Yes．College graduates averaged 52 points．High school graduates averaged 50．Those without high school diplomas(毕业证)got 48．And people who had taken driver education courses scored an average of 53 points－three more than those who hadn’t．

　　4．Does driving experience make a difference?

　　Yes．Drivers with three or more years of experience averaged 51 points．Drivers with less experience averaged 49．

　　Here are some surprising facts brought out by the test：

　　1．More than one out of three drivers did not know that a blinking red light means a full stop．

　　2．Three out of ten drivers did not know that an octagonal(eight-sided)sign means stop．

　　3．More than two out of three drivers did not know what to do when being“tailgated(追尾)”．

　　The answer：slow down，drive to the right，and let the driver behind pass．

　　The results of the test were turned over to the National Safety Council(委员会)．They will help future safety planning．

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