Long Time No See！

　　“Long time no see”is a very interesting sentence．When I first read this sentence from an American friend’s e-mail, I laughed．I thought it was a perfect of Chinglish．

　　Obviously, it is a word-by-word literal translation of the Chinese greetings with a ruled English grammar and structure!Later on, my friend told me that it is a standard American greeting．I was too thrilled to believe her．Her words could not convince me at all．So I did a research on google, com．To my surprise, there are over 60 thousand web pages containing“Long time no see”．This sentence has been widely used in e-mails, letters, newspapers, movies, books, or any other possible place．Though it is sort of informal, it is part of the language that Americans use daily．Ironically, if you type this phrase in Microsoft Word, the software will tell you that the grammar needs to be corrected．

　　Nobody knows the origin of the Chinglish sentence．Some people believe that it came from Charlie Chan’s movies．In the 1930s, Hollywood moviemakers successfully created a world-wide famous Chinese detective(侦探)named“Charlie Chan”on wide screens．Detective Chan likes to teach Americans some Chinese wisdom by quoting(引用)Confucius(孔夫子)．“Long time no see”was his trademark．Soon after Charlie Chan,“Long time no see”became a popular phrase in the real world with thanks to the popularity of these movies．

　　Some scholars refer America as a huge pot of stew．All kinds of culture are mixed in the stew together, and they．change the color and taste of each other．American Chinese, though a minority ethnic(少数民族的成员)group in the United States, is also contributing some changes to the stew!Language is usually the first thing to be influenced in the mixed stew．

　　You can have some other examples than adoptions from Chinese, such as pizza from Italian, susi from Japanese, and deja vu from French etc．There is a long list!Americans do not just simply borrow something from others, They will modify it and make it their own, so you would not be surprised to find a tofu and peanut butter hamburger in a restaurant, or to buy a bottle of iced Chinese green tea with honey in a grocery store．Since Americans appreciate Chinese culture more and more nowadays, I believe more Chinese words will become American and keeps adding richness and flavor．

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　　Some time ago, I discovered that one of my chairs had a broken leg．I didn’t think there would be any difficulty in getting it mended, as there are a lot of antique(古董)shops near my home．So I left my home one morning carrying the chair with me．I went into the first shop expecting a friendly reception(接待)．I was quite wrong．The man wouldn’t even look at my chair．

　　The second shop, though slightly more polite, was just the same, and the third and the fourth．So I decided that my approach must be wrong．

　　I entered the fifth shop with a plan in my mind．I placed the chair on the floor and said to the shopkeeper,“Would you like to buy a chair?”He looked at it over carefully and said,“Yes, not a bad chair．How much do you want for it?”“Twenty pounds.”I said．“OK,”he said,“I will give you twenty pounds.”“It’s got a slightly broken leg,”I said．“Yes, I saw that, it is nothing．”the shopkeeper answered．

　　Everything was going according to my plan and I was getting excited．“What will you do with it?”I asked．“It will be easy to sell once the repair is done.”“I will buy it.”I said．“What do you mean?You just sold it to me.”“Yes, I know, but I have just changed my mind, I am sorry．I will give you twenty-seven pounds for it.”“You must be crazy.”he said．Suddenly the penny dropped．“I know what you want．You want me to repair your chair.”“You are right,”I said,“What would you have done if I had walked in and asked you to mend the chair?”“I would not have agreed to do that．We don’t do repairs, not enough money in it, and too much trouble．But!will mend this for you．Will you pay it for five?”．He was a very nice person and was greatly amused(感到有趣)by the whole thing．

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Doctor and Robber

　　One night about nine o’clock, Dr．Eyck, a surgeon(外科医生), had a phone call from Dr．Haydon at the hospital in Clens Falls．The surgeon was asked to go there at once to operate on a very sick boy who shot himself while playing with a gun．

　　The doctor was soon on his way to Clens Falls．It was 60 miles away．And it was snowing heavily in the city．The surgeon thought he could get there before 12 o’clock．

　　A few minutes later, the doctor was stopped by a man in an old black coat．Gun in hand, the man ordered the doctor to get out．Then the man drove the car down the road, leaving the doctor in the falling snow．

　　It was after two o’clock in the morning when the doctor arrived at the hospital in Clens Falls．

　　Dr．Haydon told him that the boy had died an hour before．

　　The two doctors walked by the door of the hospital waiting room．There sat the man in the old black coat with his head in his hands．

　　“MR．Cunningham,”said Dr．Haydon to the man,“This is Dr．Eyck．He is the surgeon who came all the way from Albany to save your boy．”

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阅读理解：

Skin-diving

　　Skin-diving(潜泳)is a new sport today．This sport takes you into a wonderful new world．It is like a visit to the moon．When you are under water, it is easy for you to climb big rocks because you are no longer heavy．

　　Here, under water, everything is blue and green．During the day, there is plenty of light．When fish swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands．

　　When you have tanks(罐)of air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time．But you must be careful when you dive in deep water．

　　To catch fish is one of the most interesting parts of this sport．Besides, there are more uses for skin-diving．You can clean ships without taking them out of water．You can get many things from the deep sea．

　　Now you see that skin-diving is both useful and interesting．

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　　The man who brings my milk used to knock for his money for the week’s milk while I was eating breakfast on Saturday morning．Just lately he has been arriving before I get up．Workforce shortages mean that four men are sharing five rounds, so he has to start earlier．

　　Delivering milk to people’s homes is hardly good business, especially when the customer may have a choice of two or three firms serving a single road．In spite of my local difficulties, however, labor troubles are not as great as a few years ago．There are enough men prepared to make an early morning start for the sake of an open-air job with a fair measure of freedom．If they did stop calling, women would find it hard work to collect all the milk they need from self-service stores．Dairies(乳品业)know that stopping deliveries in the United States resulted in falling sales．

　　Marketing ideas have included introducing extra lines, in addition to dairy products, which the milkmen can carry to increase business．One dairyman said,“It won’t be long before the milkman delivers more bread than milk.”Some milkmen deliver potatoes, and it seems as though variety will be limited only by the size of the trucks．

　　So the milkman is likely to remain a familiar figure, and the dairy products he sells are unlikely to change very much in this decade．Flavored(味道)milk is popular on the Continent．In Britain those who like it buy plain milk and add their own flavoring．Even the returnable bottle continues to be used．As long as it has a reasonable life－30 to 40 trips are usual－the cost of collection and cleaning is worthwhile．

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阅读理解：

　　It’s eleven o’clock, and Mr．Sims has just asked the class to pay attention for the fiftieth time while he explained a math problem．Carson Webster is sitting over by the window trying to listen to the teacher, but his mind is not on the problem Mr．Sims is discussing．Carson’s mind is on a little mouse named Millie that is busily moving around in his pocket．Millie is not very happy．At breakfast, she had climbed into Carson’s pocket and gone to sleep while Carson ate two pieces of bread and read the newspaper．Carson had forgotten Millie was there until he was halfway in class．Now that Millie’s morning sleep was over, she was ready to exercise．Lucky for Carson, Millie was in a pocket with a button or he might be in serious trouble．

　　“Carson?”Mr．Sims, who was usually rather strict with his students, was suddenly looking at Carson with his eyes wide open, rolling his stick in his hand．Carson had to pay attention．

　　“Could you please repeat the question?”said Carson, feeling his pocket．

　　“I asked if you would agree with the statement,”said Mr．Sims pleasantly．

　　“Well, I’m not really attentive at the moment,”said Carson．“I think I would need to give it more consideration．”Carson did not have the slightest idea as to what Mr．Sims was talking about．

　　“I see,”said Mr．Sims seriously,“Then I guess you’re uncertain about whether the product of zero by any other number is always zero?”

　　“Oh, I know that,”said Carson, who could feel himself turning red as a couple of kids including Bob began to laugh．He knew his punishment would come soon．To his surprise, however, the teacher didn’t seem angry．

　　“I’m so glad,”said Mr．Sims, turning back to the blackboard．“Oh, and by the way, Carson,”he continued,“I think a cage would be a healthier place for your little friend．Would you agree with that statement?”Just at that time, Millie let out a weak but clear cry and stuck her head out of Carson’s pocket．

　　“Yes,”Carson said with a smile．“I would totally agree with that statement!”

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　　Student participation(参与)in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses．Some professors base part of the final grade on the student’s oral participation．Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role(i．e．, listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussion, student questions, and informal lectures．In graduate discussions the professor has a“manager”role and the students make presentations and lead discussions．The students do the actual teaching in these discussions．

　　A professor’s teaching method is another factor(因素)that determines the degree and type of student participation．Some professor’s prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without controlling it．Many professors’ encourage students to question their ideas．Students who object to the professor’s point of view should be prepared to prove their positions．

　　In the teaching of science and mathematics, the controlling mode of instruction is generally traditional, with teachers presenting formal lectures and students taking notes．However, new educational trends have turned up in the humanities and social sciences in the past twenty years．Students in education, society, and history classes, for example, are often required to solve problems in-groups, design projects, make presentations, and examine case studies．Since some college or university courses are“practical”rather than theoretical, they pay more attention to“doing”for themselves．

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阅读理解：

　　By LOS ANGELES TIMES

　　Publishedon 2002－02－10

　　Postedon 2002－01－18　10∶59∶14

　　Nervousuncertainty surrounds the fate(命运)of US journalist Daniel Pearl, with no clear communication from his kidnappers(绑匪)and no sign of his whereabouts after three separate police searches for his body in the troublesome port city Karachi, Pakistan．

　　Pearl, a 38-year-old Wall Street Journal reporter, disappeared two weeks ago on his way to an interview in Karachi．An e-mail allegedly from his kidnappers contained four photos of him and a variety of demands, including one for there lease of Pakistani prisoners being held at the US naval base in Cuba．

　　The searches were started last Friday night by an email claiming that Pearl had been killed and his body thrown“in the graveyards of Karachi．

　　Pearl has worked for The Wall Street Journal for 12 years and is now their South Asiabureau chief．He was born in Princeton, New Jersey and graduated from Stanford University with a bachelor’s degree in communications．

　　He joined The Wall Street Journal in November 1990, first as a reporter in the Atlanta bureau．In 1993 he moved to the Washington office to cover transportation before beginning a series of overseas postings．

　　The members of a radical(激进的)Islamic group in Pakistan who admit having kidnapped him say Pearl is a member of the Israeli intelligence service, Mossad．But Pearls employers have angrily denied(否认)that he is the agent(代理)of any government．

　　Pearl’s French wife, Marianne, is six months pregnant with their first child．

　　For the past few weeks the couple have been living in Karachi while Pearl tried to arrange an interview with Mubarak Ali Shah Gilani, head of the small militant Islamic group Tanzeemul-Fuqra．

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　　Never in the history of Sierra Leone’s elections have women so actively engaged in politics or competed for parliamentary seats．In the past, women did the dancing and cooking for elections campaigning．In the May 14th elections, we saw over 168 women candidates competitive for President, Vice President and Parliamentary seats．

　　One would think that about 60％ of these women would have emerged as winners．But it was not so, because of our cultural perception of women．We need to change our culture．Women could be active politicians．The Christians in their own way encouraged women to be preachers(传教士)but the Muslim leaders say women should not head for officiating(主持)prayers．

　　The same happens in certain parts of the country where women are not part of decision taken in male secret societies．This prevents them from achieving some of their goals．A senior head in one of the ministries told me that she was getting problems with some of her staff members especially the male staff．Most women that come from the Northern part of country experience such problems．Some men are saying that a woman cannot be their leader．

　　Some women are also prejudiced against their women folks．In the last elections, most woman did not support their colleagues．In some parts of the country, because they are not members of secret societies they were not allowed to contest for chieftaincies(酋长或首领的位置)．However, Sierra Leones not withstanding the cultural prejudice against women has witnessed women occupying high public offices．They have been appointed to head certain areas．

　　Sierra Leone is moving from its past culture．We need a change in our culture．Women all over the world are recognized one way or the other as they are now involved in the use of technology．We now see women as air pilots, and they even attempt to go to travel in space．

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　　The United States is trying to improve an education system that produces millions of citizens who cannot read, write, or add－let alone finding their country on a map．

　　In his first State of Union message since taking office a year ago, President George Bush promised to wipe out illiteracy(文盲)in the next decade and declared that“by the year 2008, U.S students must be first in the world in math and science achievements．”They have a long way to go．American students were placed 14th in a recent general science test conducted in 16 countries．In a separate survey of chemistry students, the United States came 12 out of 14．In a mathematics test, they were last．According to Bush, there are 17 million illiterates in this country of 245 million people．Other estimates put the number as high as 23 million．In percentage terms, that ranks the United States alongside Nicaragua and below Cuba．“This nation,”Bush said in his State of the Union address,“will not accept anything but excellent in education.”Bush, who has declared himself“Education president”, and senior officials of his administration are warning that the United States will be unable to compete in the world without an educated workforce．

　　How to increase educational standards is a matter of debate in a country whose schools have no uniform national curriculum and are subject to a confusing variety of state and local controls．Most experts think that the problem lies at the elementary and high school’levels rather than with universities-but even their graduates show huge gaps in general knowledge．Among the root causes most frequently mentioned in education debates is the low respect in which U.S．society holds teachers-in contrast to Japan and Germany．In Japan teaching is a profession of high prestige(威望)and high pay．In the United States teachers are near the bottom of the society．

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