“Learning a language is easy. Even a child can do it!”Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement. For them, learning a language is a very difficult task. They need hundreds of hours of study and practice, and even this will not guarantee（保证）success for every adult language learner.

　　Language learning is different from other kinds of learning. Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in language learning. Conversely（相反的）, some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields.

　　Language teachers often offer advice to language learners.“Read as much as you can in the new language. Practice speaking the language every day. Live with people who speak the language.”“Don't translate--try to think in the new language. Learn as a child would learn: play with the language.”

　　But what does a successful language learner do? Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways.

　　First of all, successful language learners are independent（独立的）learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher. They discover their own way to learn the language, instead of waiting for the teacher to explain. They try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues（线索）and form their own conclusions.

　　Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.

　　Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them.

　　What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above.

(1)A successful language learner must ________.

[　　]

A．be very intelligent

B．depend on a good book or teacher

C．always try to speak correctly

D．try to learn the new language independently, actively, and purposefully

(2)Which of the following would most probably NOT be a piece of advice offered by a language teacher?

[　　]

A．Never guess the meaning of a word.

B．Don't translate--try to think in the new language.

C．Find every chance to speak the language.

D．Read as much as possible in the new language.

(3)The expression“play with the language”in Para graph 3 means to ________.

[　　]

A．learn the language to play with a child

B．learn the language from a child

C．learn the language in a more natural way

D．use the language as a boy

(4)According to the text, thinking in the language is more important than knowing the meaning of every word of the language. Why?

[　　]

A．Knowing the meaning of every word is useless.

B．Thinking in the language is easier than knowing the meaning of every word.

C．Knowing the meaning of every word requires more time.

D．When thinking in the language, you are using the language in an active way.

　　I came to India a year ago to find a village in which I could live and write but it was many months before I settled down（定居）.

　　I wasted a lot of time looking for the“typical”（典型的）village. Yet no such thing exists. Often the villagers themselves were puzzled. Why had I come? I had put aside my work as a newspaper reporter because my ideas had changed. I had come to believe that what was happening in the developing countries was more important than anything else. But to understand how three quarters of the world's people live, and how their future might affect ours, I felt that I first had to try and share their way of life.

　　In the end I chose a mountain village because it was a little cooler than those in down a path to the river. After this I began the climb into the hills. Every time I stopped to catch my breadth, there was a wonderful sight. After several hours' walk the village was in sight.

(1) After the writer had arrived in India, ________.

[　　]

A．he settled down at once

B．he spent a year writing about the place he lived

C．it took him quite a long time to find a proper place to live in

D．he spent years looking for a certain village

(2) While looking for a“typical”village, the writer found_________.

[　　]

A．the villagers liked to ask him a lot of questions

B．he was looking for a place that doesn't exist

C．all the villagers knew where it was

D．the villagers made him feel puzzled

(3) Before he came to India, the writer __________.

[　　]

A．had written for newspapers

B．had been a high official

C．had decided to do no more work

D．had been removed from his job

(4) The writer decided to change his way of life because__________.

[　　]

A．he thought living in a small village would be good for his health

B．he no longer found his work interesting

C．he wanted to live a quiet life in the countryside

D．he wanted to find out more about the developing countries

(5) The village the writer finally chose to live in_________.

[　　]

A．had a wonderful sight of the river

B．was at the end of a rough road

C．had better weather than that in the plains

D．was a short walk from the river

　　The English, as a race, is very different from all other nationalities, including its closest neighbors, the French, Belgians and Dutch. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons are, it maybe fairly stated that the Englishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalities.

　　Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems embarrassed. You have only to see a city train at any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or having a light sleep in a corner, no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. An Englishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested,“On entering a railway carriage shake hands with all the passengers.”Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately suspect.

　　In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc. The Englishman is somewhat different. Of course, an Englishman feels no less deeply than any other nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. Whereas a more emotional man might describe her as “an excellent jewel”“extremely beautiful” “precious”, the Englishman will flatly state, “Um, she is all right.”

(1) From the passage people can infer that the English are different from other nationalities mainly in _____________.

[　　]

(2) If one doesn't want to be suspected in public, he had better ___________.

[　　]

A．behave relaxed

B．shake hands with all the people he meets

C．talk with others

D．keep quiet

(3) According to the! passage, the Englishman _____________.

[　　]

A．has less feelings than other nationalities

B．has emotions as deep as any other nation ality

C．expresses emotion by use of his language

D．likes to have a joke with foreign visitors

(4) An Englishman's saying “all right” usually has the sense of __________.

[　　]

　　How do successful people think? What drives them? Interviews and investigations indicate that there are several keys to success that successful people share.

　　First of all, successful people never blame someone or something outside of themselves for their failure to go ahead. They realize that their future lies in their own hands. They understand that they cannot control things in life, such as nature, the past and other people, But in the meantime, they are well aware that they can control their own thoughts and actions. They take responsibility for their life and regard this as one of the most empowering（给人以力量的）things they can do. Perhaps what often separates successful people from others is that they live their life “on purpose”——they are doing what they believe they are put here to do. In their opinions, having a purpose in their life is the most important element that enables them to become fully functioning people. They hold that when they live their life on purpose, their main concern is to do the job right. They love what they do——and it shows. People want to do business with them because of their commitment（投入献身）. To live their life on purpose, successful people find a cause they believe in and create a business around it. Besides, they never easily give up. Once they have set up goals in their life, they're willing to do whatever it takes to achieve their goals. Top achievers always bear it in mind that they don't have forever.

　　Rather than see it negative or depressing, they use the knowledge to spur themselves on and go after what they want energetically and passionately.

(1) Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．How do people live their life on purpose?

B．How can people be successful?

C．How do people make plans?

D．How do people do business?

(2) The underlined word “spur” in the last paragraph most probably means __________.

[　　]

(3) By living their life “on purpose”, successful people can__________.

[　　]

A．do a lot of work

B．concentrate on their jobs

C．do business with many people

D．do all of the above mentioned

(4) The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to ______.

[　　]

A．the main concern of successful people

B．the job that successful people do

C．the undertaking with which successful people do their jobs

D．the business that successful people do with other people

　　In the 19th century Americans from the eastern states moved out west to settle in the rich new lands along the Pacific Coast. The most difficult part of their trip was crossing the“Great American Desert”in the western part of the United States by horse and wagon.

　　The western desert is very dangerous. There is little water and there are few trees. But the desert also has scenery of great beauty. Tall towers of red and yellow stone rise sharply from the flat, sandy valley floor. The scene has been photographed many times and often appears in movies and TV.

　　In Arizona, man-made dams across the Colorado River had made two large lakes in the middle of the dry desert country. At lake Powell, the red stone arch（拱状）of Rainbow（彩虹）Bridge rises high above the blue lake.

　　There are few roads. Many areas of Lake Powell's shore can only be reached by boat or on foot. But hikers in this empty desert land sometimes find very old native American pictures, painted on the rocks.

　　In Death Valley California, the summer temperature rises to 130～165 degrees Fahrenheit（华氏的）. There is less than two inches of rain each year. Death Valley is the lowest place in America——925 metres below sea level. In 1800s, many travellers died when they tried to cross this waterless valley in the terrible heat.

　　Although the desert is dry and seems empty, there is plenty of life if you look closely. Small insects, snakes, and rats have learned how to live in the desert heat. They live underground and come out at night, when it is cool. Plants such as cacti（仙人掌）need very little water. When it does rain in the desert (sometimes only once or twice a year), plants grow quickly, and flowers open in a single day. For a short time, the desert is covered with brilliant colours.

(1) In the 19th century, Americans moved from the east to the west because they ______.

[　　]

A．enjoy the trip

B．wanted to make their home there

C．wanted to find new grassland there

D．had no water to drink

(2) From the passage, we can conclude that ________.

[　　]

A．the western desert is a good place for people to live in

B．there is little water but there are many trees in the desert

C．the desert is dangerous but it is full of beauty

D．till now, people know little about the desert

(3) If you went to find some old native American pictures painted on the rock you must travel

[　　]

(4) In the 1800s many travellers died in Death valley because of ________.

[　　]

(5) In the desert, animals will die_______.

[　　]

A．if they move about

B．if they drink much water

C．if they come out at night

D．if they can't make holes underground

　　To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against the rain. Its first use was as a shade（遮光物）against the sun!

　　Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese in the eleventh century B. C..

　　We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol（象征）of honor. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by those in high office.

　　In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in commonly used in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.

　　During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it was considered as a symbol of power. By 1680, the umbrella appeared in France, and later in England.

　　By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn't until the twentieth century that women's umbrellas began to be made, in a whole variety（种种）of colours.

(1) According to this passage, the umbrella was probably first invented in ancient________.

[　　]

(2) Which of the following statements is not true about the umbrella?

[　　]

A．No one exactly knows who was the inventor of the umbrella.

B．The umbrella was first invented to be used as protection against the sun.

C．The umbrella changed much in style in the eighteenth century.

D．In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade.

(3) A strange feature（特征）of the umbrella's use is that it was used as_______.

[　　]

A．protection against rain

B．a shade against the sun

C．a symbol of honour and power

D．women's decoration（装饰）

(4) In Europe, the umbrella was first used against the rain_______.

[　　]

A．during the Middle Ages

B．by the eighteenth century

C．in Rome

D．in Greece

(5) This passage talks mainly about________.

[　　]

A．when and how the umbrella was invented

B．why the umbrella was so popular in Europe

C．the development of the umbrella

D．the history and use of the umbrella

　　The Village of Langshort is halfway along the old coach road from London to the South Coast. Young Henry Buckle was there when a car passed through the village for the first time, in the early 1900s. Later, as the owner of what had been his father's general store, he remembers selling ice-creams and soft drinks to families that passed through the village in cars and coaches on their way to the seaside.

　　But the traffic did not only bring trade to the village, it also brought noise and danger. As the years passed, the peace of what had been a quiet country village was broken by roaring engines; Farmer Dodd's gates were left open by day-trippers enjoying a picnic in his field; and trees that had been familiar friends were cut down so that the road through the village could be made wider and safer.

　　Safer, that is, for the cars and heavy lorries that thundered past within a few metres of Henry Buckle's general store. But it was not safer for Henry's son Gerald, and the other children of the village; and it was not safer for the old cottages that were shaken from their chimneys to their floors by every lorry that passed. Nor was it safer for Henry himself; as the old man moved, more slowly now, from his store to the pub and to the butcher's shop of his friend George Carter, just across the street.

　　The street had been where the life of the village was lived, where games were played, work was done and long conversations were held. Now it cut the village in two, and brought not life but death. Henry was knocked down and killed one night by a passing car. A great character, part of old Langshort, had died.

　　But Henry had not been buried long before his son Gerald, George Carter and others, had dressed as gasmen, and dug up the road, causing the traffic to follow another road right round the village, instead of through it.

　　Right up Your Street is the story of men who, when they are pushed too far, act quickly to defend a way of life that most of us have let go for good.

　　“Village life is described with a loving, and truthful pen” -- Morning Mail

　　“A book that puts the car on trial” -- Evening Post

(1) As a result of the increasing amount of traffic ________

[　　]

A．the peace was broken, gates were left open and trees were cut down

B．trade grew, there was more life in the village and local people enjoyed themselves more

C．familiar friends died or left the village for somewhere quieter

D．the road became wider and safer for the village people

(2) The road was made wider so that ________.

[　　]

A．heavy lorries could thunder past within a few metres of Henry's store

B．children could play in the street more safely than they had done before

C．it would be safer for cars and heavy lorries to pass through the village

D．the traffic would not shake the old cottages beside the road

(3) Henry took longer to cross the road now, because ________.

[　　]

A．the road was wider and safer, but noisier

B．he had to cross the road by means of a foot-bridge

C．he had to go to the pub before visiting his friend

D．he was becoming quite an old man

(4) “The street had been where the life of the village was lived” means ________.

[　　]

A．everyone who lived in the village lived on one or other side of the street

B．most of what happened in the village happened in the street

C．everyone worked in shops at the sides of the street

D．it was the cars and lorries that made the village a lively place

　　CELEBRATIONS spread across China when Shanghai, the Oriental Pearl（东方明珠）,was given the right to host（主办）the 2010 World Expo（世博会）on December 3.

　　Shanghai won the honour after beating rivals（对手）from Russia, Mexico, Poland and South Korea.

　　“I'm very proud of being Chinese,” said Wang Kaibo, a Senior 2 student of the Middle School Affiliated to Beijing Medical University. “The winning of the expo is a victory, not only for Shanghai residents（居民）, but for the people of the whole Chinese nation.”

　　Bidding（申办）for the expo shows that China is more confident（有信心的）of playing a more important role on the international stage. It is competing for large events and the next one could be the World Cup, Wang said.

　　The World Expo 2010 and the 2008 Beijing Olympics will become the twin shining stars of China's development over the next 10 years, said experts.

　　The World Expo is known as the “Olympics of the economic（经济）, cultural（文化）, scientific and technological fields”. It is usually held every five years and lasts for six months.

　　The Olympics, World Cup and World Expo are considered the three top international events in the world.

　　China is the first developing country to win the expo bid in the event's 151- year history.

　　Not only will it attract more foreign investment（投资）to China, but experts say that the half-year-long exhibition will bring at least 70 million visitors to Shanghai.

(1) According to Wang Kaibo, the winning of the expo is a ________.

[　　]

(2) Which continent didn't come to compete the right to host the 2010 World Expo?

[　　]

(3) Which of the following is wrong about the World Expo?

[　　]

A．The World Expo is usually held every 5 years and lasts for half a year.

B．The World Expo is considered as one of the top international events in the world.

C．China is the first Asian country to win the Expo bid in the event's 151-year history.

D．The 2010 World Expo will bring a lot of profit to China.

(4) Which of the following doesn't show China is playing a more important role in the international stage?

[　　]

A．The 2008 Olympics.

B．The entering of WTO.

C．The 2010 World Expo.

D．The right to host the World Cup.

　　We know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time. They move for different reasons：most of them move to find food more easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded.

　　When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water-and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration（迁移）is probably the migration of the fish, which is called “salmon”. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends its life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies there. In northern Europe, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their mountain homes when they become too crowded. They move down to the low land. Sometimes they move all the way to the seaside, and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea.

　　Recently, scientists have studied the migration of a kind of lobster（龙虾）. Every year, when the season of bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean. Nobody knows why they do this, and nobody knows where they go.

　　So, sometimes we know why humans and animals move from one place to another, but at other times we don't. Maybe living things just like to travel.

(1)Most animals move from one place to another at a certain time to ________.

[　　]

A．give birth

B．enjoy warmer weather

C．find food more easily

D．find beautiful places

(2)The fish called “salmon”spends a long life in ________.

[　　]

A．salt water

B．rivers

C．fresh water

D．its birthplace

(3)The mouse in northern Europe move when ________.

[　　]

A．they give birth

B．the weather is bad

C．the place gets too crowded

D．they haven't enough food

(4)The lobsters move ________.

[　　]

A．to the fresh water

B．to the sea floor

C．at a certain time

D．to find more food

(5)What is the main idea of the passage?

[　　]

A．Animals move in order to find food more easily.

B．The migration of the fish called “salmon”is the most famous.

C．Living things move from one place to another for travelling.

D．Sometimes we know why and how living things move from one place to another, but sometimes we don't.

　　With the development of modern agriculture and industry, people are producing more and more waste things that pollute our earth. As we know, we have only one earth. Essentially（本来）, fresh water on our earth is limited. And now it's becoming less and less. We're destroying the earth and also ourselves!

　　For example, as a result of pollution, Lake Erie（伊利湖）, on the borders（边界）of the USA and Canada, is now without any living things.

　　Pollution in water is not simply a matter of “poisons”, it is killing large numbers of fish overnight. Very often the effects of pollution are not noticed for many months or years because the first living things to be harmed are either plants or plankton（浮游生物）. But these are the food for fish and birds and other creatures. When this food disappears, the fish and birds die too. It is not until dead fish and water birds are seen at the river's edge or on the seashore that people realize what is happening.

　　Where do the things which pollute the water come from? There are two main sources（来源）--waste water and industrial waste. As more detergent（洗涤剂）is used in the home, more of it is finally put into our rivers, lakes and seas. Detergents harm water birds by dissolving（分解）the natural things which keep their feathers（羽毛）waterproof. Waste water itself, if it is not properly treated, makes the water dirty and prevents all forms of life in rivers and the sea from receiving the oxygen（氧）they need. Industrial waste is even more harmful since there are many highly poisonous things in it.

　　So, if we want to stop this pollution, the answer is simple：waste water and industrial waste must be made clean before flowing into the water. It may already be too late to save some rivers and lakes, but others can still be saved if the correct action is taken at once.

(1)Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

[　　]

A．Why Lake Erie Is Polluted

B．The Most Dangerous Pollution

C．Stop Polluting Water

D．How to Protect the Sea

(2)Pollution in water is noticed ________.

[　　]

A．when the first living things in it are harmed

B．when a good many fish and water birds die

C．as soon as waste water is poured into it

D．as soon as plants and plankton disappear

(3)From the fourth paragraph, we can infer that the living things die in dirty rivers mainly because ________.

[　　]

A．they have not enough food to eat

B．they are not properly treated

C．industrial waste is more harmful

D．they can't get enough oxygen

(4)The meaning of the word “waterproof”is ________.

[　　]

A．full of water

B．not allowing water to go through

C．covered with water

D．cleaned by water