阅读理解

阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　There were two evil brothers．They were rich , and used their money to keep their ways from the pubic eye．They even attended the same church , and pretended to be perfect Christians (基督教)．

　　Then , their pastor (牧师) retired because he was too old , and a new one was hired．Not only could he see through the brothers’ deception (cheating; playing tricks) , but he also poke (拨开) well and true , and the church started to swell (增大) in numbers．A fund - raising campaign (筹款活动)

　　Was started to build a new assembly (a large hall where many people can gather)．

　　All of a sudden , one of the brothers died．The remaining brother called on the new pastor the day before the funeral and handed him a check for the amount needed to finish paying for the new building．

　　“I have only one condition,”he said．“At his funeral , you must say my brother was a saint (圣徒)．”After a few seconds’ hesitation (犹豫) , the pastor gave his word , and deposited the check．

　　The next day at the funeral , however , the pastor did not hold back．“ He was an evil man,”he said．“He cheated on his wife and abused his family．”After going on in this way for a small time , he concluded with , “But , compared to his brother , he was a saint．”

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阅读理解

阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Have you ever suddenly felt that someone you knew was in trouble－and was he? Have you ever dreamed something that came true later? Maybe you have ESP (超感觉知觉)．

　　ESP stands for Extrasensory Perception．It may be called a sixth sense．It seems to let people know about events before they happen , or events that are happening some distance away．

　　Here's an example．A woman was ironing clothes．Suddenly she screamed , "My father is dead! I saw him sitting in the chair!" Just then , a telegram came．The woman's father died of a heart attack．He died sitting in a chair．

　　There are thousands of stories like this one on record．Scientists are studying them to find out what's behind these strange mental messages．Here's another example－one of hundreds of dreams that have come true．

　　A man dreamed he was walking along a road when a horse and carriage came by．The driver said , "There's room for one more．" The man felt the driver seemed dead , so he ran away．The next day , when the man was getting on a crowded bus , the bus driver said , "There's room for one more．"

　　Then the man saw that the driver's face was the same face he had seen in the dream．He wouldn't get on the bus．As the bus drove off , it crashed and burst into flames．Everyone was killed!

　　Some people say stories like these are coincidences．Others , including some scientists , say that ESP is real．From studies of ESP , we may someday learn more about the human mind．

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阅读理解

阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　It seems that the Englishmen just cannot live without sports of some kind．A famous French humourist once said that this is because the English insist on behaving like children all their lives．Wherever you go in this country , you will see both children and grown - ups knocking a ball about with a stick or something , as if in Britain men shall always remain boys and women girls! Still , it can never be bad to get exercise , can it?

　　Taking all amateur (业余) and professional sports in Britain into consideration , there can be no doubt that football is at the top of the list．It is called soccer in the United States．The game originated (起源于) in Britain and was played in the Middle Ages or even earlier , though as an organized game , or "association football" , it dates only from the beginning of the 19th century．

　　The next is rugby (橄榄球) , which is called "football" in the United States．It is a kind of football played by two teams of fifteen players than eleven．In rugby , an oval - shaped ball is used which can be handled as well as kicked．It is a pretty rough game．

　　In summer , cricket (板球) is the most popular sport．In fact , it has sometimes been called the English national game．Most foreigners find the game rather slow or even boring , but it enjoys great popularity among the British．

　　Tennis rates high on the list , too．It was introduced into England from France in the 15th century , but it was from England that it spread to practically every country in the world．

　　Table tennis , or "ping - pong" , surely is not played on a great scale as it is in China or Japan．Basketball and volleyball were introduced into Britain during the late 19th century from America and are gaining popularity．Horse - back riding , swimming , rowing and golf all attract a lot of people．

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阅读理解

阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

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阅读理解

阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

"Is jazz a kind of folk music?" "Is it a performing style?" "How is it different from other kinds of music?" There is no simple answer to these questions , because the most important quality of jazz comes from its unique combination of different musical sources over a period of almost 400 years．

The quality that unites the many different jazz forms is , in some degree , separate from its musical sources．That quality is the expression of freedom．The idea of freedom is central．

The ancestors of jazz were black people from West Africa who were brought to America as slaves , or forced laborers , from the early 1600s to the mid - 1800s．Most of them remained slaves until President Lincoln set them free on January 1,1863 , during the American Civil War．

With the loss of their personal freedom and the breaking up of their families , the slaves also lost the social traditions of their music from Africa．The complex rhythms (节奏) of this music involved a number of people performing together．The breaking apart of these social groups forced slaves to create new songs , that is , to develop a completely new musical tradition．

Using some of the remembered African rhythms , the slaves gradually began to add some features of the European classical music that was played by the slaveowners．The slaves were also influenced by American folk songs．But the result of adding these borrowed elements to the complex African rhythms was the beginning of a completely new kind of music．Still , this music only existed privately among groups of slaves．

The salves' work had another effect on their music．It introduced new kinds of musical rhythms．Some of these rhythms became work songs to accompany their planting and picking of cotton．Other rhythms were developed by teams of workers who needed to lift heavy loads of cotton onto carts that passed through the fields．Later , during the building of the railroads , individual workers created new songs to match the sharp rhythms of steel as they put the rails into place．

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阅读理解

阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Whether the eyes are"the windows of the soul" is debatable; that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact．During the first two months of a baby's life , the stimulus (刺激物) that produces a smile is a pair of eyes．The eyes need not be real: a mask with two dots will produce a smile．Significantly , a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile,nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile．(侧面) This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures．In one study , when American four - year - olds were asked to draw people , 75 percent of them drew people with mouths , but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes．In Japan , however , where babies are carried on their mother's back , infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures．As a result , Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode (把……编码) or decode (理解) meaning．In fact , Argyle reveals that the "proper place to focus one's gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one's conversation partner．"

　　The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined: speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second , then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they re - establish eye contact with the listener or reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive , then shift their gaze away once more．Listeners , meanwhile , keep their eyes on the face of the speaker , allowing themselves to glance away only briefly．It is important that they be looking at the speaker at the precise moment when the speaker reestablishes eye contact: if they are not looking , the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate (stop) the conversation．Just how critical this eye maneuvering (movement) is to the maintenance (维持) of conversational flow becomes clear when two speakers are wearing dark glasses: there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption , false starts , and unpredictable pauses．

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阅读理解

阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　There seems never to have been a civilization without toys , but when and how they developed is unknown．They probably came about just to give children something to do．

　　In the ancient world , as is today , most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another．In societies where social roles are rigidly determined , boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers．This is true because boys and girls are being prepared , even in play , to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world．

　　What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same．The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship , mechanics , and technology．It is the universality (普遍性) of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence (持续) to the present that is amazing．In Egypt , the Americas , China , Japan and among the Arctic (北极的) peoples , generally the same kinds of toys appeared．Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings．Nearly every civilization had dolls , little weapons , toy soldiers , tiny animals and vehicles．

　　Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form , they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use．The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent (进步)．The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3000 BC to one used by an infant today , however , is not characterized by inventiveness．Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials．

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阅读理解

阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　How to eat healthfully can be especially complex for working women who often have neither the desire nor the time to cook for themselves (or anyone else)．Registered dietitian (营养学家) Barbara Morrissey suggests that a few simple rules can help．

　　"Go for nutrient - dense (营养丰富的) foods," she suggests , "foods that contain a multiple of nutrients．For example , select whole wheat bread as a breakfast food , rather than coffee cake．Or drink orange juice rather than orange drink , which contains only a small percentage of real juice - - the rest is largely colored sugar water．You just can't compare the value of these foods , the nutrient - dense ones are so superior," she emphasizes．

　　Morrissey believes that variety is not only the spice of life - - it's the foundation of a healthful diet．Diets which are based on only one or two foods are not only virtually impossible to sustain , they can be very harmful , she says , because nutrients aren't supplied in sufficient amounts or balance．

　　According to Morrissey , trying to find a diet that will cure your illnesses , or make you a superwoman , is a fruitless search．As women , many of us are too concerned with staying thin , she says , and we believe that vitamins are some kind of magic cure to replace food．

　　"We need carbohydrates , protein and fat - - they are like the wood in the fireplace．The vitamins and minerals are the match , the spark , for the fuel," she explains．"We need them all , but in very different proportions．And if the fuel isn't there , the spark is useless．"

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阅读理解

阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　What's your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember the first time you heard thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom recall events much earlier than the year or so before entering school , just as children younger than three or four rarely retain any memory of specific , personal experiences．

　　A variety of explanations have been proposed by psychologists for this "childhood amnesia" (记忆缺失，健忘)．One argues that the hippocampus , the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories , does not mature (成熟) until about the age of two．But the most popular theory maintains (主张) that , since adults do not think like children , they cannot access childhood memories．Adults think in words , and their life memories are like stories．But when they search through their mental files for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story , they don't find any that fit the pattern．It's like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary．

　　Now psychologist Annette Simms offers a new explanation for childhood amnesia．She argues that there simply aren't any early childhood memories to recall．According to Dr．Simms , children need to learn to use someone else's spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short - term , quickly forgotten impressions of these experiences into long - term memories．In other words , children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about them - Mother talking about the afternoon spent looking for crabs (蟹) at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park．Without this verbal reinforcement , says Dr．Simms,children cannot form permanent memories of their personal experiences．

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阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　The science of physics today is as current as the morning newspaper．Indeed , as a result of new advances in physics and their rapid application to inventions designed to satisfy man’s wants．The world itself has been changing rapidly．Space technology , industrial technology , and the technology of the home , the farm , the office , the bank , and the department store have all been revolutionized．

　　Clearly , every grown - up today would understand the world he lives in much better if he knew something about physics．Whether it be Congress (美国国会) voting huge sums of money for new warships , space exploration , or atomic energy; the office staff learning to use a new computer; son Bobby wanting to know about going to the moon; or the housewife learning to operate a new electric stove , physics seems to be everywhere．

　　Teachers in thousands of schoolrooms in America are trying to communicate some of the excitement and importance of these new developments to their students．They know that some of their eager students will someday be scientists and will themselves then contribute (贡献) to the development of new knowledge or its application to new things．

　　But in any case , they can be sure that if they bring a knowledge of science (any science) to their students in meaningful and stimulating ways , they have contributed much to helping each one live a more meaningful life．

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