阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

　　Long after the 2002 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still angry at the questionable refereeing decisions that made their team lose the match．A researcher was sent to study the performance of some top referees(裁判)．

　　The researcher organized experimental matches between four youth teams．Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge．

　　Observers noted down the referees’ errors(错误), of which there were 61 over the matches．Compared to an ordinary match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number．

　　The researcher then studied the videotapes to study the matches in detail．Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident．When the officials did it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action．The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters．The research shows the proper distance is about 20 meters．

　　There also seemed to be a proper speed．Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second．The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second．

　　If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the justice of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues．

　　He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided．If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is of less importance．

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　　Lions are opportunists．They prefer to eat without having to do too much work．When resting in the shade, they are also watching the sky to see what is flying by, and even in the heat of the day they will suddenly start up and run a mile across the plains to find out what is going on．If another animal has made a kill, they will drive it off and take the kill for themselves．A grown lion can easily eat 60 pounds of meat at a single feeding．Often they eat until it seems painful for them to lie down．

　　The lionesses(母狮), being thinner and faster, are better hunters(猎手)than the males(雄狮)．But the males don’t mind．After the kill they move in and take the best share．

　　Most kills are made at night or just before daybreak．We have seen many, many daylight attempts but only ten kills．Roughly, it’s about twenty daytime attempts for one kill．

　　When lions are hiding for an attack by a water hole, they wait patiently and can charge at any second．The kill is the exciting moment in the day - to - day life of the lion, since these great animals spend most of their time, about 20 hours a day, sleeping and resting．

　　Lions are social cats, and when they are having a rest, they love to touch each other．After drinking at a water hole, a lioness rests her head on another’s back．When walking, young lions often touch faces with older ones, an act of close ties among members of the group．

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　　The first reality TV show in the world was called Expedition Robinson and it was shown in Sweden in 1997．Half the population of the country watched the final event and a new kind of TV program was born．Two years later in Holland, the first series of Big Brother was filmed．Again, it was a great success and the final program was watched by 15 million people．Now more than 20 countries around the world have Big Brother or Expedition Robinson on their TV screens．The ordinary people who take part in the programs are known by millions of people in their own countries and reality TV has become big, big business．

　　For the TV producers, reality TV is a dream come true because many of the programs cost nothing to make．At some point, the television viewers(观众)are asked to telephone the program to vote or to apply to take part in the show．It is the cost of these telephone calls that pays for the shows．One of the most popular shows is Pop Idol．In the show, a group of attractive young people are made into pop stars．TV viewers vote for their favorite person on the show．The winner makes a record and millions of copies of the record are sold．His or her pictures are published on the covers of magazines or on the front pages of newspapers, and then, they are quickly forgotten．

　　But not everyone is happy about reality TV．In Portugal, two TV channels got into trouble because they showed too much of the personal lives of the people in the shows．In France, reality TV is called“rubbish TV”and the TV studios of Big Brother were attacked three times in one week．In Greece, Big Brother was described as “against human rights and civilization”．

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　　Italian Lakes and Greek Islands(12 Days)

　　Prices starting from $1,999

　　Your tour begins in Milan, Italy, and moves on to the pretty Italian Lake District and the attractive resort(胜地)of Stresa, your home for two nights．Collette Vacations has carefully chosen the Costa Victoria as your home away from home for your 7 - night journey along the waterways of the Mediterranean．The cruise ship is filled with the warmth and culture of Italy and is richly designed with entertainment(娱乐)areas and very good living conditions．It will take you to the places of your dreams．

　　You'll spend 4 days touring Greek cities you've always heard about．In Katakolon, you will have the only unguided tour to nearby Olympia on the whole journey．Then with a local guide you will visit the Greek islands of Santorini, which is often related to the story of the lost city of Atlantis, and Mykonos, a wonderful island with beautiful beaches．

　　Your journey ends in Verona, home of the love story Romeo and Juliet, with a fun - filled farewell dinner - a perfect ending to a pleasant journey．

　　12 Days, 25Meals：10Breakfasts, 6 Lunches, 9Dinners

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　　May：Happenings from the Past

　　May 5,1884

　　Isaac Murphy, son of a slave and perhaps the greatest horse rider in American history, rides Buchanan to win his first Kentucky Derby．He becomes the first rider ever to win the race three times．

　　May 9,1754

　　Benjamin Franklin’s Pennsylvania Gazette produces perhaps the first American political cartoon(漫画), showing a snake cut in pieces with the words “Join or Die” printed under the picture

　　May 11,1934

　　The first great dust storm of the Great Plains Dust Bowl, the result of years of drought(干旱),blows topsoil all the way to New York City and Washington, D．C．

　　May 19,1994

　　Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, former first lady and one of the most famous people of the 1960s died of cancer in New York City at the age of 64．

　　May 24,1844

　　Samuel F．B Morse taps out the first message, “What hath God wrought ,”over the experimental long - distance telegraph line which runs from Washington, D．C．, to Baltimore, Md．

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　　My friend, Emma Daniels, spent the summer of 1974 traveling in Israel．During her month - long stay in Jerusalem she often went to a cafe called Chocolate Soup．It was run by two men, one of whom - Alex - used to live in Montreal．One morning when Emma went in for coffee, while chatting with her new friend Alex, she mentioned that she had just finished the book she was reading and had nothing else to read．Alex said be had a wonderful book she might like, and that he’d be happy to lend it to her．As he lived just above the cafe, he quickly ran up to get it．The book he handed to Emma just minutes later was Markings, a book by a former secretary - general of the United Nations(UN)．

　　Emma had never read it, nor had she ever bought a copy．But when she opened it up, she was floored to see her own name and address inside the cover, in her own handwriting(笔迹)．It turned out that the summer before, at a concert back in Montreal, Emma had met a Californian who was in town visiting friends．They decided to exchange(交换)addresses, but neither of them had any paper．The man opened up a book he was carrying in his backpack(背包)and asked Emma to write her name and address inside．When he returned to California, he left the book behind in Montreal, and his friend Alex kept it．When Alex later moved to Jerusalem, he took the book along．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　When it comes to romance, women prefer someone who is humorous while men choose those who catch their eye, according to an international survey．

　　The survey, conducted in 16 countries by Canadian romance publisher Harlequin Enterprises, asked men and women on six continents about personality they liked or disliked and how they went about trying to meet Mr or Ms Right．

　　The survey showed differences between countries in the way people tried to impress the opposite sex．

　　Australians and British men frequently admitted drinking too much, while about half of German and Italian men said they had lied about their finances．Spaniards were the most likely to use sex to catch someone’s attention．

　　Eighty percent of Brazilian and Mexican men said they had lied about their marriage or romance as did 70 percent of German women, the survey said．

　　When it came to meeting that special someone, a majority of respondents preferred to rely on friends for introductions．The Internet was not a popular hunting ground except in Portugal, where about half the surveyed men and women would like to find people online．

　　There was a gap between the two sexes in Spain and France．Thirty percent of Spanish men, but no Spanish women, looked for love online．In France, 40 percent of men but only 10 percent of women attended parties, bars and clubs to meet someone, but they did have one thing in common：both sexes regarded looks as more important than their counterparts in other countries．

　　When it came to that first meeting, a majority of men surveyed said beauty was more important than brains, while women put a sense of humor at the top of their list．

　　Physical attraction was the most important for men in France, Brazil, Greece, Japan and Britain．And while 40 percent of Portuguese men regarded intelligence over looks in a first meeting, no Australian men did so．

　　In the United States and Canada, humor was considered the most important personality by men and women, getting 63 and 73 percent of the vote respectively．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　George Markov was a famous writer in Bulgaria．In 1969, he suspected(疑心) that he was going to be put into prison or killed because one of his plays was regarded as being an attack on the leaders of Bulgaria．Markov managed to reach England and got a job with the BBC, preparing broadcast in Bulgarian．

　　Some of the BBC broadcasts were critical of life in Bulgaria．Perhaps as a result of this, Markov received an anonymous telephone call warning him that he would be killed．In September 1978, Markov stopped his car in London and started to walk to his office．When he was passing a bus line, a man in the line appeared to drop his umbrella．Markov felt a sudden pain in the leg．

　　When Markov reached his office, he spoke about the accident to a friend．A few hours later, he began to feel ill．He was sent to hospital and died four days later．The doctor examined his body, and they were puzzled about the cause of his death．Scientists were asked to help and they found a tiny metal pellet(小球) in Markov’s leg．There were two tiny holes in the pellet, and scientists believed that there had been an unknown poison in them．

　　A few weeks before Markov was”shot”with poisonous pellet fired from an umbrella, another Bulgarian had the same experience in France．Towards the end of August 17, Kostov felt a sharp pain in the back when he was leaving a railway station in Paris．He was ill for a few weeks but became well．When the news of Markov’s death became known, Kostov was asked to return to hospital for examination．Doctors found a tiny pellet in his back, but it had stuck in an area which the poison had not been able to spread．

　　The police in both countries are still searching for the reasons why both men were attacked．They hoped to catch their attackers．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　“A good book for children should simply be a good book in its own right,”says Mollie Hunter．Born and brought up near Edinburgh, Mollie has devoted her talents to writing primarily for young people．She firmly believes that there is always and should always be a wider audience for any good book whatever its main market is．In Mollie’s opinion it is necessary to make full use of language and she enjoys telling a story, which is what every writer should be doing．“If you aren’t telling a story, you’re a very dead writer indeed,”she says．With the chief function of a writer being to entertain (让人愉快), Mollie is indeed an entertainer．“I have this great love of not only the meaning of language but of the music of language,”she says．“This love goes back to early childhood．I’ve told stories all my life．I had a school teacher who used to ask us what we would like to be when we grew up and, because my family always had dogs, and I was very good at handling them, I said I wanted to work with dogs, and the teacher always said ‘Nonsense, Mollie, dear, you’ll be a writer．’ So finally I thought that this woman must have something, since she was a good teacher and I decided when I was nine that I would be a writer．”

　　This childhood intention is described in her novel, A Sound of Chariots, which although written in the third person is clearly autobiographical (自传体的) and gives a picture both of Mollie’s ambition (理想) and her struggle towards its achievement．Thoughts of her childhood inevitably(不可避免地)brought thoughts of the time when her home was still a village with buttercup meadows and strawberry fields－sadly now covered with modern houses．“I was once taken back to see it and I felt that somebody had lain dirty hands all over my childhood．I’ll never go back,”she said．“Never．”“When I set one of my books in Scotland,”she said,“I can recall my romantic (浪漫的) feelings as a child playing in those fields, or watching the village blacksmith at work．And that’s important, because children now know so much so early that romance can’t exist for them, as it did for us．”

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