Like other student athletes, Ray Ray McElrathbey deals with schoolwork, practice and games．But after a long day of studying and working out on the football field, the Clemson University player can’t relax with friends．Ray Ray has to make sure his 11-year-old brother, Fahmarr, gets a good dinner, does his homework and goes to bed．

　　Since taking responsibility for Fahmarr this August, “I’ve aged dramatically(戏剧性地)，”said Ray Ray．“I can’t be running around at all hours, making 19-year-old decisions．”Ray Ray has temporary custody(监护权)of Fahmarr．Their mother struggles with drug addiction(上瘾)，and they are not in touch with their dad．

　　Ray Ray didn’t want to see his brother go into foster(收养)care, where they both had spent time．The brothers now live together in an apartment near the campus in Clemson, South Carolina．

　　Clemson Tigers fans aren’t the only people supporting Ray Ray．Sports Illustrated, ESPN and ABC news have featured the story．The brothers have received praise and many offers of help．But Ray Ray attends the university on a scholarship．Under the rules, he can’t accept money or gifts．Coaches’family members can’t even give Fahmarr a ride home from school．

　　This changed a few weeks ago, when the National Collegiate Athletic Association allowed Clemson to set up a trust fund(基金)for Fahmarr．It will help provide for his basic needs, including food and clothing．But the brothers can give each other something that all the money in the world can’t buy．Ray Ray says he hopes to instill(灌输)qualities of“strength and intelligence”in Fahmarr．He says having his brother around is“a great thing, knowing he will grow up right．”

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The exploration of space has been important in American’s history．American astronauts have walked on the moon, lived on the Mir space station, and orbited the earth many times in the space shuttle．

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　　Anger is good for you as long as you control it，according to a new psychology research．A new study from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger may help people reduce the negative effects of stress and help you become healthier．

　　“Here getting emotional is not bad for you if you look at the case of anger,”said Jennifer Lerner of Carnegie Mellon．“The more people display anger，the lower their stress responses．”

　　Lerner studied 92 UCLA students by asking them to count back from 6,200．They must say out loud every thirteenth number．Researchers disturbed them by asking them to count faster or ask them other questions．If they made any mistake，they had to restart from the very beginning．Many students felt depressed about making so many mistakes or got angry．

　　Lerner used a hidden video camera and recorded all their facial expressions during the test．The researchers describe their reactions as fear，anger and disgust(厌恶)．

　　Other researchers recorded the students’ blood pressure，pulse and production of a high－stress hormone(荷尔蒙)called cortisone．People whose faces showed more fear during the experiment had higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone．Both can have lasting effects such as diabetes(糖尿病)，heart disease，depression and extra weight gain．

　　When people feel fear，negative effects increase, but when they get angry，those negatives go down，according to the study．

　　“Having that sense of anger leads people to actually feeling some power in what otherwise is a maddening(令人发狂的)situation,”Lerner said．

　　Lerner previously studied Americans’ emotional response to the 911 terrorist attacks two months after the incident．She found people who reacted with anger were more optimistic．These people are healthier compared with those who were frightened during the event．So in maddening situations，anger is not a bad thing to have．It’s a healthier response than fear．

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　　Read the following reviews for movies that are showing at the moment．And then answer questions．

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　　Happiness(Romance)★★★★

　　Happiness tells the story of two people(Lisa Turbot and Danny Roy)who work for different advertising companies．They talk on the phone all the time and do not like each other．But then they correspond by e-mail and fall in love．This movie will be very popular with teenagers and people who like romances．It also has beautiful music．

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　　I Scream(Thriller)★★

　　In I Scream，Paul(Colin Jacks)is a young man who joins a thriller club．Each of the members tries to frighten the others．Paul is told to stay in an old house for the night．Everyone who has tried to stay in the house before has died．This movie is very frightening but also quite silly．It does not make sense for Paul to stay in the house when things start to go wrong．Only for people who like thrillers．

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　　Paul’s Heroes(comedy)★★★

　　This is a very funny war movie set in World War Two．Six soldiers(including Sammy Tur- blow)have to get to Italy to take secret messages to the American army there．During the movie，they dress up as women and fight with Italian workers．You can guess the ending，but it is great fun getting there．

　　________________(Drama)★★★★

　　This is a very good drama with Jack Ross, who plays a hard－working truck driver．His wife becomes ill and he has to find a doctor who can help her．In his travels he meets Dr Lloyd(Phil Driver)who has found the cure for the illness，but Jack Ross has only twelve hours to get the medicine back to his wife on the other side of America．This is an excellent movie，which is very exciting．

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阅读理解

　　What you give your relatives and friends can help you know yourself better．Also, what they give you can tell you something about their personality．Most gift－giving(and getting)shows nothing more than the spirit of love and friendship．But it is possible to form some connections between the kinds of things brought and the people who buy them．Here is a guide to who gives what and why．

　　The clothes you wear tell something about your personality．They tell the world not only how you want to be seen but how you see yourself as well．When someone gives you something to wear that agrees with your self-image, they’re saying, “I agree with you．I like you the way you are．” Such a gift should be taken as a form of compliment(赞美)．On the other hand, a gift of clothing that doesn’t match your personality could be an insult(侮辱)to your character．

　　Making something by hand has become the exception in many countries today．If you receive a homemade gift, you’re lucky．It may not be made perfectly, but it will show a certain quality of love．They’ve given time and emotion, two important characteristics of being creative．

　　A person who thinks of food when thinking of gifts is a good example of what human warmth means．Whether you give a box of chocolate, a bag of oranges, or a ball of cheese, all carry the same message of comfort and support．

　　People who give books as gifts either like reading or would like everyone to think they do．If you happen to receive a large heavy book, its giver may be much more interested in the way things appear than in the way they actually are．Of course, reading is a way of new things．Giving a book can be a way of sharing a feeling or newly learned meaning．The giver is probably trying to say to you what the book said to him．

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　　Space is dangerous place, not only because of meteors(流星)but also because of rays from the sun and other stars．The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth．Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat．Heat, too, makes our environment endurable．Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation(辐射)from the sun are screened off．As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage．

　　Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space．The unit of radiation is called “rem”．Scientists have recon to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on．The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damagea person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed(畸形的)children or even grandchildren．

　　Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high amount of rems．So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short．We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory．Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far．

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Pain in the neck

　　We all know what it is like to be unable to turn your head because of a cold in the muscles of your neck, or because an unexpected twist has made your neck ache and stiff．Your whole body feels tight．The slightest move makes you jump with pain．Nothing could be worse than a pain in the neck．

　　That is why we use the phrase to describe some people who give you the same feeling．We have all met such people．

　　One is the man who always seems to be clapping his hands－often at the wrong time－during a performance in the theater．He keeps you from hearing the actors．

　　Even worse are those who can never arrive before the curtain goes up and the play begins．They come hurrying down to your row of seats．You are comfortably settled down, with your hat and heavy coat in your lap．You must stand up to let them pass．You are proud of your selfcontrol after they have settled into their seats…Well, what now…Good God, one of them is up again．He forgot to go to the men’s room, and once more you have to stand up, hanging on to your hat and coat to let him pass．Now, that is “a pain in the neck”．

　　Another, wellknown to us all, is the person sitting behind you in the movies．His mouth is full of popcorn; he is chewing loudly, or talking between bites to friends next to him．None of them remain still．Up and down, back and forth, they gofor another bag of popcorn, or something to drink．

　　Then, there is the man sitting next to you at a lunch counter smoking a smelly cigar．He wants you to enjoy it too, and blows smoke across your food into your mouth．

　　We must not forget the man who comes into a bus or subway car and sits down next to you, just as close as you will let him．You are reading the newspaper and he leans over and stretches his neck so that he can read the paper with you．He may even turn the paper to the next page before you are ready for it．

　　We also call such a person a “rubber neck”, always stretching his neck to where it does not belong, like neighbors who watch all your visitors．The enjoy invading your privacy．People have a strong dislike for rubbernecks．They hate being spied upon．

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　　WASHINGTON(Reuters)Twothirds of the world's polar bear population could be gone by 2050 if predictions of melting sea ice hold true, the U．S．Geological Survey reported on Friday．

　　The fate of polar bears could be even worse than that estimate, because sea ice in the Arctic might be disappearing faster than the available computer models predict, the geological survey said in a report aimed at determining whether the big white bear should be listed as a threatened species．

　　"There is a definite link between changes in the sea ice and the welfare of polar bears," said Steve Amstrup, who led the research team．He says Arctic sea ice is already at the lowest level this year and is expected to retreat(退却)farther this month．

　　That means that polar bears some 16,000 of them will disappear by 2050 from parts of the Arctic where sea ice is melting most rapidly, along the north coasts of Alaska and Russia, researchers said in a telephone briefing(简报)．

　　Other polar bear populations could survive beyond that date but many of those could be gone by 2100, Amstrup said．By century's end, the only polar bears left might live in the Canadian Arctic islands and along the west coast of Greenland．

　　"It is likely to result in loss of approximately twothirds of the world's current polar bear population by the mid 21st century," the report summary said．

　　"Because the observed trajectory(轨迹)of Arctic sea ice decline appears to be underestimated(低估)by currently available models, this assessment of future polar bear status may be conservative(保守的)．"

　　In January, the U．S．Fish and Wildlife Service suggested listing the polar bear as a threatened species, noting polar bears depended on sea ice as a platform to hunt seals, their main food．

　　Without enough sea ice, polar bears would be forced onto land, but they are inefficient hunters once they get out of the water and ice, the researchers said．The bears' disappearance would probably take place as young cubs(幼兽)failed to survive to adulthood and females were unable to reproduce successfully．

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阅读理解：

　　The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation．All high school graduates ought to go, because college will help them earn more money, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don’t go．

　　But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone．And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don’t fit the pattern are becoming more and more, and more obvious．College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students get in the way of each other’s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the competition for admission to graduate school．Others find no interest in their studies, and drop out－often encouraged by college administrators．Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves－they are spoiled and they are expecting too much．

　　But that is a condemnation(谴责)of the students as a whole, and does not explain all campus unhappiness．Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right．We’ve been told that young people have to go to college because our economy cannot take in an army of untrained 18 year olds．But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer take in an army of trained 22 year olds, either．

　　Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school．We may have been looking at all those surveys upside down, it seems, and thinking of the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences．Perhaps college does not make people intelligent(clever), ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things－maybe it is just the other way round, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick learning people are only the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place．And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not．This is heresy(异端邪说)to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if little schooling is good, more has to be much better．But opposite evidence is beginning to mount up．

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