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　　Almost every child is scared of something, from monsters in the cupboard to dogs in the park．But the fact that such fears are common and normal doesn’t mean they can be taken lightly．Kids experience fears and phobias(恐惧症)much more strongly than adults．And the influence of the fear can be physical as well as psychological(心理的)．It can build up so they almost seem scared of everything－a kind of childhood anxiety．Dr. Creswell says．“Your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence in his or her ability to deal with any challenge．”So don’t make the same old mistake of treating them as if they’re silly for being a “scaredy cat．”Handing the fears is essential．

　　Children can be born nervous and, if you have such a baby, you’ll tend to prevent them from getting worried．So if they fear dogs, you’ll keep them away from dogs, but in fact that can just confirm to the child that dogs are scary．What is worse, keeping your child away from what they fear can turn that feeling into a phobia．Instead, you should encourage them to get in touch with the thing they fear, in a safe and supportive environment．Dr．Andy Field, a researcher of childhood fears, says, “You shouldn’t force, for example, a dog anxious child to go up to a dog, But you can approach it yourself, show them there is nothing to be afraid of, stroke(抚摸)it, and talk about the dog being friendly．Once your child dares to stroke a dog－one that’s good with children, of course－then you should encourage them to carry on until they feel calmer, and reward them for‘being brave．’”

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April Fool’s Party

　　On Friday, April 1, Inner Affair goes back to the days of funk! Classic Tunes from the 1970s and 1980s by Djs Den & Sino.9 p.m. till late．

　　Tickets：Free entrance for those in costume, otherwise 50 yuan(US ＄6)

　　Time/date：9pm, April 1

　　Place：Inner Affair, 1/F, Qiankun Dasha, 6 Sanlitun Xiliujie, Chaoyang District

　　Tel：8454－0321

Language in Use

　　Enjoy free in-house coffee, tea and beer as well as music and dancing．Practise your Chinese, make friends and have fun．

　　Time/date：7 to 9 pm, March 25

　　Place：Language In Use Club, 2/F, Science Fortune Center, 8 Xueqing Lu, north of Xueyuan Lu, Haidian District

The “Worst” Party

　　Organized by ozone productions, the party is set to be “the worst ever”, with the lamest music from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s．Special prizes will be awarded to the worst dressed or for bad fashion sense．

　　Tickets：Free entrance

　　Time/date：9pm, April 1

　　Place：Pula pula, Tianze Lu, Oriental Seven Colours Plaza, Chaoyang District

　　Tel：6462－9110

La Nuit Franeaise

　　Again on the 2nd Thursday of the month La Nuit Francaise will be held at Le Rendez-vous．The monthly event is an opportunity for all French people and everyone interested in France or speaking French to gather together．

　　The evening features three glasses of wine and canapés for participants and a special exhibition．

　　Time/date：7 to 10 pm, April 14

　　Place：Le Rendez-vous, 3 Gongiti Beilu, across from the Pacific Century Plaza, Chaoyang District

Marco V

　　Dutch DJ Marco V drops by Banana for a gig(演奏)which is supported by Hong kong’s DJ Spark．

　　Marco V had been around for many years, as an inventive, style-blending deejay(播音员)and a successful and devoted producer．His spinning is energetic, crowed-pleasing and never sees an empty dance floor．He was ranked No．15 in this year’s international DJ MAG Top 100．

　　Tickets：40 yuan(US ＄4.80)in advance, 50 yuan(US ＄6)at the door, both include a free drink．

　　Time/date：10 pm to 4 am, March 31－April 1

　　Place：Banana, in the lobby of the Seiteeh Hotel, 22 jianwai Dajie, Chaoyang District

　　Tel：6524－3636

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　　Last August, Joe and Mary Mahoney began looking at colleges for their 17-year-old daughter, Maureen．With a checklist of criteria in hand, the Dallas family looked around the country visiting half a dozen schools．They sought a university that offered the teenager’s intended major, one located near a large city, and a campus where their daughter would be safe．“The safety issue is a big one,” says Joe Mahoney, who quickly discovered he wasn’t alone in his worries．On campus tours other parents voiced similar concerns, and the same question was always asked：what about crime? But when college officials always gave the same answer－“That’s not a problem here,”－Mahoney began to feel uneasy．

　　“No crime whatsoever?” comments Mahoney today．“I just don’t buy it．”Nor should he：in 1999 the U．S．Department of education had reports of nearly 400000 serious crimes on or around our campuses．“Parents need to understand that times have changed since they went to college,” says David Nichols, author of Creating a Safe Campus．“Campus crime mirrors the rest of the nation．”

　　But getting accurate information isn’t easy．Colleges must report crime statistics(统计数字)by law, but some hold back for fear of bad publicity, leaving the honest ones looking dangerous．“The truth may not always be serious,” warms S．Daniel Carter of Security on Campus, Inc．, the nation’s leading campus safety watchdog group．

　　To help concerned parents, Carter promised to visit campuses and talk to experts around the country to find out major crime issues and effective solutions．

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　　Before the earthquake in China’s Sichuan Province, 38-year-old Sarah Bexell was working to develop a new environmental consciousness(意识)among Chinese people and to encourage them to protect wildlife and habitat-in particular, that of the giant panda．

　　Bexell, an American who is the director of conservation education at the Chengdu Research Base for Giant Panda Breeding．Bexell has spent a lot of time teaching young people the value of protecting the environment．

　　“The younger generation in China can afford to care,” Bexell said before the earthquake．“They’re not starving．They have food, good jobs, and access to education．”

　　Now, Bexell worries about the people she has been working with and who are up in the mountains．She doesn’t know whether they and their families are safe．And she knows the work to which she is devoted has become more urgent during the immediate crisis．

　　Bexell and her Chinese colleagues have been trying to spread the message that the tourist boom, population growth, and pillaging(掠夺)of resources form terrible threats to the environment．

　　There are stories of pandas wandering out of the forest and into villages．This is a troubling sign for what should be a rare species．

　　To make matters worse, there are fears that with the earthquake and landslides, bamboo could massively die off．That’s the main food source for the giant pandas, whose habitat was already damaged．

　　In April, Bexell took Block way up a twisting mountain road into the Longxi-Hongkou National Nature Reserve．The reserve was set up in 1997 to protect the giant panda and its habitat．It was very near the epicenter(震中)of the earthquake, so this area suffered severe damage．

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　　Have you ever dreamed of visiting a planet in the Milk Way(银河系)?While the trip sounds exciting, it would take years and years to reach your destination．So in the future, bedtime for astronauts may be more than a few hours of regular shut-eye．They would have to sleep for years．

　　European researchers are now conducting hibernation(冬眠)experiments．The study may help them understand whether humans could ever sleep through the years it would take for a spaceflight to distant planets．“If there was an effective technology, it could make deep-space travel a reality,” said Mark Ayre of the European Space Agency last month．

　　What seems like science fiction is not completely unlikely．Researchers have been able to use chemicals to put living cells into a sleep-like state．They have now moved on to small, non-hibernating mammals like rats．

　　A major challenge is the fact that cells can be very simple systems, whereas body organs are far more complex．“It’s like moving from a simple Apple computer to a supercomputer,” said Marco Biggiogera, a hibernation researcher at Italy’s University of Pavia．Just like bears and frogs, the hibernation of human beings would cause a person’s metabolism(新陈代谢)to lower so they would need less energy．

　　Medical research, however, is just half of a spaceflight hibernation system．There is the challenge of designing a suitable protective shelter(栖身所)．Such a shelter would provide the proper environment for hibernation, such as the proper temperature It would also have to monitor(监控)life functions and serve the physiological needs of the hibernator．

　　According to Ayre, the six-person human Outer Planets Exploration Mission to jupiter’s moon(木星的卫星)Callisto, could be an opportunity to use human hibernation．The mission aims to send six humans on a five-year flight to Callisto, where they will spend 30 days, in 2045．

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　　Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors(流星), but also because of rays from the sun and other stars．The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on the earth．Light gets through, and this is necessary for plants to make the food which we eat．Heat, too, makes our environment suitable to live．Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off．As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage．

　　Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space．The unit of radiation is called “rem”．Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem

　　without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on．The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed(畸形的)children or even grandchildren．Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo crew accumulated a large amount of rems．So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short．We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory．Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far．

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PENRICE

COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Cornwall County Counicl

We Need Two

ASSISANT HEADTEACHERS

From January 2006

L13－17(￡44, 703－￡49, 314)

　　Penrice Community College is a highly regarded and successful 11－16 specialist languages college．Following the recent appointment of a new headteacher we’re restructuring the leadership team to create two new roles．

　　One post will involve leading teaching teams with responsibility for developing curricula(课程)and time-tabling．

　　The other post will be leading student based teams and responsibility for student learing outcomes and the removal of barriers to student success such as poor attendance or disaffection．

　　Penrice Community College is：

　　　　　　　　　　A school with 1, 350 wonderful students

　　　　　　　　　　High achieving with results well above average

　　　　　　　　　　Mentioned twice in HMCl’s outstanding schools list

　　　　　　　　　　A British Council International School

　　　　　　　　　　Situated in a beautiful part of mid-Cornwall

　　All enquires for information and application packs should be made to Danielle Eyres on 01726－72613 or at secretary@penricornmvall.sch.uk

　　Closing date for applications is Tuesday October 4^th at noon．Interviews will be held on Monday 17^th and Tuesday 18^th October 2005．

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　　Robert Spring, a 19^th century forger(伪造者), was so good at his profession that hs was able to make his living for 15 years by selling false signatures of famous Americans．Spring was born in England in 1838 and arrived in Philadelphia in 1858 to open a bookstore．At first he prospered(繁荣)by selling his small but genuine collection of early US autographs(亲笔签名)．Discovering his ability at copying handwriting he began imitating the signatures of George Washington and Benjimin Franklin and writing them on the title pages of old books．To lessen the chance of detection(被发现)．He sent his forgeries to England and Canada for sale, Forgers have a hard time selling products．A forger cannot approach a respectable buyer but must deal with people who don’t have much knowledge in the field．Forgers have many ways of making their works look real．For example, they buy old books and use the aged paper of the title page, and they can treat paper and ink with chemicals．

　　In Spring’s time, right after the Civil War, Britain was still fond of the southern states, so Spring invented a respectable young lady known as Miss Fanny Jackson, the only daughter of General “Stonewall” Jackson．For several years Miss Fanny’s financial problems forced her to sell a great number of letters and manuscripts(手稿)belonging to her famous father．Spring had to work very hard to satisfy the demand．However, all this activity did not prevent Spring from dying in poverty, leaving sharp-eyed experts the difficult task of separating his forgeries from the originals．

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　　The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists．It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited．To feed a large population, inferior(较差的)land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively．Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population．Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them．

　　One of the difficulties in carrying out a worldwide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food raw materials．In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be．In a highly industrialized society, the problem may be more complex．A decreasing birthrate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods．When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened．Faced with considerations such as these; the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline．

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　　China recorded fewer traffic accidents in 2001 than in 2000 and a lower going continued in January this year．

　　The traffic accidents in 2001 totaled 270, 000, fewer by 20, 000 than in 2000．

　　But the number of the dead for 2001 was 54, 000, an increase of 1, 000 from the year before．The increase was not as slow as that in recent years．

　　A government official said in Beijing yesterday that 3, 812 persons were killed in highway traffic accidents last month, a group of 12.8 percent from January 2001．He also said there were 21, 201 traffic accidents in the first month of the year, 10.1 percent fewer than January last year, and 11, 700 people．

　　The traffic accidents last year caused a loss worth 27.32 million yuan, about 2.9 million US dollars．

　　Economic Daily also said 170, 000 persons were injured in the traffic accidents in 2001, fewer by 10, 000 than in 2000．

(From China Daily, February 16, 2002)

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