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　　It's school time again! You're probably feeling excited and maybe a little sad that summer is over．Some kids feel nervous or a little scared on the first day of school because of all the new things：new teachers, new friends, and even a new school．Luckily, these “new” worries only stick around for a little while．Let's find out more about going to a new school．

　　Most teachers kick off the new school year by introducing themselves and talking about all the stuff you'll be doing that year．Some teachers give students a chance to tell something about themselves to the rest of the class, too．When teachers do the talking on the first day, they often go over classroom rules and school rules so you'll know what's allowed and what's not．Please pay close attention

　　You might already know a lot of people in your classes on the first day, but it's a great day to make a new friend, so try to say hello to kids you know and new ones that you don't．Make the first move and you'll be glad you did, and so will your new friend!

　　Seeing friends you haven't seen in a while can make the first day a good one．You can make the day feel special by wearing clothes that you really like．Maybe you got a great T-shirt on one of your vacations, or a pair of sneakers(运动鞋)．It also can make you feel good to be prepared and have all the things you need, such as pencils, folders, and whatever else you'll be needing．But make sure that you pack them the night before in case you don't have time in the morning．

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Dear all,

　　Please read Professor Hume's email about his next lecture on Rosa Parks．

　　Susan Miller

　　Secretary

　　Dear Susan,

　　Please forward this message to students of my history class．

　　Besides the life story of Rosa Parks in the textbook, the students are also required to read the passage below and some related stories that can be borrowed from the school library．

　　Ted Hume

　　The early experiences of Rosa Parks(1913-2005), long known as the “mother of the civil rights movement, ”were not different from those of many African-Americans at that time．The black woman, however, turned the course of American history in December 1955 when she refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man．“By sitting down, ”remarked John Lewis, “she was standing up for all Americans．”

　　Among the numerous awards Parks received in her life were the Presidential Medal of Freedom(1996)and the Congressional Gold Medal(1999)．

　　Parks died on Oct．24, 2005．At St．Paul A．M．E．Church in Montgomery, a large crowd including Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice celebrated her life．Rice said she and others, who grew up when the political activities of Parks held public attention, might not have realized her impact(影响)on their lives, “but I can honestly say that without Mrs．Parks, I probably would not be standing here as Secretary of State．”

　　After her casket(灵柩)was placed at the Capitol, U．S．President Bush, members of Congress and ordinary Americans paid their respects．In American history Parks is the first woman to lie in state at the Capitol, a very high regard usually reserved for Presidents of the United States．

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　　Camp memories last forever! We make sure they are unforgettable!

　　Shadow Ridge Summer Camps offer so many exciting things for campers to do．Unlike other camp programs that include horses as a small part of their program, at Shadow Ridge horses ARE the program! We are 100％horse from stable(马厩)management, nature walks, and track rides to bedroom furnishings．

　　Horses help us achieve many of our aims．Girls can learn to develop responsibility, self-confidence and personal connections in their lives while having fun．Using horses as a wonderful tool for education, our camps offer an interesting place for growth and learning．

　　Imagine each girl having her very own horse to spend time with and a best friend to love and take care of．Each camper is responsible for a horse for the week．Our riding program provides a lot of riding and lesson time．Campers will learn how to take care of the horse and the tack(马具), as well as how to ride．Days are filled with horse-related activities to strengthen the connection between each girl and horse, as the girls learn to work safely around the horses．

　　At Shadow Ridge we try to create a loving, caring family atmosphere for our campers．We have “The Bunkhouse”(4 girls), the“ Wranglers Roost”(4 girls), and “The Hideout”(2 girls)in our comfortable 177-year-old farm house．All meals are home cooked, offering delicious and healthy food for the hungry rider．

　　Our excellent activities create personalized memories of your child's vacation, Each child will receive a camp T-shirt and a photo album(usually 300-500 pictures)of their stay at camp．

　　Our camps are offered during June, July and August 2007, for small groups of girls aged 13-16 years, not only from Canada but also other parts of the world．

　　We will send you full program descriptions at your request．

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　　It's great fun to explore(探索)new places－it feels like an adventure, even when you know you're not the first to have been there．But make sure not to get lost or waste time going round in circles．

　　● Do the map reading if you're being driven somewhere．It'll be easier if you keep turning the map so it follows the direction you' re traveling in．Keep looking ahead so that you can give the driver lots of warning before having to make a turn, or you'll have to move to the back seat．

　　● Get a group of friends together and go exploring．You'll need a good map, a compass(指南针), a raincoat, a cell phone to call for help in case you get lost, and a bit of spare cash for emergencies(应急现金)．Tell someone where you're going before you set out and let them know what time you expect to be back．The test is in not getting lost, not in seeing how fast you can go, so always stick together, waiting for slower friends to catch up．

　　● See if your school or a club organizes orienteering activities, in which you need a map and a compass to find your way．This can be done as a sport, with teams trying to find the way from A to B(and B to C, etc．)in the fastest time, or simply as a spare-time activity．Either way, it's not only good fun, but a great way to keep fit．

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　　Jim suffered heart problems．In conversation he expressed little joy and it seemed that his life was drawing to a close．

　　When his heart problems led to operation, Jim went through it successfully, and a full recovery was expected．Within days, however, his heart was not beating properly．Jim was rushed back to operation, but nothing was found to explain the cause of his illness．He died on the operating table on the day before his 48th birthday．

　　Dr．Bruce Smoller, a psychologist(心理学家), had had many conversations with him, and the more he learned, the stranger he realized Jim's case was．When Jim was a child, his father, a teacher, suffered a heart attack and stayed home to recover．One morning Jim asked his father to look over his homework, promising to come home from school at noon to pick it up．His father agreed, but when Jim returned his father had died．Jim's father was 48．

　　“I think all his life Jim believed he killed his father,” Dr．Smoller says．“He felt that if he had not asked him to look at his homework, his father would have lived．Jim had been troubled by the idea．The operation was the trial(判决)he had expected for forty years．“Smoller believes that Jim willed himself not to live to the age of 48．

　　Jim's case shows the powerful role that attitude(态度)plays in physical health, and that childhood experiences produce far-reaching effect on the health of grown-ups．Although most cases are less direct than Jim's, studies show that childhood events, besides genes, may well cause such midlife diseases as cancer, heart disease and mental illness．

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　　I believe that my country, Poland, is a perfect example for a place where food is particularly important．When we were little children, we began to understand how much a loaf of bread meant to our parents－to some it might sound silly but for me the custom of kissing bread before you started cutting it was simply amazing．It's not so common nowadays to treat food that way, since you hardly ever bake your own bread．Besides, everyone would call you crazy if you tried to kiss every bread roll before you ate them! But though we no longer make our food from scratch(起点), some customs have been kept－that's why I feel so sorry every time I have to throw any food away－even though I no longer live with my parents and nobody would blame me for this anymore!

　　Many people of our nation are still working as farmers, eating what they grow and harvest and therefore enjoying everything more．It's widely known that you value more anything that needs your effort in the first place．In most homes in Poland, especially those of farmers, the whole family would try and have their meals together－extremely difficult now, but so rewarding(值得)! You can share other members' troubles and successes, give your children some attention, or just sit down for a moment instead of rushing through life aimlessly．Furthermore, your body, and stomach in particular will be very grateful(感激)for such a time!

　　In Poland, a wedding, Christmas or even a birthday is celebrated with a great meal．Women in the house get together and cook, sometimes for a few days before the event, and the extremely good or unusual food will be remembered and widely talked about．

　　You cannot over-value the importance of food in the country．What's more, almost everyone in Poland will be as interested in the topic as I am．

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One silly question I simply can't stand is “How do you feel?” Usually the question is asked of a man in action－a man on the go, walking along the streets, or busily working at his desk．So what do you expect him to say? He'll probably say, “Fine, I'm all right,” But you have put a bug(小虫子)in his ear－maybe now he's not sure．If you are a good friend, you may have seen something in his face, or his walk, that he overlooked(忽略)that morning．It starts worrying him a little．First thing you know, he looks in a mirror to see if everything is all right, while you go happily on your way asking someone else “How do you feel?” Every question has its time and place．It's perfectly acceptable, for instance, to ask “How do you feel?” if you're visiting a close friend in the hospital．But if the fellow is walking on both legs, hurrying to take a train, or sitting at his desk working, it's silly to ask him that silly question．When George Bernard Shaw, the famous writer of plays, was in his eighties, someone asked him．“How do you feel?” Shaw put him in his place．“When you reach my age”, he said, “either you feel all right or you're dead．”

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　　It was Monday．Mrs Smith's dog was hungry, but there was not any meat in the house．

　　Considering that there was no better way．Mrs Smith took a piece of paper, and wrote the following words on it：“Give my dog half a pound of meat．” Then she gave the paper to her dog and said gently：“Take this to the butcher(屠夫), and he's going to give you your lunch today．”

　　Holding the piece of paper in its mouth, the dog ran to the butcher's．It gave the paper to the butcher．The butcher read it carefully, recognized(认出)that it was really the lady's handwriting and soon did it as he was asked to．The dog was very happy, and ate the meat up at once．

　　At noon, the dog came to the shop again．It gave the butcher a piece of paper again．After reading it, he gave it half a pound of meat once more．

　　The next day, the dog came again exactly at noon．And as usual, it brought a piece of paper in the mouth．This time, the butcher did not take a look at paper, and gave the dog its meat, for he had regarded the dog as one of his customers．

　　But, the dog came again at four o'clock．And the same thing happened once again．To the butcher's more surprise, it came for the third time at six o'clock, and brought with it a third piece of paper．The butcher felt a bit puzzled．He said to himself, “This is a small dog．Why does Mrs Smith give it so much meat to eat today?”

　　Looking at the piece of paper, he found that there were not any words on it!

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　　Everyone needs friends．There is an old saying．“Friends are God's way of taking care of us．” But how do you find real friendship and keep it?

　　The American writer Sally Seamans tells young students some smart ways to find friends．Sally says finding friendship is just like planting a tree．You plant the seed(种子)and take care of it to make it grow．

　　First, you should choose a friend．What makes a good friend? It is not because a person has money or good looks．A good friend should be kind and patient(耐心的)．For example, if you have a bad day, a good friend should listen to your complaints and do his or her best to help．To make a friend, you cannot be too shy．You should make each other happy and share your lives．

　　But things cannot always be happy．Even the best friends have fights．What should you do when you have a fight with your friends? You have to talk to him or her．When there is no one around, have an honest talk．If he or she doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter．

　　There are three steps to being friends again：

　　Tell him or her how you are feeling; say what your friend has done wrong, and explain why you did this or that．Remember that friendship is the most important thing in your life．

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