阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　Cold weather can hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people．Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter(住所)as they are．Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors．This can put their pets in danger of serious illness．There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe．

　　Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad．If you have to take them out, stay outside with them．When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too．I you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non－frozen water．

　　If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter．They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere．Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality．Keep an eye on your pet's water．Sometimes owners don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can't get anything to drink．Animals that don't have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项．

　　Grown－ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since．A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water．He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away．He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son．A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears．

　　One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows：Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will

　　Remember it

　　In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them．We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks．We not only learn but overlearn．

　　The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule．that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood．

　　The law of overleatning explains why crammingJ(突击学习)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course．By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned．A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项．

　　About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film－studio(影棚)to take part in a crowd－scene．Although our "act" would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things．

　　We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path．Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie－camera was wheeled into position．The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby．Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path．A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in "snow"．Two more fans were turned on, and a "strong wind" blew through the trees．The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold．

　　The next scene was a complete contrast(对比)．The way it was filmed was quite unusual．Pictures taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen．An actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the water's edge on an island．By a simple trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio!

　　Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us．For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film” Stars”!

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项．

　　Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious．Most people, and many animals, like eating it．However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest and take the honey from it．Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them．In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper－ a little bird called a honey guide．

　　The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax in the beehives(蜂房)．The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees' nest．So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it．The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people．Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest．When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches．Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share．

　　Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it．The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away．They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项．

　　Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? Try some of these places：

　　Visit art museums．They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest．Many offer workshops for making hand－made pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings(签名)by children's favorite writers, and even musical performances and other arts．

　　Head to a natural history museum．This is where kids can discover the past from

　　dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky．Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up．

　　Go to a Youtheater．Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors．Pre－show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts．Puppet(木偶)making and stage make－up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find．

　　Try hands－on science．Visit one of the many hands－on science museums around the country．These science play－lands are great fun for kids and grown－ups alike．They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building．．When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Inside the pleasingly fragrant cafe, So All May Eat(SAME)in downtown Denver, the spirit of generosity(慷慨)is instantly noticeable ：A donation box stands in place of a cash register．Customers here pay only what they can afford, no questions asked．A risky business plan, perhaps, but SAME Café has done one unchangeable thing in the Mile High City for six years：Open only at midday, the restaurant provides poor local can instead volunteer as waiters and waitresses, and dishwashers, or took after the buildings and equipment for the cafe．

　　“It's based on trust, and it's working all right”, says co－owner Brad Birky, who started the café in 2006．With his wife Libby．Previously volunteering at soup kitchens, the Birkys were dissatisfied with the often unhealthy meals they served there．“We wanted to offer quality food in a restaurant where everyone felt comfortable, regardless of their circumstances,” Birky says．SAME's special lunch menu changes daily and most food materials are natural and grown by local farmers．The café now averages 65 to 70 customers(and eight volunteers)a day．And the spirit of generosity behind the project appears to be spreading．In early 2007, one volunteer who had cleared snow for his meals during the long winter said goodbye to the Birkys,” He said he was going to New Orleans to help with the hurricane clear up,” says Birky．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　If Confucius(孔子)were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles．IIe'd need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out．

　　While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day, few people in the United States will give him a passing thought．It's nothing personal．Most Americans don't even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes．

　　But this doesn't mean that Americans don't care about Confucius．In many ways he has become a bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of China．

　　In the past two decades, the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities．More recently, the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries．These schools teach both Chinese language and culture．The main courses of Chinese culture usually included Chinese art, history and philosophy(哲学)．Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantages of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Westerners philosophy．Students in the United States, at the same time, are racing to learn Chinese．So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States．Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers．

　　So the old thinker's ideas are still alive and well．

　　Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West．

　　As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West, even if his birthday is．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Astronauts on shorter shuttle missions(使命)often work very long days．Tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often used to finish the day's work．This type of schedute is far too demanding for long missions on the Internaitional Space Sttation(ISS)．ISS crewmembers usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year．They work five days on and two days off to mimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible．Weekends give the crew valuable．Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework．They can communicate with family and friends by email, isternet phone and throhgh

　　Private video conferenes．

　　While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in orbit, there are many familiar activetics that they can stil enjoy．Before a mission．The family and friends of each ISS crewmember put together a collection of family photos, messages, videos and reading material for

　　The astromauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the Earth．During ther missiom, the crew also receives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters．And as from early 2010, the internet became available on the ISS, giving astronaouts the chance to do some “web surfing(冲浪)” in their personal time．Besides relaxing with these more commom entertainments, astromauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in spaec．

　　Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in spaec is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth's vast land mass and oceans．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

Mini Book Excerpts(节选)

　　Biography

　　When Salinger learned that a car park was to be built on the land, the middle－aged writer was shocked and quickly bought the netghboring area to protect it… The townspeople never forgot the rescue and came to help their most famous neighbor．

　　J．D．Sulinger：A Life by Kenneth Slawenski(Random House, ＄27)Mystery(疑案小说)

　　“You're a smart boy．Benny's death was no accident, and you’re the only who saw it happen．Do you think the murderer should get away with it?” The boy was starting stubbornly at his lap again．

　　A thought suddenly occerred to Annika, “Did you …You recognized the man in the car, didn't you?”

　　The boy hesitated, twisting his fingers, “Maybe,” he said quitely．

　　Red Wolf by Liza Marklund(Atria Books, ＄25.99)

　　Short Stories

　　She wants to say to him what she has learmed, none of it in class．Some women are borm stupid, and some women are too smart for their own good．Some women are born to give, and some women only know how to take．Some women learn who they want to be from their mothers, some who they don't want to be．Some mothers suffer so their daughters won't．Some mothers love so their daughters won't．

　　You Are Free by Danzy Senna(Riverhead Books, ＄15)

　　Humor

　　Do your kids like to have fun? Come to Fun Times! Do you like to watch your kids having fun? Bring them to Fun Times! Fun Times! 's “amusement cycling” is the most fun you can have, legally, in the United States right now．Why spend thousands of dollars flying to Disney World when you can speng less than half to that within a day's drive lf most cities?

　　Happy And Other Bad Thoughts by Larry Doyle(Ecco, ＄14.99)

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项．

　　Holidays are really important．Many of us will have childhood memories of summer holidays where we were taken away from home to experience new environments and learn in different ways．

　　But holidays are expensive and, for those on low wages or living on benefits, they are often unobtainable．Even the cheapest holidays require travel and other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet．

　　For working parents, the long summer break can be a very difficult problem for childcare．When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks, there is a need to spread this across the year．Couples can find themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday．For some ’ this makes even an affordable family holiday difficult．

　　The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment．The number of children receiving free school meals is quite large in Nottingham and many schools have breakfast clubs to make sure that children get a healthy start to the day．Most schools undertake programs of group or individual educational support．Schools also have an important role in sofeguaiding children's welfare through the ongoing touch and support with their pupils．During the long summer holidays, much of this is missed．

　　While teachers are holidaying in the UK, many of their pupils spend the whole six weeks on the street where they live．The lack of free school meals for six weeks can result in pressure on a family budget and an inability to afford the inspiring experiences that help children to continue their learning．

　　In setting out its plans for a five－term year, Nottingham City Council(委员会)is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down lo four and a half weeks, with a more balanced five terms of roughly eight weeks, each followed by a two－week break．We believe this will give real “down time"for school staff and pupils alike but will be short enough not to cause a real break in learning．

　　We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff, particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities．However, this must be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care．

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