阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Children have their own rules in playing games．They seldom need a referee(裁判)and rarely trouble to keep scores．They don't care much about who wins or loses, and it does not seem to worry them if the game is not finished．Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly compared．They also enjoy games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall start, is almost a game in itself．

　　Grown-ups can hardly find children's games exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple games again and again．However, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons．He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinarily afraid．He becomes a leader when it comes to his turn．He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he has caught．It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their control．Everyone knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules．Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Brave Frenchman Found Half-way Around the World

　　(New York)A French tourist highly praise for rescuing a two-year-old girl in Manhattan said he did not think twice before diving into the freezing East River．

　　Tuesday's Daily News said the 29-year-old Julien Duret from France is the man left the spot quickly after the rescue last Saturday．

　　He lifted the little girl out of the water after she fell off the bank at the South Street Seaport museum．He handed the girl to her father, David Anderson, who had dived in after him．

　　"I didn't think at all, " Duret told the Daily News．"It happened very fast．I reacted very fast．"

　　Duret, an engineer on vocation, was walking with his girlfriend along the piet(码头)when he saw something falling into the water．He thought it was a doll, but realized it was a child when he approached the river．In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water．

　　When he reached the girl, she appeared lifeless, he said．Fortunately, when she was out of the water, she opened her eyes．

　　Anderson said his daughter slipped off the bank when he was adjusting his camera．An ambulance came later for her, said Duret, who was handed dry clothes from onlooker．Duret caught a taxi with his girlfriend shortly after．

　　The rescue happened on the day before he left for France．Duret said he did not realize his tale of heroism had greatly moved New York until he was leaving the city the next morning．

　　"I don not really think I am a hero, " said Duret, " Anyone would do the same thing．"

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给出的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Smoking, which may be a pleasure for some people, is a series of discomfort for their fellows．Medical scientists have expressed their concern about effect of smoking on the health not only of those who smoke but also those who do not smoke．In fact, non-smokers who take in the air polluted by tobacco smoke suffer more than the smokers themselves．A great number of students are trying to persuade the university to forbid smoking in classrooms．Believe they are completely right in their aim．However, I think it more important to achieve this by calling on the smokers to use good judgment and to show concern for others．Smoking is not allowed in theaters, cinemas and in other public places．Therefore, smoking must be forbidden in our classroom．Although many people have passed away for having smoked a lot and we call on people to give up smoking, yet many more that are following will turn down what we say every day, above all, the young people smoke a lot more．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给出的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Register(注册)in person

　　Register by phone

　　Register by mail

　　1781 N．Winchester ST．

　　Call 264 8833

　　Use form given

　　Chicago

　　This is an eight-hour course for beginners who want to learn how to use a 35mm camera．The teacher will cover such areas as kinds of film, light, and lenses(镜头)．Bring your own 35mm camera to the class．

　　Course Charge：＄150

　　Jan．10, 12, 17, 19, Tues．＆ Thurs．6-8p．m．

　　Marianne Adams is a professional photographer whose photographs appear in many magazines．

　　This twelve-hour course is for people who don't know very much about computers, but who need to learn about them．You will learn what computers are, what they can and can't do, and how to use them．

　　Course Charge：＄75

　　Equipment Charge：＄10

　　Jan．7, 14, 21, 28, Sat．9-12 a．m．

　　Joseph Saimders is a professor of computer science at New Urban University．He has over twelve years of experience in the computer field．

　　Do you want to stop smoking? Have you already tried to stop and failed? Now it is the time to stop smoking using the latest methods．You can stop smoking, and this twelve-hour course will help you do it．

　　Course Charge：＄30

　　Jan．4, 11, 18, 25 Mon．4-7 p．m．

　　Dr．John Goode is a practicing psychologist(心理学家)who has helped hundreds of people stop smoking．

　　This course on weekdays is for those who want to type as well as those who want to improve their typing．You are tested in the first class and practice at one of eight different skill levels．This allows you to learn at your own speed．Each program lasts 20 hours．Bring your own paper．

　　Course Charge：＄125

　　Materials Charge：＄25

　　Two hours each evening for two weeks．

　　This course is taught by a number of business education teachers who have successfully taught typing courses before．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给出的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　When you leave school，you can breathe sigh of relief(松口气) and leave learning behind，right? Wrong! Learning should last a lifetime．You exercise your body to stay strong，and you should exercise your mind to stay sharp．

　　An English idiom says，“You can't teach an old dog new tricks．” But scientists have discovered that isn't true．Older people can learn，and they should，in order to keep their brain active．Now a new trend has begun in several states in the US that encourages learning．Adults can attend One Day University．They can spend a Saturday or Sunday hearing four 70-minute lectures．Each one is given by a top university professor．One of the original participants said，“It's like a health club for the brain．” Also，universities like MIT have made all of their courses and lectures available online for free! Libraries offer learning programs too．With so much available，there is no excuse not to learn!

　　Learning is a habit．Don't leave it behind after you leave school．On the website lifehack．org，author Scott Young mentions several things to help you．

　　Always have a book．It doesn't matter if you read fast or slow．Just read．If you read just one book a week，you'll read 52 over the course of a year．Think of the knowledge you'll gain!

　　Practice it．As you read，do something with what you've learned．Don't just enjoy the mental exercise．Use the knowledge．If you read about painting，try it!

　　Make a “to learn” list．Compose a “to learn” list for yourself．Maybe you want to speak better English，play the piano，or cook French food．Whatever interests you，put it on your list and then make the time to do it．

　　Teach others．Whatever you learn，teach someone else．You'll not only help others but also understand what you’ve learned．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给出的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Chuck was thirteen when he came home from the hospital．He came home not because he was getting better but because he wanted to be with people he knew and loved when he died．I came by the house to visit him and his family several times a week during his treatment．On most of my visits, Chuck was very weak．But the last time I saw him alive, he was awake．“I have got something for you．” He pulled out a piece of crumpled(弄皱的)paper from under his pillow．“I want you to give this to my mom and dad after I die．You'll know when it's right, I guess, won't you? ”

　　“What is it? ” I asked．“It's a list of all the fun we had, and all the happy time when we laughed．” I almost gasped in great surprise．

　　“Like what? ” I asked quietly, trying to regain my calmness．

　　“Like the time when Mom, Dad, Chrissie, Linda and me were dressed up as fruits and Dad was driving us to a costume party．Dad was a bunch of grapes and I was an apple, and the others were different things like bananas and pears．”

　　And a policewoman pulled Dad over for speeding．When the policewoman came up to the car, she looked and started laughing so hard that she could hardly stand up．And we all started laughing and she said, “Where are you all heading-a salad bar? ” Dad said he was sorry to be speeding, but his kids were getting so ripe(成熟的)that they were starting to draw flies．And she laughed till she had to take off her dark glasses and wiped tears from her eyes．”

　　Chuck laughed and so did I．The list was full of laughing and fun．What a wonderful gift, I thought．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　In my first week as a graduate student at Cambridge University in 1 964 I came across a fellow student, two years ahead of me in his studies；he was unsteady on his feet and spoke with great difficulty．This was Stephen Hawking．I learned that he had a bad disease and might not live long enough even to finish his Ph．D．degree．

　　But, amazingly, he has reached the age of 70．Even mere survival would have been a medical wonder．but of course he didn't merely survive．He has become arguably the most famous scientist in the world-for his brilliant research, for his bestselling books, and, above all, for his astonishing success over adversity(逆境)．

　　In 1 964 Stephen received his“death sentence,”against ever celebrating this uniquely inspiring achievement．Stephen went from St．Albans School to Oxford University．He was a “laid back”undergraduate, but his brilliance earned him a first-class degree, and an“entry ticket”to a research career in Cambridge．

　　Within a few years of his disease he was wheelchair-bound, and his speech was unclear．But his scientific career went from strength to strength：he quickly came up with a series of insights into the nature of black holes and how our universe began．In 1974 he was elected to the Royal Society at the early age of 32．

　　The great at advances in science generally involve discovering a link between phenomena that were unconnected-for instance, Isaac Newton famously realized that the force making an apple fall was the same as the f0Ilce that held the moon and planets in their orbits．Stephen's

　　Theory has still not been tested．However, it has been hugely influential；indeed, one of themain achievements of string theory has been to confirm and build Oil his idea He has un-doubtedly done more than anyone else since Einstein to improve our knowledge of gravity and he is one of the top-10 living theoretical physicists．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance．The purpose is to let children learn from experience at an age when financial mistakes are not very costly．

　　The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family to family．Timing is another consideration．Some children get a weekly allowance．Others get a monthly allowance．

　　In any case, parents should make clear what, if anything, the child is expected to pay for

　　with the money．

　　At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it．If they do this, they will learn the hard way that spending must be done within a budget．Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until the next allowance．The object is to show young people that a budget demands choices between spending and saving．Older children may be responsible enough to save money for larger costs, like clothing or electronics．

　　Allowances give children a chance to experience the things they can do with money．They can share it in the form of gifts or giving to a good cause．111ey can spend it by buying things they want．Or they can save and maybe even invest(投资)it．

　　Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice：you have to cut costs and plan for the future．Requiring children to save part of their allowance Can also open the door to future saving and investing．Many banks offer services to help children and teenagers learn about personal finance．A savings account is an excellent way to learn about the power of compound interest(利息)．That may not seem like a lot．But over time it adds up．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A Blog as Therapy for Teenagers

　　In the days before the instantly typed “OMG Where R U? ” the first words many teenagers wrote during their worried moments were“Dear Diary．”After several paragraphs of writing adolescent anxiety onto paper, the diarist often felt better．Research has long backed the thera-peutic(治疗的)value of diary-keeping for teenage girls and boys．But according to a new study, when teenagers detail their troubles onto a blog, the therapeutic value is even greater．

　　To track teenagers’experiences with blogging, the researchers randomly surveyed high school students in Israel and selected 162 of them(124 girls and 38 boys)who exhibited some level of social anxiety or stress．The teenagers, who averaged 15 years old．said they had difficulty making new friends or relating to their existing friends．

　　The teenagers were averagely divided into six groups．The first two groups were asked to blog about their social difficulties, with one group asked to open their posts to comments．The second two groups were asked to blog．about whatever struck their adolescent fancy；again．with one group allowing comments．All four groups were told to write in their blogs at least twice a week．As a control, two more groups were told to keep either an old-fashioned print diary or to do nothing at all．

　　All of their blog entries were then gone Over by four psychologists to determine the authors' relative social and emotional state．In all the groups, the greatest improvement in mood occurred among those bloggers who wrote about their problems and allowed commenters to respond．Interestingly, the commenters on the blogs were almost supportive．

　　“The only kind of surprise we had Was that almost all comments made by readers were very positive and constructive in trying to offer support for suffering bloggers,”Dr．Barak wrote in an e-mail．The findings may hold in the real virtual world as well．“I definitely write posts in which I talk about trouble, and it helps me to relax,”said Royar Loflin, a 17-year-old blogger from Norfolk, Va．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　What if your school decided to give you cold hard cash in exchange for doing well in tests? Think you would work harder to improve your scores? That’ S the experiment being conducted by a number of schools in Virginia Beach and so far, the results have been quite encouraging．

　　However, before you get your hopes up, the encouragement is not being offered to kids in every grade-Only high school students who are motivated enough to register for Advanced Placement(AP)courses and, take the tests．

　　Also, not everyone who takes the test is qualified for the cash-Only students with a score of 3 and above maximum is 5), the level at which they are exempt(豁免)from taking the course in college, are rewarded．And while＄100 seems like a lot of money, most of it is used for paying to take the exams．The students usually end up getting about＄20 per test．

　　The funding for this program, which is being tested in about a dozen high schools, has been obtained from The National Math and Science Initiative, a public-private partnership set up to encourage high-school students to take up more challenging courses．

　　While this is a rather unusual way of encouraging students to step up to the challenge, it seems to be working．Salem High School, which is participating in the program, is experiencing a large increase in the number of students registering in AP courses．The teachers are also quite pleased-For not only are they receiving additional training, but also, funding in a large sum rather than piecemeal, enabling them to acquire the class materials all at one time．Sounds like a win-win for everyone．Do you think paying students to study is a good idea?

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