阅读理解

　　For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner．Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries：

　　Where is the line between what I control and what you do?

　　Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict．In part, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it．From the parents’ point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents’complete unreasonableness．And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely．Both feel trapped．

　　In this article, I'll describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap．The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things．Examples include the color of the teen's hair, the cleanliness of the bedroon, the preferred style of clothing, the child's failure to eat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends．Second, blaming．The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong．Third, needing to be right．It doesn'tmatter whether the topic is politics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to bresk an egg; the point of these atguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong for both wish to be considered an authority-someone who actually knows something-and therefore to command respect．Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they'll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress．

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阅读理解

　　Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals．They will spoil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively(过分地), fight other dogs and even bite you．Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing．The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting．

　　One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train(驯服)it．Obedience training doesn't solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem．Training opens up a line of communication between you and your dog．Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do．

　　Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order．When your dog obeys a simple request of “come here, and sit”, it is showing obedience and respect for you．It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the dog pack(群)by using extreme measures．You can teach your dog its subordinate(从属的)role by teaching it to show submission(服从)to you．Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accepts that you are in charge．

　　Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog．It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable．A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal．

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阅读理解

　　When people advise your children to“get an education”, they tell you only half the truth．What they really mean is to get just enough education to give manpower for your society．

　　Get a high school diploma, at least．Without that, you are occupationally dead, unless your name happens to be George Washingon or Thomas Edison and you can successfully stop study in primary school．

　　Get a college degree, if possible．With a BA, you should start to find a job．You have to put on the brakes now．If you do go for a master's degree, make sure it is an MBA and only from a first-class university．Otherwise, the famous law of diminishing(报酬递减率)begins to work．

　　Do you know, for example, that long-distance truck drivers make more money a year than full professors? Yes, each driver was paid ＄28, 000 in 1997 while a full professor managed to get ＄27, 930．

　　A PhD is the highest degree you can get, but except in a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry, where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial aim, you are facing a not very bright future．There are more PhDs unemployed in this country than in any other part of the world by far．

　　If you became a PhD in English or history or political sience or languages or－in philosophy, you take the risk of becoming over-educated for our national demands．

　　Thousands of PhDs ars selling shoes, driving taxis, waiting on tables and filling out applications month after month, and then may be taking a job in some high school or college with the pay much less than a door-keeper makes．

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阅读理解

　　Last July, my 12-year-old car died on California's Santa Freeway．It was an hour before sunset, and I was 25 miles from home．I couldn't reach anyone to pick me up, so I decided to take a bus．Not knowing the routes, I thought I should just go east．

　　A bus stopped．I got on and asked the driver how far she was going．“Ten more miles, ”she said．There was another bus I could take from here．This clearly was going to be a long night．

　　I got off at the end of the route and she told me which bus to look for．After waiting 30 minutes, I began to think about a very expensive taxi ride home．Then a bus came up．There was no light number above its windshield(挡风玻璃)．It was out of service, but the door opened．It was the same driver．“I just can't leave you here, ”she said．“This isn't the nicest place．I will give you a ride home．”

　　“You will drive me home on the bus? ”I asked, astonished．

　　“No, I will take you in my car, ”she said．

　　“It's a long way, ”I insisted．

　　“Come on, ” she said．“I have nothing else to do．”

　　As we drove from, the station in the car, she began telling me a story．A few days earlier, her brother had run out of gas．A good man picked him up, took him to a service station and then back to his car．“I'm just passing the favour on, ”she said．

　　When I offered her money as a thank-you, she wouldn't accept．“Just do something nice for somebody．Pass it on．”she said．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。

　　In your surroundings, nearly every person has his or her own way of doing things．Some people are outgoing, some enjoy keeping to themselves and others prefer a little of both．In fact, we can classify people into four basic personality types or behavioral styles．

　　Look around your office and see if you can see any of these people．We'll call the first person Dave．Dave likes immediate results and tends not to listen to details before making decisions．He acts quickly and often cuts people off mid-sentence．Then there's Stan．Stan is very predictable and patient．He's loyal to the organization and listens attentively．Or how about Ingrid? Ingrid is optimistic and looks for the best in everyone．She enjoys conversations, networking events and spreading her influence．She has recently bought a fitness center．She discovered that when the center is empty, she goes crazy．She likes to have people around her all of the time and can't stand the quiet of the afternoon．Finally, we have Catherine．Catherine is interested in accuracy and details．She enjoys working alone and prefers to use diplomacy(外交)to solve conflicts rather than action．

　　Each of them demonstrates one of the four primary behavioral styles．These are dominance(支配型), influence, steadiness and conscientiousness(思维清醒型)．Dominant people are direct and decisive; they like accepting challenges, taking action, and getting immediate results．Influential people are optimistic and outgoing; they prefer to participate in teams, share ideas, and entertain others．Steady people are sympathetic and cooperative; they like working behind the scenes and being good listeners．Conscientious people are concerned and correct; they like planning ahead, employing systematic approaches and checking and re-checking for accuracy．

　　Let's take Dave for example．He fits into the Dominance behavioral style．Dave likes to make quick decisions and solve problems, but he sometimes has trouble understanding that people need people and, as such, finds it hard to identify with the group．We need people like Dave because he moves things forward．To be most effective, Dave needs people who can handle the details he often ignores．

　　So which personality style is the best? Which is most effective? The answer is that each of us is effective in dealing with different people, problems, situations and careers; we each have our own style．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。

　　Short and shy, Ben Saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team．“Football, tennis, cricket-anything with a round ball, I was useless, ” he says now with a laugh．But back then he was the object of jokes in school gym classes in England's rural Devonshire．

　　It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him．At first the teen went biking alone in a nearby forest．Then he began to cycle along with a runner friend．Gradually, Saunders set his mind building up his body, increasing his speed, strength and endurance．At age 18, he ran his first marathon．

　　The following year, he met John Ridgway, who became famous in the 1960s for rowing an open boat across the Atlantic Ocean．Saunders was hired as an instructor at Ridgway's school of Adventure in Scotland, where he learned about the older man's cold-water exploits(成就)．Intrigued, Saunders read all he could about Arctic explorers and North Pole expeditions, then decided that this would be his future．

　　Journeys to the Pole aren't the usual holidays for British country boys, and many people dismissed his dream as fantasy．“John Ridgway was one of the few who didn't say, ‘You are completely crazy, ’ ” Saunders says．

　　In 2001, after becoming a skilled skier, Saunders started his first long-distance expedition toward the North Pole．He suffered frostbite(冻伤), had a closer encounter(遭遇)with a polar bear and pushed his body to the limit．

　　Saunders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the North Pole, and he's skied more of the Arctic by himself than any other Briton．His old playmates would not believe the transformation．

　　This October, Saunders, 27, heads south to explore from the coast of Antarctica to the South Pole and back, an 1800-mile journey that has never been completed on skis．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。

　　Beijing-“Ma”, a Chinese character for horse, is the 13^th most common family name in China, shared by nearly 17 million people．That can cause no end of confusion when Mas get together, especially if those Mas also share the same given name, as many Chinese do．

　　Ma Cheng's book-loving grandfather came up with an elegant solution to this common problem．Twenty-six years ago, when his granddaughter was born, he consulted his library of Chinese dictionaries and lighted upon a character pronounced “cheng”．Cheng looks just like the character for horse, except that it is condensed(压缩)and written three times in a row．

　　The character is so rare that once people see it, Miss Ma said, they tend to remember both her and her name．That is one reason she likes it so much．

　　Chinese parents’ desire to give their children a spark of individuality(个性)is colliding(冲突)with the Chinese government's desire for order．Seeking to modernize its vast database on China's 1.3 billion citizens, the government's Public Security Bureau has been replacing the handwritten identity card that every Chinese must carry with a computer-readable one, complete with color photos and microchips．The new cards are harder to forge(伪造)and can be scanned at places like airports where security is a priority．

　　The bureau's computers, however, are programmed to read only 32, 252 of the roughly 55, 000 Chinese characters according to a 2006 government report．The result is that Miss Ma and at least some of the 60 million other Chinese with obscure characters in their names cannot get new cards-unless they change their names to something more common．

　　Moreover, the situation is about to get worse or, in the government's view, better．Since at least 2003, China has been working on a standardized list of characters for people to use in everyday life, including when naming children．The list will aim to control the use of obscurenames．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　“I usually put my mobile phone in my bag, and I often feel like it is ringing when in truth there is no phone call．Now I always want to keep it in my hand, being afraid that I might miss important calls or messages, ” Miss Liu tells her doctor．

　　Miss Gu, a news worker, has to take her mobile phone with her all the time so as not to miss any calls from her office or readers．Day by day, she started to experience a great “panic” about her mobile phone．“Every night when I'm about to fall asleep, I often wake up with a start, feeling that my phone is ringing．Although I'm sure that I have turned it off, I still feel that it is ringing, clearly．”

　　The above phenomenon(现象)is what we call “mobile-phone acouasm(幻听)”．The mobile phone has now become a “new organ” in a white collar's daily life, and “mobile-phone acouasm” has become a common phenomenon among office workers．

　　According to a report of China Youth Daily, “mobile-phone acouasm” most likely results from people's dependency on hi-tech products．It is associated with certain professions, such as salesmen, consultants and journalists．They use mobile phones almost continuously．

　　Constantly(持续地)being in the “stand-by” mode, the strong psychological tension gives them acouasm．Meanwhile, a large number of this year's graduates are joining the family of acouasm suffers due to the hard job-hunting experience．

　　“You know that the rings are not from your phone, but you always take it out and have a look．This is subconscious(潜意识)from your body sending you a signal, telling you that you must take a break to reduce your pressure, ” Professor Sun Li from Huadong Normal University explains．

　　There are many ways to solve the problem．The professor says that the key is to deal with pressure from work．“This is just a kind of self-protection”; the most important thing is to find out the source of your pressure．And then take part in some activities that are not related to your work．You can do anything that can relax your body and mind．”

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Ellen Parker was worried about her health．She could not walk very quickly and it was difficult for her to climb stairs．She was soon out of breath．

　　“I suppose I had better go to the doctor．” she thought．

　　She went to the doctor and told him her problem．

　　“I'm not at all surprised．” he said, “I know what your problem is．”

　　He examined her and then gave her some advice．

　　“If you don't do what I say, Mrs．Parker, ” he said, “You will have a heart attack(心脏病发作)．It could kill you．”

　　Ellen was very worried as she left the doctors．She knew that she had to take his advice but that it would not be easy and it would take time．The next day she went shopping．The first shop she went into was a butcher shop(肉铺)．

　　“I'd like ten pounds of steak(牛排), please．” she said．

　　“Certainly, madam．” the butcher replied and went into the cold room and found a large piece of steak．He brought the huge piece of meat back into the shop and placed it on the scale(称)．

　　“That's just ten pounds．” he said．

　　“That's big enough．” Mrs．Parker said．

　　The butcher worked out the price．

　　“At ＄4.99 a pound that will be ＄49.90, please．Would you like me to cut it up into smaller pieces for you? ”

　　“Oh, I don't want to buy the meat．” Mrs．Parker said．

　　“If you don't want to buy it, ” the butcher replied angrily, “Why did you ask me to get it for you? ”

　　“My doctor told me that I am too heavy and have to lose ten pounds．I wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like．”

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　These days, there's a popular cartoon named happy sheep and gray wolf．It's an excellent Chinese cartoon, which tells the stories of happy sheep and gray wolf．The poor gray wolf is always trying hard to catch the sheep, but the sheep could always run away from the danger．The sheep are so clever and lovely that the cartoon gets all the children's love．At the same time, the cartoon is full of humor．The children could learn more knowledge and enjoyment from it．

　　The cartoon is shown repeatedly on many TV channels．The Zhejiang Channel broadcasts the cartoon on weekends and the vacations; the Sichuan Channel broadcasts the cartoon for an hour in the evening; the Shandong Channel broadcasts it in the morning, while CCTV-3 broadcasts it at noon every day．

　　On one hand, the cartoon gets the children's love because the happy sheep is really clever．He always has a way to work out any problem and save his friends．What's more, there're many things about happy sheep and gray wolf, such as the books, the toys, the pencil-box, the clothings, and so on．Children are happy to buy them．On the other hand, many adults(大人)also like the cartoon, for the gray wolf is regarded as the perfect husband with skills and effort．He invents many things just to catch a sheep for his wife．Though he is often hit by his wife, he always makes her happy without complaining(抱怨)．

　　We can learn more from the cartoon, including the skills, the stories, the details, the humor, and so on．We could see the humor of Chinese type during the cartoon．But I don't like its being shown so often．It may make the children spend more time on watching TV and it is bad for their health and study．

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