阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Last month, students from one hundred and three universities in eighty-eight countries took part in an international computer programming contest, which took place in Harbin, China．Three-person teams from each school had five hours to solve eleven real world problems．

　　The students first listed the problems in order of difficulty．Then they figured out the requirements of each．They designed ways to test their solutions．And they wrote the needed software systems．Even the winning team from Shanghai Jiaotong University in China was not able to solve all the problems within the given limit．Stanford's team solved five problems and finished in fourteenth place．Stanford was one of twenty-one American universities that took part in the contest this year．

　　The official name of the Battle of the Brains is the ACM International Collegiate Contest．The first final competition was held in 1977 at the Association for Computer Machinery Computer Science Conference．Today, a network of universities holds area competitions that send the winners to the world finals, now organized by IBM．

　　Contest spokesman Dong Heintzman says the world champions receive prizes and scholarships．They are also guaranteed an offer of employment or internship(实习)with IBM．He said, “We have had past world champions that IBM has gone and employed in our Zurich research laboratory and are now working on some of the leading edge materials in science and physics．We have a world finalist from China who's been working on the Watson Supercomputer that in the near future will be playing Jeopardy(一种超级计算机名称)against the best Jeopardy players in the world．So this competition is an opportunity to be recognized and to be recruited(招聘)by some of the top technology and research firms around the world．”

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Few in the west seemed to notice when the International Olympic Committee(IOC)decided to award the 2014 Winter Games to the Russian town of Sochi．Yet this choice if full of geopolitical meaning．

　　President Vladimir Putin flew to Guatemala to address IOC delegates before they voted, and surprised them by speaking in French and-for the first time ever in public -English．Later he declared that Sochi's victory was “not only a recognition of Russia's achievements in sports but also an assessment of our country”．

　　Sochi, located between the Caucasus and the Black Sea, has poor roads, one old resort and out-of-date facilities．In the next five years it will be transformed by a burst of constructions unprecedented(前所未有的)in the history of Russia．Winning the Olympic bid has given Russian politicians a focus, a ＄ 12 billion project they can use to showcase their power and that of their country．Several have already announced bid investments in Sochi．

　　Olympic planners will have to assure that the Sochi project dose not collapse under the weight of corruption(腐败), which Russian officials are famous for．With many eyes watching, they will also have to green landscape around Sochi, where some of Europe's last wild bears roar in primitive mountain forests, with more care for the environment than Russia has traditionally shown．

　　Sochi also sits on the edge of a region that has been boiling with ethnic(民族的)and political tensions since the collapse of the Soviet Union．In past centuries it was ruled by both Georgia and Abkhazia, which is now a breakaway region of Georgia．Russia backs the rebel regime in Abkhazia, but as the Olympics approach, it may feel it needs to be careful．

　　The president of Georgia, Mikhail Saakashvili, might have bitterly protested(反对)the Olympic Committee's decision to award the Winter Games to a country that actively supports rebels within Georgia．Instead he was wise enough to realize that this event could push Russia toward compromise(妥协)solutions in Abkhazia and perhaps even in Ossetia, Nagorno Karabakh and Chechnya．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Newspapers in the United States earn most of their money from selling space for advertising．The rates they charge are tied to the number of readers．But the number of people who buy newspapers has been falling for years．And this traditional business model had not worked very well on the Internet, especially in a bad economy．

　　Many newspaper companies have large debts from buying other papers．Some papers have recently closed or declared bankruptcy or reduced their operations．

　　Newspapers are looking for new ways to reinvent themselves and new ways to earn money．That includes giving new consideration to an old idea-charging for at least some of the material that most papers now publish online for free．

　　Internet access to newspapers means that more people may read the news, which is good for society．But good reporting costs money．The question is how much people are willing to pay for news that they have got used to receiving for free．

　　The look of American newspapers changed after USA Today arrived in 1982．Most of the stories were short．There was heavy use of color and images．People who compared it to television did not necessarily mean that as praise．But the new design succeeded and influenced many other papers．

　　Now newspapers are looking to redesign themselves for an increasingly online world．Millions of people would rather read papers like USA Today and The New York Times for free on the Web than pay for a printed version．Publishers who chose that business plan might regret it now, but they might not have had much choice．Survival means changing as conditions change．Like any other business, newspapers have to balance their needs with the need of their customers．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　We have only one earth．In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources, the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise．Actually, the past decades has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm．People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable(可持续的)ways．That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products．In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources．

　　Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries．According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decades．China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution．It is how trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains．In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil(棕榈油), which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest．In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50％．

　　Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets．First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions(排放)and targets for saving and reusing energy．Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development．Finally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one．

　　The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits of this single planet．That is no small task, but it offers new chances for sustainable product industries．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　You feel happiest when you create a healthy balance between giving and receiving．If you give and give without making time to fill your own needs, then it's likely you will bum out, or feel upset．When you take and take without giving anything back, you never feel fulfilled, so you are always searching for way to fill the void in your life．

　　The way to create a healthy balance between giving and receiving is to know and then live by you values．I break values up into two groups which I call being and having values．Your being values are the character traits of the ideal person you would like to be．I suggest to my clients that they choose three being values that they are willing to make a commitment(承诺)to live by．An example of some being values are：kind, loving, generous, inspirational, peaceful, wise and even powerful．By acting on these values you give to others through your actions and you inspire others by being a positive role model．Mastering being these character traits becomes your life purpose．

　　Your having values are the feelings you need to create in order to be happy．These could be companionship, achievement, support, being valued or financial security．This is what you receive．You take responsibility for filling your own needs by taking steps to create these feelings and conditions in your life．

　　When you make a commitment to live by your being values, it becomes easier to make conscious choices．If your usual pattern is to talk about your problems, you could choose to think and act like a calm person．A calm person might go for a walk, meditate(沉思), or set a time limit before responding．If your usual pattern is to worry, you could choose to act like a responsible or wise person．In other words, you would act like the person you choose to be? this is the key to personal power．

　　When you．choose to．act on your values, you not only feel good about yourself, you reinforce(加强)your chosen beliefs．Over time acting in this way changes how you see the world, and in turn the way other people think of you．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　A difficult birth, feet first, my head stuck．I was born disabled．By my first birthday, I couldn't stand or walk．

　　When I was three, the doctor told dad I had cerebral palsy(脑瘫)．A loss of oxygen to my brain had destroyed brain signals to the right side of my body．

　　But no son of my dad' s was going to be disabled．Every morning before breakfast and every evening before bed, my dad placed me on the bedroom floor to exercise my right leg．The muscles were shrunk and twisted together．Back and forth up and down, my dad pushed and pulled the muscles into shape．

　　But my dad' s exercise of passion didn't stop there．For my 13th birthday, he threw me a special party．When everybody was gone, he brought me to open a large box, it was a-set of boxing gloves．We put them on．My dad kept on beating me mercilessly．Each time I tried to get up, leather kissed my nose, eyes and jaw．I "begged him to stop．He said he beat me to get me ready for the tough world．

　　That same year, I was the only kid in my neighbourhood that wasn't picked for Little League．Two weeks later．Dad started the Shedd Park Minor League, and every kid played．Dad coached us and made me a pitcher(棒球投手)．

　　The power of my dad' s love guaranteed I walked and more．In high school, I became a football star．

　　In 1997, a brain surgeon in San Jose told me I didn't t have cerebral palsy after all．He explained how and where the doctor' s forceps(镊子)at birth had damaged my brain．

　　My dad never knew the whole truth since he passed away years ago．But all that counts is the bottom line．After all his madness, on this Father' s Day, like every Father' s Day, I' m no longer disabled．Thanks a Million, Dad．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　I came to study in the United States a year ago．Yet I did not know the American society until I was injured in a car accident．After the accident, I had to see a doctor and go to court．When the accident happened, my roommate called a doctor for me．I was very grateful and decided to repay him one day．But the next day, he asked me to pay him ＄200 for what he had done．I was astonished．He said he had good reason to charge me and that if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury, I'd have to have a good lawyer．Now that he had helped me to find a good doctor, it was only fair that I should pay him．

　　But every time I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes．He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another．Yet he charged me ＄115 each time．The final examination report only contained ten lines, and it cost me ＄215．

　　My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met．Butafter that he avoided seeing me at all．He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything．He simply waited to collect his money．He was so irresponsible that I decided to fire him．And he made me pay him ＄770．

　　Now I had to act as my own lawyer．Because of my inexperience, I told the insurance the date I was leaving America．Knowing that, they played for time．．．and I left without getting a cent．

　　My experiences taught me two things about America：firstly, in a country like America, money is everything．It is more important than friendship, honor or professional morality; secondly, foreigners are still being unfairly treated．So when we talk about America, we should See both its advantages and disadvantages．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　September can be a depressing month．The summer holidays are over, it's time to go back to work or school and Christmas is four months away．However, for some people it's the perfect time to get away．

　　These days more and more people are taking their holidays late in the year and for good reasons．Holidays in autumn can be cheaper, the resorts are less crowded and the weather isn't as extreme as it is in the summer．So, where are the best places to go? Here are our top tips．

　　Sardinia(in Italy)has an average temperature of 27℃ in September．It also has “Autunno in Barbagia”(Autumn in Barbagia)a series of festivals that take place in 27 villages in Barbagia, a mountainous region of inland Sardinia．The festivals continue from September to December, so there's always something happening．There are street markets, craft workshops and there's lots of eating and drinking(This is Italy, after all)．

　　Dubrovnik Croatia has become very popular in summer but it's quieter and more pleasant once the crowds have left．The weather is still warm but less humid．You can take a ferry to the popular beaches on the islands of Sunj and enjoy it with locals．

　　Dahab Egypt, is extremely hot in the summer with temperatures up to 38℃．However, the autumn is cooler while the sea is still warm．This makes Dahab the perfect place for snorkeling and windsurfing．There are also interesting historical sites to visit such as the Coloured Canyon, with its dramatic rock formations, and St Catherine's Monastery, at the foot of Mount Sinai．

　　Kas is a relaxed fishing village on the Lycian coast in southern Turkey．There are plenty of things to do and the temperature has dropped(so you can actually enjoy doing them!)Kas is a good place to stay if you want to walk part of the Lycian way：a long-distance footpath that stretches for 500km from Fethiye to Antalya through the ancient land of Lycia．There are also watersports, of course．The best time to go diving is supposed to be after the first rains of autumn(usually between late September and early October)when the fish become most active．

　　Marrakech Morocco is another good destination．The city itself is a fascinating place to spend a few days．When you have had enough of that, go to Tigmi, a beautiful hill town about 20 kilometers away．There's a hammam(a Turkish bath)and a large heated pool, which makes it the perfect place to relax．

　　Wherever you go this autumn-have fun!

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阅读理解

　　For Chinese students the end of their senior year is filled with studying and stress as they prepare for the college entrance exams in June．But for American high school seniors the experience couldn't be more different．The end of senior year is a celebration of their time in high school and involves parties, games and fun．

　　Senioritis is a commonly used expression．It means seniors have a disease which makes them unable to do work．This starts in April when seniors find out where they have been accepted to university．

　　Unwilling to do school work, seniors have plenty of other activities to focus on．Many schools have a “Senior Show”, in which only seniors are allowed to perform．Some seniors sing or dance but many of them perform skits(滑稽短剧), where they make fun of their favorite teachers or their friends．For example, a group of boys may dress up and imitate a group of their girl friends．It is all very light-hearted．

　　The “Senior Show” is usually a part of Senior Week, which is a week specifically dedicated(专用的)to seniors．During this week, seniors usually get academic or athletic awards they have won over their high school careers．The seniors also vote for one of their male and female classmates who they believe is the best-looking or funniest or most involved, etc．These are then published in the yearbook．

　　The yearbook is an important part of high school for seniors．It is usually dedicated to them and has all their pictures and a quote from them in it．Then seniors go around and get it signed by their friends so they can always remember their time together．

　　Of course during all of this time, seniors are preparing for the Senior Prom, which is an important moment in American culture．It is the most important dance in a young American's life．

　　The end of senior year is a truly special and wonderful time for American students．It's something they will remember for the rest of their lives．

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阅读理解

　　The World Health Organization estimates that more than 4 million people die each year from the effects of smoking tobacco(烟草)．That number is increasing．

　　WHO officials expect 150 million people to die from tobacco use in the next twenty years．Seven in ten of those deaths will be in developing countries．These numbers are frightening．Yet people around the world continue to smoke．

　　It is not easy to stop smoking．However, doctors say you will live longer if you do stop smoking．You will feel better and look better．You will also protect the health of family members who breathe in your smoke．

　　The American Cancer Society says there is not just one right way to stop smoking．It says that one method or a unit of methods may be successful．These include attending self-help programs or following

　　directions in a book．The group says any way to stop smoking that is legal, moral and effective is worth trying．This could include taking long walks or spending time in areas where smoking is not allowed．Also, you could eat a small piece of fruit instead of having a cigarette．

　　The American Cancer Society says the sooner smokers stop smoking, the more they reduce(减少)their chances of getting cancer and other diseases．It says blood pressure returns to normal twenty minutes after a smoker smoking the last cigarette．Carbon monoxide(CO)gas levels in the blood return to normal after eight hours．In a day, the chances of a heart attack decrease．In a year, the risk of heart disease is half that of a smoker．

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