阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。

　　When I was a child I never said, “When I grow up, I want to be a CEO, ” but here I am．When I look back on my career, I realize the road to becoming a CEO isn't a straight, clearly clarified path．In fact, no two paths are the same．But whether you want to be a boss one day or not, there's a lot to learn from how leaders rise to the top of successful companies．

　　As this series of stories shows, the paths to becoming a CEO may vary, but the people in that position share the qualities of commitment(承诺), work ethic(规范)and a strong desire for building something new．And every CEO take risks along the way-putting your life savings on the line to start a software company or leaving a big business to be one of the first employees at a startup．

　　I grew up in Minnesota, and learned how to be an entrepreneur(企业家)from my father, who has run a small business for almost 30 years．I went to Georgetown University and tried a lot of business activities in college with varying degrees of success．And I always had a dream job pattern：to walk to work, work for myself and build something for consumers．

　　I'm only 29, so it's been a quick ride to CEO．Out of college, I worked for AOL as a product manager, then moved to Revolution Health and ran the consumer product team．In mid-2007 I left Revolution Health and started LivingSocial with several other colleagues, where I became a CEO．

　　Career advice：Don't figure out where you want to work, or even what industry you'd like to work at．Figure out what makes you do so．What gives you a really big rush? Answer why you like things, not what you like doing…and then apply it to your work life．Also, just because you’re graduating(毕业), don't stop learning．Read more books than you did in college．If you do, and they're not, you're really well in a position to succeed in whatever you do．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。

　　A young girl decided to study judo despite the fact that she had lost her left arm in a car accident．The girl began lessons with an old Japanese judo instructor．The girl was doing well．So she couldn't understand why, after three months of training, the instructor had taught her only one move．

　　"Instructor, " the girl finally said, "Shouldn't I be learning more moves? "

　　"This is the only move you know, but this is the only move you'll ever need to know, " the instructor replied．Not quite understanding, but believing in her teacher, the girl kept training．

　　Several months later, the instructor took the girl to her first tournament(锦标赛)．Surprising herself, the girl easily won her first two matches．The third match proved to be more difficult, but after some time, her opponent became impatient．The girl used her one move to win the match．Still amazed by her success, the girl was now in the finals．

　　This time, her opponent(对手)was bigger, stronger and more experienced．For a while, the girl appeared to be overmatched．Concerned that the girl might get hurt, the referee(裁判)called a time-out(暂停)．She was about to stop the match when the instructor intervened(制止)．

　　"No, " the instructor insisted, "Let her continue．"

　　Soon after the match restarted, her opponent made an important mistake：she dropped her guard．Instantly, the girl used her move to defeat her opponent．The girl had won the match and the tournament．She was the champion．

　　On the way home, the girl and her teacher reviewed every move in each match．Then the girl asked what was really on her mind．

　　"Instructor, how did I win the tournament with only one move? "

　　"You won for two reasons, " the teacher answered．"First, you've almost mastered one of the most difficult throws in all of judo．Second, the only known defense for that move is for your opponent to grab your left arm．"

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　One potential problem with allowances is that children's responsible behavior can become about earning the allowance rather than the intrinsic(固有的)value of their family responsibilities．For example, if you pay your children for taking out the rubbish, they see this chore(家务事)as a job that they should be rewarded for instead of a responsibility they must fulfill as part of the family．But giving children an allowance for weekly chores is not necessarily bad．You are rewarding them for fulfilling their family responsibilities, but it is not for a specific act．It is an appreciation of their commitment to your family values．You are also conveying another important message that their actions have consequences：if they do good things, good things happen．They also learn a lesson about the market economy, namely that work is rewarded．

　　Allowances can also be used as punishment and to teach children lessons about family values．For example, if your children join a group of kids smashing(砸碎)pumpkins on Halloween, a part of a reasonable punishment might be to require them to pay the families out of their allowance to replace the pumpkins．Thus, your children learn that bad behavior has financial consequences．Meanwhile, by relating the punishment to the misdeed, you ensure that your children see the connection and learn the value lesson．

　　How much allowance should you pay your children? The precise amount depends on your family's financial situation, the cost of living and your children's needs．Children can start to earn a weekly allowance as early as 5 years of age．An increase of ＄ 1 per week for each year of your children's lives is realistic until they reach their mid-teens．When they begin to drive and date, you can calculate their expenses and establish a reasonable allowance that covers their needs．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　These days everyone is worried about the size of their carbon footprint．In order to reduce global warming we need to make our carbon footprints smaller．But how much CO₂ are we responsible for?

　　A new book by Mike Berners Lee, an expert, might be able to help．The carbon footprint looks at the different things we do and buy, and calculates the amount of CO₂ all of the following created：the ingredients, the electricity, the equipment, the travel and commuting of the beer, and the packaging．It's amazing how many different things need to be included in each calculation．And it's frightening how much carbon dioxide everything produces．

　　This can help us decide which beer to drink．From Berners Lee's calculations, it's clear that a pint(568ml)of locally brewed beer has a smaller carbon footprint than a bottle of imported beer．This is because the imported beer has been transported from far away, and it uses more packaging．The local beer only produces 300g of CO₂, but the imported beer produces 900g! So, one pint of local beer is better for the environment．

　　Berners Lee has even calculated the carbon footprint of cycling to work．Nothing is more environmentally friendly than riding a bike, surely? Well, it depends on what you’ve had to eat before．To ride a bike we need energy and for energy we need food．So if we eat a banana and then ride a kilometer, our footprint is 65g of CO₂．However, if we eat bacon before the ride, it's 200g．In fact, bananas are good because they don't need packaging, they can be transported by boat and they grow in natural sunlight．

　　So, does this mean that cycling is bad for the environment? Absolutely not, for a start, if you cycle, you don't use your car, and the fewer cars on the road, the fewer traffic jams．And cars in traffic jams produce three times more CO₂ than cars traveling at speed．Cycling also makes you healthy and less likely to go to hospital．So maybe it's time for us all to start making some changes．Pass me a banana and a pint of local beer, please．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　As the semester(学期)ended, students had a chance to turn the tables on their teachers．

　　They got to grade me anonymously(匿名地), assessing the ability of my thinking, my organizational skills and the depth of my knowledge．Such evaluations keep me alert to what works and what doesn't．Students reflect my performance back to me, and I'm glad to learn what they think of my teaching so that I might try to improve．

　　This system reflects many aspects of my work．There is, of course, nothing wrong with it．But this system assumes that what students need is the same as what they want．Reading my evaluations every semester has taught me otherwise．Actually many students’ expectations for their courses have already changed, reflecting, in part, the business model many universities are following：classes are considered services, and parents are eager to get their money's worth from their children's education．Students feel pressure from their parents to get practical use from their courses．

　　This could make sense for an engineering course, but in my field, creative writing, which rarely trains up excellent 21-year-old writers, it is more difficult to provide the results that the career-minded students desire．Then I tried some teaching techniques to change the criticism of those unhappy students to the opposite and improve my student evaluations．My record would accurately reflect a smart, attentive, encouraging teacher．However, I would admit that they loved me simply because I agreed writing should be easy．

　　I know other teachers have done the same thing：teach your heart out to the teachable but be sure to please the unteachable; keep your ratings high, like a politician trying to improve his poll(民意调查)results．I believe in the struggle．But I still can't help wincing(退缩)when I read, “The instructor is mean．” “Marcus is not committed to my work．” “This class sucks．” The business model has taught me that customers are always right．And maybe a few more dissatisfied customers would mean a better learning experience．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　He was a hero that saved two children from the jaws of a cougar(美洲狮)．Standing barely 1.7 meters, the 22-year-old with black-frame glasses might pass more for a Chinese Harry Potter．Yet Shen Huigang is now getting recognition for his bravery in fighting off a cougar on Vancouver Island, Canada, during a family outing．Shen, also known as Ian, was then an exchange student．With him was a friend, Myles Hagar, and Hagar's two grandchildren．Silently and suddenly a cougar appeared out of nowhere．By the time they spotted the cat, it already had the head of 18-month-old Julien in its mouth．

　　“At first, my brain was nothing but blank, ” Shen recalled．“But I believed I could get the child back．” He gestured as if he were ready for a fight, and tried to scare the beast off with his bag．Hearing the noise Shen made, the animal dropped the baby and Hagar rushed to grab his grandson．But the animal didn't run, instead turned toward 3-year-old Iris standing beside Shen．“Had Ian not been there, shouting at the cougar, remaining calm and standing firm, it would certainly have attacked Iris．” Hagar recalled．

　　They chased the animal back into the woods．“We moved slowly to our vehicle as we waved our fists and bags, pretending to wrestle it, ” Shen said．“The vehicle wasn't far away but it felt like it took us a century to travel the short journey．” As Hagar drove for help, Shen held the heavily-bleeding boy in the passenger seat and calmly kept him awake by hugging and kissing him in case he would go into a coma(昏迷)．The boy was flown to a hospital nearby．Doctors later said his little skull had been punctured(刺穿)through to his brain in two places．Luckily, Julien made a full recovery．

　　“Any hesitation, even a second delay, would have resulted in certain death for Julien, but Ian was there…” Hagar said．Following the incident, the story appeared on Canadian TV networks in every city, and in many small town newspapers-plus many US Internet news sites．The Royal Canadian Humane Association planned to give Shen a Canada Bravery Award, but it couldn't reach him because he had returned to China．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　For better eyesight, doctors advise limiting the hours of screen time and encourage having enough eye resting time．

　　However, another study shows that sitting in front of computer or TV screens for long hours is not the only reason for myopia(近视)．An Australian research team studied young children in Sydney and Singapore to find the reasons for myopia．

　　The research team found that the prevalence(流行)of myopia among children in Sydney was lower than children in Singapore, even though they spent more time in front of computer and TV screens．The major finding is that children in Sydney spend longer hours on outdoor activities than those in Singapore．

　　Indoor and outdoor sports activities both make the eyes focus on more distant objects, which prevents the eyes from changing shape．But outdoor activities may better help avoid myopia than indoor sports activities．

　　Jane Gwiazda, who does research in sight problems, says： “Natural light is good for eye growth．And extra vitamin D from the sun might contribute to eye growth．”

　　Many doctors suggest that every child get its first eye test done when he/she is about two and half years old, and even if his/her sight seems perfect．

　　It is necessary for myopic children to wear glasses to prevent headaches, trouble reading or injuries．It is also important that schools invite doctors to test their students’ eyes．

　　If that is not possible, school teachers should at least encourage parents and children to have regular eye examinations and wear glasses．And parents should remember not only to limit the total screen time for their children, but also to encourage them to spend time outdoors．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　For the most part, you are probably only exposed to the music that is played on your favorite radio stations and TV shows, music Web sites, or the music that your friends and family members enjoy．While you probably know a lot about your favorite type of music, it can be a rewarding experience to enlarge your horizons(眼界), discovering artists and types of music that you’re not familiar with．Who knows, you might discover you like certain types of music you never even considered．

　　Have you ever wondered about the history and influences of your favorite types of music? For example, did you know that rock ‘n’ roll originated(起源)from the blues, and that the blues began as a form of musical expression for African Americans during slavery(奴隶制度)? Did you know that most hip-hop is heavily influenced by early rhythm blues and jazz?

　　There are many fun ways to learn about different musical styles and their historical roots．For example, if you like hip-hop, listen to some of your favorite CDs and take note of the samples the performers used to create the songs．There is a possibility that the artist used parts of older songs to create the music．You can go to the library or online to learn more about the artists and listen to more of their music by checking out CDs from the library or downloading songs online for a small fee．

　　You can learn so much about culture and history just by paying attention to different types of music and what is being expressed in the songs．There are so many different styles of music to learn about, and you owe(欠)it to yourself to make an effort to listen to and learn about them．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Good manners play an important part in maintaining(保持)peace in society．A man with good manners doesn't hurt others’ feelings, and therefore he's on good terms with everyone．In this way he helps to keep the peace in society．

　　But a man with bad manners has no respect for others．He uses words carelessly and behaves rudely towards others and causes a lot of unpleasantness．In the end, he himself will suffer the most．Everyone avoids him and he is forced to live alone．

　　To live well in society, money alone is not enough．Even the richest man cannot afford to have bad manners．He may have enough money to buy all things he wants; but if his manners are bad, he will have no friends, and no one can live happily without friends．

　　We should have good manners, for it's human nature to try to get friendship; and friendship has to be earned(获得)through our own attitude towards others．If we are kind to others, they will be kind to us, and kindness is the most basic quality of good manners．Bad manners drive away friends as well as our own family members．

　　On the other hand, a man with good manners has many friends．He commands the respect of all those who come into contact(联系)with him．He doesn't talk ill about others．Even when he's provoked, he tries his best not to upset others．He also feels sorry about the weak and the disabled．

　　There are, however, many people who behave so well outside their homes that they are respected by everyone outside．But in their own homes they are worse than the devil(魔鬼)．Such people cannot be said to have good manners．Their behavior will soon be discovered by others．

　　If one's manners are good, one behaves well everywhere, even when one is away from the critical(爱挑剔的)eyes of others．Only such a person can live well in society．

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阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Thank you for your interest in helping animals! Volunteering is a wonderful way to learn, have fun and give back to your community(社区)．There are many ways to care for the animals at PAWS．

　　Youth Work Party

　　If you are ten years or older, you can join the Youth Work Party Team with a parent to work on different projects around PAWS in Lynnwood, WA．For example, you can build boxes for frightened, injured wildlife to hide in．Ask your parent to sign up to join a work party．If you are eighteen years or older, you can join the Youth Work Party Team independently．

　　PAWSwalk

　　PAWSwalk is our biggest fundraising(筹款)event of the year, held at the end of the summer to raise money to care for the animals．You can collect money with the help of your family, friends and school, and then walk in the event．

　　Cookie Sale

　　Selling homemade dog cookies is a wonderful way to help the animals．PAWS can provide brochures(小册子)to give out when you sell the cookies prepared by you and your parents, so people can learn about PAWS at the same time．You can find homemade dog cookie cooking instructions on the Internet or by checking out cookbooks for dogs at the library．

　　Movie Night

　　Invite friends, family, neighbors and classmates to watch your favorite animal movie, like Babe or Charlotte's Web．Ask them to bring an “entrance fee” of donations or supplies for the animals．

　　Thanks again for your interest in PAWS and helping animals．Share your ideas with your parents and invite a few friends to join you in helping make a difference for animals．If you have any questions, call 425-787-2500-261．

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