阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。

　　[1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions．But recent data has indeed shown cognitive(认知的)ability to be higher in some countries than in others．What's more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop－a phenomenon known as the "Flynn effect"．Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor．Now, a new study from researchers at the University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory：intelligence may be linked to infectious-disease rates．

　　[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the "most costly organ in the human body"．Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn's energy．It's clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious．And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child's body－and therefore brain－is parasitic(由寄生虫引起的)infection．These illnesses threaten brain development ________．They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace．They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake．They can rob the body's cells for their own reproduction．And then there's the energy channeled(输送)to the immune system to fight the infection．

　　[3]Using data on national "disease burdens"(life years lost due to infectious diseases)and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated．The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception．On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list．

　　[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing variation in national intelligence scores．

1．What is the main idea of the text？(no more than 10 words)________

2．Complete the following statement with proper words．(no more than 4 words)

Those countries that have the ________ are always at the bottom of the　IQ list．

3．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words．(no more than 5 words)

____________________

4．What can cause intelligence difference？(no more than 8 words)

____________________

5．What does the word "they"(Line 2, Paragraph 3)probably refer to？(no more than 8 words)

____________________

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。

　　[1] I was walking in the park with a friend recently, and his cell phone rang, interrupting our conversation．There we were, walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day．But I became invisible, absent from the conversation．

　　[2] The telephone used to connect you to the absent．Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent．Recently I was in a car with three friends．The driver told us to be quiet because he could not hear the person on the other end of his cell phone．There we were, four friends going down the highway, unable to talk to one another because of a tool designed to make communication easier．

　　[3]Why is it that the more connected we get, ________? Every advance in communications technology is a hurt to the closeness of human interaction(互动)．With e-mail and instant messaging over the Internet, we can now communicate without seeing or talking to one another．With voice mail, you can conduct entire conversations without ever reaching anyone．

　　[4] More and more, l find myself hiding behind e-mail to do a job meant for conversation．Or being relieved that voice mail picked up because I didn’t really have time to talk．The industry devoted to helping me keep in touch is making me lonelier．

　　[5] So I've put myself on technology restriction：no instant messaging with people who live near me, no cell-phoning in the presence of friends, no letting the voice mail pick up when I' m home．

1．What does the author say about communications technology according to the first two paragraphs?(within 15 words)

_____________________

2．Which sentences in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?

_____________________

3．Fill in the blanks in Paragraph 3 with proper words．(within 10 words)

_____________________

4．Does the author restrict(约束)his own activity to improving the situation? Give an example．How?(within 15 words)

____________________

5．Translate the underlined sentences in Paragraph 4 into Chinese．

____________________

阅读下面的短文，并根据文章后的要求答题。(请注意问题后的词数要求)

　　If you are worried about things and are under a lot of stress at work or school, then you are probably not sleeping well．Worry can keep you awake, tossing and turning in bed until the early hours of the morning when you eventually fall asleep．When you wake up, you don’t feel refreshed, but tired and worn out and unable to face a new day．

　　Dr．Henry Winkle, in a recent newspaper article entitled Stress and Sleep, indicates(暗示、表明)that ________．Dr．Winkle says, “The more we worry, the less we sleep, the more we are unable to deal with stress．If we can find a way to get a good night’s sleep,” he adds, “we can often find the energy to deal with what’s worrying us．”

　　So, what is a good night’s sleep? Research shows that the amount of sleep which people need in order to keep healthy varies a lot．Seven hours is about the average amount, though strangely enough, sleeping longer often gives you a headache instead of making you feel more refreshed．

　　Dr．Winkle believes that preparing for sleeping is important．People who work late should try to give themselves a short break and do something restful before going to bed．This could be watching TV or listening to music．Doing some exercise earlier in the day should help you to feel physically as well as mentally tired．A bedtime drink can also help, but coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake．“When you put the light out, ” Dr．Winkle says, “concentrate on relaxing your muscles, working slowly up from your feet, and you’ll be asleep before you know it．”

1．What is the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words)

_____________________

2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

People shouldn’t go to sleep immediately but should take a break after working late in the night．

___________________

3．Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．(Please answer within 10 words)

___________________

4．Someone says that the longer you sleep, the better you feel．Try to find some arguments from the passage against the idea．(Please answer within 30 words)

___________________

5．Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese．

___________________

阅读下面的短文，并根据文章后的要求答题。(请注意问题后的词数要求)

　　If you are worried about things and are under a lot of stress at work or school, then you are probably not sleeping well．Worry can keep you awake, tossing and turning in bed until the early hours of the morning when you eventually fall asleep．When you wake up, you don’t feel refreshed, but tired and worn out and unable to face a new day．

　　Dr．Henry Winkle, in a recent newspaper article entitled Stress and Sleep, indicates(暗示、表明)that ________．Dr．Winkle says, “The more we worry, the less we sleep, the more we are unable to deal with stress．If we can find a way to get a good night’s sleep,” he adds, “we can often find the energy to deal with what’s worrying us．”

　　So, what is a good night’s sleep? Research shows that the amount of sleep which people need in order to keep healthy varies a lot．Seven hours is about the average amount, though strangely enough, sleeping longer often gives you a headache instead of making you feel more refreshed．

　　Dr．Winkle believes that preparing for sleeping is important．People who work late should try to give themselves a short break and do something restful before going to bed．This could be watching TV or listening to music．Doing some exercise earlier in the day should help you to feel physically as well as mentally tired．A bedtime drink can also help, but coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake．“When you put the light out,” Dr．Winkle says, “concentrate on relaxing your muscles, working slowly up from your feet, and you’ll be asleep before you know it．”

1．What is the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words)

__________________

2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

People shouldn’t go to sleep immediately but should take a break after working late in the night．

__________________

3．Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．(Please answer within 10 words)

_________________

4．Someone says that the longer you sleep, the better you feel．Try to find some arguments from the passage against the idea．(Please answer within 30 words)

_________________

5．Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese．

_________________

阅读下面的短文，请根据短文后的要求将答案答题(请注意问题后的要求)

　　In order to be a success in the American business world, you must get along with people．You must learn to behave yourself in such a way that you earn the affection(关爱)and respect of others．As we have already pointed out, Americans mix business and pleasure．Therefore, learning how to chat informally(非正式地)can be a help with your American business contracts．Americans like to talk about a number of different topics－sports, politics, cars, popular movies, television shows and personal interests．

　　Many large American cities have sports teams．If you are working with Americans in the United States, it would be a good idea to find out about the local sports teams so that you can join in the almost inevitable discussions about “What our team will do this year．” Politics can be a sensitive topic unless everyone is of the same mind politically．Limit your discussions to asking questions of your friends．Most Americans are car owners and some are even obsessive(着迷的)about the subject．You can contribute to the discussion by talking about cars you have owned or by sharing information you have had in automotive magazines．Americans watch television almost every night and attend movies regularly, so naturally _________．

　　If you are unable to watch American television or attend American movies, reading the entertainment section of such magazines as Time and Newsweek will keep you up to date on what is popular in America．

1．What’s the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words．)

_____________________

2．Why should people be careful with the topic－politics?(Please answer within 8 words．)

_____________________

3．Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．(Please answer within 10 words．)

_____________________

4．Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese．

____________________

5．Suppose you are doing business in America, what would you do to be a success in business world?(Please answer within 20 words．)

____________________

　　It’s strange that a man born on Labor Day has had to work so hard to succeed in life．Jacob seems like a normal person．He likes music, art and photography．His parents both got college degrees．He used to go to a beach house in Portland every summer．He is a big fan of Mexican food．Reading these facts about him may lead to the opinion that he had a great childhood．However, behind all of these is a past that would be terrible for many kids growing up．

　　It started when he was only two years old．His parents divorced and then remarried．Going through elementary school and middle school, he was frightened a lot．This may have led to the worst thing that could have happened to a young man．

　　He developed deep depression．Doing the smart thing, he talked to his parents about his problem．His parents decided that this issue was very serious and Jacob was admitted to West Hills Hospital．He stayed there for two weeks and had his depression diagnosed．Serious insomnia caused the problem．

　　The solution was daily medication．The medication took care of Jacob’s depression problem．However, it contained a substance with lithium(锂)．The side effect he suffered from lithium was that he got spoonfuls of sugar and ate it with anything else that was on his plate．This led to a weight gain of 25 pounds while he was on medication．So he decided he had to lose some weight and stop the medication．

　　Now he has lost a big part of the weight and he has managed to solve his problem he had in high school．Now he is a happy human being．

　　Many people would have had a very hard time coming back from depression．Many people probably would have given up their dreams．But Jacob is not like this．He took what was a mess of his life and turned it around to become a great man and a person with a very bright future．

1．When was Jacob possibly born according to the passage?(no more than 3 words)(2 marks)

2．Why did Jacob suffer from deep depression?(no more than 4 words)(2 marks)

3．How did Jacob gain the weight of 25 pounds while on medication?(no more than 5 words)(3 marks)

4．What can we know from Jacob’s story?(no more than 10 words)(3 marks)

阅读下面短文，根据第1至第3小题的具体要求，尽可能简要回答问题。

　　The first people who drank tea were the Chinese, because the bush grew wild all over the south of China．They liked the taste, and found that the drink could refresh(使精力恢复)them．

　　People living in Europe first learned about tea growing and drinking from a book printed in Italy in 1599．The writer said that tea was a wonderful medicine．Although people in Europe knew about tea in 1599, it was another fifty years before the first tea from China reached Holland．

　　A few years later, tea was brought overland from China to Russia．The long difficult journey was made over mountains and across deserts．

　　The new drink reached England in 1657．It was sold at one of the coffee houses．Only the very rich people could afford to drink．

1．Who found that tea could refresh people first?(不超过2个单词)

______________________

2．When did the people in Europe first know about tea?(不超过2个单词)

______________________

3．Which countries were mentioned in the passage?(不超过6个单词)

______________________

　　Noah Webster published his first dictionary of the English language in 1806, and in 1828 published the first edition of his An American Dictionary of the English Language．The work came out in 1828 in two volumes．It contained 12,000 words from 30,000 to 40,000 definitions(定义)that had not appeared in any earlier dictionary．In 1840 the second edition, corrected and enlarged, came out, in two volumes．He completed the revision(修订)of an appendix(附录)a few days before his death, which occurred in New Haven on the 28th of May 1843．

　　Webster changed the spelling of many words in his dictionaries in an attempt to make them more phonetic(音形一致)．Many of the differences between American English and other English variants(变体)evident today originated this way．The modern convention of having only one acceptable and correct spelling for a word is due mostly to the efforts of Webster, in standardizing spelling．Previous to this, the popular viewpoint on spelling might have best been summed up by Benjamin Franklin who said that he “had no use for a man with but one spelling for a word．”

　　Webster’s dictionary was so popular that “Webster’s” became synonymous(同义的)with dictionary to many Americans．As a result, the Webster’s name lost trademark protection and is now used by many publishers in the titles of their dictionaries．Among these, the Merriam-Webster’s dictionary is considered to be the most direct example of Noah Webster’s lexicographical(词典编纂的)tradition, the Merriam brothers having purchased the rights to revise the dictionary from Webster’s heirs(继承人)upon his death．

1．What was published by Noah Webster in 1828?(No more than 4 words)

2．When did Noah Webster die?(No more than 8 words)

3．Why did Webster change the spelling of many words in his dictionaries?(No more than 7 words)

4．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？(No more than 5 words)

_____________________(3 marks)

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。(注意问题后的字数要求)

　　[1]Much meaning can be conveyed, clearly, with our eyes , so it is often said that eye can speak, Do you have such kind of experience? In a bus you may look at a stianger, but not too long And if he is sensing that he is being stared at, he may feel uncomfortable．

　　[2]The same in daily life．If you are stared at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down, to see if there is anything wrong with you．If nothing goes wrong, you will feel angry toward other's stare with you that way Eyes do speak, right?

　　[3]Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive．But things are differnt when it comes to stare at the opposite sex．If a man glances at a woman for morethan 10 seconds and refuses to avoid his look, his intentions are obvious, that is, he wishes to attract her a ttention, to make hre understand that he is admiring her．

　　[4]However, the normal eye contact(接触，交流)for two people in conversation is that the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener is attentive and does pay attention to the speaker．

　　[5]If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking, as if he tries to dominate you, you will feel uneasy．A poor liar usually expose himself by looking too long at the victim, since the believes in the false idea that to look straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication Quite the contrary．

　　[6]In fact, continuous eye contact is limited to lovers only, who will enjoy

　　For a long time, to show affection that wrods cannot express．

　　[7]Evidently, eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the specific situation．

1．What is the best title for the passage?(on more than 8 words)

_______________________

2．Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?

You nay feel uncomfortable when a speaker looks at you all the time while speaking, as if he tries to rule over you．

3．Fill in the blank in paragraph 6 with proprer words．(no more than 5 words)

4．What should you do to make a normal eye contact when speaking to the other? And why?(no more than 30 words)

5．Translate the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 into Chinese．

阅读表达

　　[1]Much meaning can be conveyed, clearly, with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak．Do you have such kind of experience? In a bus you may look at a stranger, but not too lone．And if he is sensing that he is being stared at, he may feel uncomfortable．

　　[2]The same in daily life．If you are stared at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down．to see if there is anything wrong with you．If nothing goes wrong, you will feel angry toward other's stare with you that way．Eyes do speak, right?

　　[3]Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive．But things are different when it comes to stare at the opposite sex．If a man glances at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to avoid his look, his intentions are obvious, that is, he wishes to attract her attention, to make her understand that he is admiring her．

　　[4]However, the normal eye contact(接触，交流)for two people in conversation is that the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener is attentive and does pay attention to the speaker．

　　[5]If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking, as if he tries to dominate you, you will feel uneasy．A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim, since he believes in the false idea that to look straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication．Quite the contrary．

　　[6]In fact, continuous eye contact is limited to lovers only, who will enjoy _________ for a long time, to show affection that words cannot express．

　　[7]Evidently, eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the specific situation．

1．What is the best title for the passage?(no more than 8 words)

2．Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?

You may feel uncomfortable when a speaker looks at you all the time while speaking, as if he tries to rule over you．

3．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 6 with proper words,(no more than 5 words)

4．What should you do to make a normal eye contact when speaking to the other? And why?(no more than 30 words)

5．Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 into Chinese．