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Celebrating sleep

　　World Sleep Day, observed on 21 March, was created to bring attention to the growing number of sleep problems worldwide．Sleep is a natural part of human life, but many people in the modern world ignore its importance．As a result, sleep problems are increasingly common．

　　In 2002, scientists at the University of Athens in Greece conducted a survey of over 35,000 people in 10 countries around the world, including China, Belgium and South Africa．Of the people that responded to the survey, 24 percent said that they did not sleep well, and based on their responses, 31.6 percent were diagnosed(诊断)with insomnia(失眠)and another 17.5 percent were diagnosed with borderline insomnia．In addition, 30.7 percent of survey respondents reported visiting a doctor for help with sleep problems and 11.6 percent said that they felt very sleepy during the day．

　　Overall, the survey found that ninny people suffer the effects of poor quality sleep, some examples of which are being unable to fall asleep and waking up in the middle of the night．The main factors causing these problems are pressure from school or work and a fast pace of life, but noise pollution and light pollution also interfere with sleep and contribute to poor quality sleep．The survey's findings are particularly troubling because large numbers of people were found to have difficulty sleeping at night．The short-term effects of this are tiredness and trouble concentrating．If this happens for a long time, the risk of putting on weight and having a heart attack may increase．

　　There are many things you can do to improve the quality of your sleep．First, you should have regular sleep habits．Try to go to bed and wake up around the same time each day．You also need to make your bedroom a cool, dark, quiet place to sleep so that heat, light and noise do not disturb you．At night, you should also avoid things that contain caffeine, such as chocolate, coffee, tea and many soft drinks, as caffeine may keep you from sleeping．

　　Getting a good night's sleep is important for everyone．By following the advice above, you can rest better at night and work better during the day．

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　　The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we’ve never been before．

　　But just as in face to face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line．　　1　　 Imagine how you’d feel if you were in the other person’s shoes．

　　For anything you’re about to send：ask yourself, “Would I say this to the person’s face?” if the answer is no, rewrite and reread．　　2　　

　　If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct(本能)is to fire back in the same manner．But try not to do so．　　3　　 If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it．Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room．

　　　　4　　 Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate．When someone makes a mistake, whether it’s a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it．If it’s a small mistake, you may not need to say anything．Even if you feel strong about it, think twice before saying anything．Having good manners yourself doesn’t give you license to correct everyone else．　　5　　 At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended(冒犯)．

　　It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex and marital status．Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, don’t ask such questions．

A．It’s natural that there are some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online．

B．Repeat the process till you feel sure that you’d feel comfortable saying the words to the person’s face．

C．Everyone was new to the network once．

D．The basic rule is simple：treat others in the same way you would want to be treated．

E．When you send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear．

F．You should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages．

G．If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake, point it out politely．

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　　Marriage is one of the most important experiences of a person’s life, but like any legal process, it can get complicated．In this article, we’ll look at some of the laws in the USA surrounding marriage, including age requirements and marriage licenses．We’ll also explore some of the many legal benefits of being married．

　　　　1　　 Depending on where you live, there are rules governing who can get married and how a marriage license can be obtained．

　　Each state has its own laws regarding the age requirements to receive a license．　　2　　 In most states, both parties must be 18 years old in order to marry without their parents’ permission．However, in some states, with the parents’ permission, people as young as 12 years old can marry．

　　In order to have a legally-recognized marriage, a couple has to have a valid marriage license．　　3　　 The couple fills out an official application and then there’s a short waiting period, maybe a couple of hours or a few days before the license is issued．Usually when applying for a marriage license, official identification is required．　　4　　 After a couple gets married, a marriage certificate is proof that a marriage has taken place．

　　　　5　　 Many of them are also offered by private employers－such as days-off for the birth of a child and family health insurance plans．Social scientists have also found many positive benefits for married couples and families, including fewer incidents of poverty and mental health problems．

A．The legal age to marry varies from state to state．

B．Some couples also have an agreement before getting married．

C．It can be a birth certificate or an ID card．

D．Different states have different laws in terms of marriage．

E．An application must be filled out in order to get a marriage license．

F．When applying for a marriage license the couple must appear together．

G．Besides love and companionship, there are many benefits of marriage．

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　　　1　　 Such as runny noses, sore throats, nothing quite like the common cold to make you feel miserable．But experts believe that there is no link between cold weather and catching colds．　　2　　

　　Internal Medicine expert, Dr Meenakshi Jain of Max Hospital says, “One reason could be that people are likely to stay indoors, so the virus can spread easily．　　3　　”

　　The common cold is a viral infection that can be caused by any of up to 250 strains of virus, the most common group of which are the rhinovirus that hit the nose．

　　　　4　　 “They are transmitted through the nose respiratory passages, by touch, and by contact with airborne particles that are created by sneezing or coughing,” says Dr Jain．

　　There is no cure for the common cold and antibiotics are of no help．However, there are some precautions which can help：

　　　　5　　 In this case, you can protect your hands from getting germs．

　　Don’t touch your eyes, nose and mouth, which can limit your chances of infection．

　　Don’t share drinking glasses or utensils with anyone as this will prevent the spread of the virus．

　　Make sure to eat enough fruits to boost your immune system．
A．Also the virus thrives in humidity．

B．Drink lots of fluids to avoid dehydration．

C．They are responsible for anywhere between a third and half of all common colds．

D．Get enough sleep and you’ll certainly feel better．

E．So why are we particularly vulnerable(脆弱的)this season？

F．Wash your hands regularly．

G．It’s winter and you have probably noticed germs are everywhere．

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There is an English saying：“　　1　　．” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously．Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body．　　2　　．

　　Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body．People watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts, blood pressure, breathing and muscles．It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise．　　3　　．If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial．

　　Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body．In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs．The group that tolerated(忍耐)the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program．　　4　　　　　5　　．They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter．

A．Laughter can prolong one’s life．

B．As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh．

C．The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain．

D．It increases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach and even the feet．

E．Although laughter helps cure the disease, doctors still can not put this theory into clinic practice．

F．Laughter is the best medicine．

G．They have found that laughter really can improve people’s health．

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处地最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Many students have not developed good study habits and find homework quite difficult．They don’t know how to deal with their homework．Here are some tips that you should consider．

　　1　　 Some of the problems may require a lot of thinking, so you may need to think about them several times over several days．This is to be expected, and does not mean you do not understand the material．It is simply part of the process of doing hard problems．Do not expect to be able to do all the homework problems in one hour．

　　Don’t do your homework with the TV or the radio on．　　2　　

　　Studies show that it takes students longer to finish their work if they watch TV or listen to the radio．If you must listen to music while studying or doing homework, at least listen to classical music; studies show that this makes you smarter．

　　　　3　　 This is one of the best ways to learn the material．If you don’t understand it, other students often can help out; if you do know how to do a problem, explaining it to someone else often helps to solidify the process for you．

　　Don’t turn in work that you know is wrong but pretend that you think it is right．It is far better not to finish a problem than to continue on and produce a wrong answer．　　4　　 You should say something like：“I know that something has gone wrong at this point, but I can’t figure out what．” and you should also say why you think something is not right, and what you would have done if you could have continued on．　　5　　

A．Not all the homework is so easy．

B．Work with other students on homework．

C．You should ask your parents for advice．

D．Listen to some classical music when doing homework．

E．That will prevent you from concentrating on your homework．

F．No answer at all is better than an answer you know to be wrong．

G．There is no shame in admitting you don’t know how to do something．

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。

　　There was once a lonely girl who longed so much for love．One day while she was walking in the woods she found two starving birds．　　1　　 She cared them with love and the birds grew strong．Every morning they greeted her with a wonderful song．The girl felt the great love from the birds．

　　　　2　　．The larger and the stronger of the two birds flew from the cage．The girl was so frightened that he would fly away．As he flew close, she grasped him wildly．Her heart felt glad at her success in capturing him．　　3　　．She opened her hand and stared in horror at the dead bird．Her desperate love had killed him．

　　She noticed the other bird moving back and forth on the edge of the cage．She could feel his great need for freedom．He needed to fly into the clear, blue sky．　　4　　．The bird circled once, twice, three times．

　　The girl watched delightedly at the bird’s enjoyment．　　5　　．She wanted the bird to be happy．Suddenly the bird flew closer and landed softly on her shoulder．It sang the sweetest songs that she had ever heard．

　　The fastest way to lose love is to hold on it too tight, while the best way to keep love is to give it wings!

A．She gave them some delicious food and left．

B．Suddenly she felt the bird go softly．

C．Her heart was no longer concerned with her loss．

D．One day she left with the two birds at home alone．

E．She took them home and put them in a small cage．

F．One day the girl left the door of the cage open．

G．She lifted him from the cage and threw him softly into the air．

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－Can you help me?

－Sure, what’s the problem?

－　　1　　

－Well, how about San Francisco? We went there last year and had a great time．

－　　2　　

－Well, there is Golden Gate Bridge of course, and Golden Gate Park．It’s a really big park．You can go for long walks or take a rest in the Japanese Tea Garden．It’s beautiful there．

－　　3　　

－There is also a place called Fisherman’s Wharf．That’s really popular with tourists．There are lots of shops, cafes and restaurants．And from there you can go on a boat trip to Alcatraz．You know, it’s a small but very beautiful island．

－　　4　　

－No, you can’t stay on the island; there aren’t any hotels．You can only go for the day．I think I’ve still got a book about San Francisco．I can lend it to you．

－　　5　

A．What can you do there?

B．Oh, great! What a great place to stay in!

C．What an idea! What is the best time to go there?

D．I can’t decide where to go for the holiday－any ideas?

E．Thanks a lot．San Francisco, here I come!

F．Hmm, that sounds good．

G．How can I go there?

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。

So you want to do more with your life? Many teenagers have no idea where they’re going in life, and sadly, many don’t care．　　1　　

Join a club or play a sport．If you haven’t already, join a sports team or club．Do this based on your interests or skills．

Be yourself．　　2　　 Just be yourself．But if it is something that will make you a better person, do it．

　　3　　 Good grades can help you to be accepted at a key university．But, most importantly, good grades make you confident, which can do wonders in your life．

　　4　　 If your friends are unwilling to change their bad lifestyle, you have to get away from them, for they will have a bad influence on you and keep you from improving yourself．In order to improve your life, you have to have a strong will to achieve better things．

Make new friends．If you join a club or sport, this will happen naturally．　　5　　

A．Try your best to improve your grades．

B．Remember to have fun from time to time．

C．Don’t always follow others or the fashion．

D．Do exercise as often as possible and don’t be lazy．

E．Stop your bad habits and say “goodbye” to bad friends．

F．You will be surprised how much you have in common with others．

G．By improving your life as a teenager, you will improve your entire life．

阅读以下人员的相关信息，从所给的六个选项(A、B、C、D、E、F)中选出符合他/她感兴趣的广告。其中有一选项是多余的。

1．Lucy is interested in playing the violin, but she can’t play very well because she has no music teacher to teach her face to face．She really wants to get one．

2．Peter begins to have his summer holiday today．He is too tired to go out for any activity．Instead, he would like to stay home in the evening．

3．Tom’s family is not rich．He wants to find a part-time job at weekends to earn some money for his study．

4．Jenny is too fat．She knows it’s not good for health and wants to take exercise after study．

5．Mary’s going to marry next month．Before that, she is going to take photos with her husband．

A．Guangzhou Sports Ground

Open next week from 6∶20 to 8∶30 pm．

Admission：＄2, under 45 or over 60－＄7．

Welcome to join us to keep you fit．

Tel：23455884

B．CCTV-1

The programs are as follow：18∶30 Sports, 19∶00 World News, 19∶30 Introduction of Museum of Modern Art, 21∶30 Movie－DANCE IN THE RAIN

C．Dongfeng Photo Shop

Photos for all purposes are taken with half of the price for new husband and wife．

Mon－Frid．：8∶30 am－8∶30 pm, Sat．& Sun．：9∶00 am－10：00 pm

D．STAMPS ON SHOW

Time：8∶30am－5∶00 pm．on October 23－24

Add：No．1 Yuejin Road, Guangzhou

E．PART-TIME JOB OFFERED

Do you want to have a chance to communicate with those who do shopping? If so, you may contact with Sunny Bookshop, for two shop assistants are needed here．

Tel：020-23100013

F．HELP FROM MUSIC TEACHER

Violin lessons to be given at 8∶00 on Monday evening．Those attending prepare violins by themselves．

Admission：100 yuan(half price for students)

Tel：020-28338381