根据课文内容，填写所缺的单词

Why has English changed over time? 　　1　　 all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other．At first English was 　　2　　 more on German than the English we speak at present．Then 　　3　　 between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French．Those new settlers 　　4　　 the English language and especially its 　　5　　．

请先通读下列短文，然后从所给的选项中选出最佳选项填入空格。

　　Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems．　　1　　．If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become angry and unhappy．They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely．They forget how much tourism can help the country's economy．It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them．　　2　　．

　　Tourism should also improve the health and happiness of the local inhabitants．

　　Too much tourism can be a problem．If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry．　　3　　．

　　On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs．Businesses can also lose money．It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, first-class roads and other support facilities(设施)needed by tourist attractions．　　4　　．If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money．

　　Building a hotel is just a beginning．There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water．　　5　　．If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost．

A．This means other parts of the country's economy can suffer

B．For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants(the people living there)of a country

C．For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build

D．All of these support facilities cost money

E．Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

People know the dangers of fires．It's good for a family to learn how to prepare for a fire．Here are some suggestions：

Put a smoke alarm in the house．Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off．1．________

The sound tells everyone to leave the house at once．

Make escape plans．You should know all the ways out of the house．If there is fire, everyone follows the plan to get out．Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened easily．

Buy fire extinguishers(灭火器)in the house．2．________

Practice for a fire at home now and then because it can teach children about fire safety．Everyone in the family should know the following fire rules：

★3．The fire can grow more quickly if you open the door．

★Stay close to the floor! 4．________The best air is near the floor because smoke rises．

★What will you do if your hair or clothes start to burn? First, stop! 5．_______The fire burns faster because of more air．Drop! Fall to the floor．Then roll! Turning over and over will make the fire go out．Put a blanket around you to keep air away from the fire that may still be on you．

There are many possible causes for fires．A wise family is ready all the time．If there is a fire, don't forget to call 119 for help．

A．Don't run!

B．Everyone in the family should know how to use them．

C．Everyone should follow your plan．

D．Smoke can be more dangerous than fire．

E．The alarm makes a loud sound．

F．Open the windows!

G．Don't open a hot door!

Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph．There is one extra heading which you do not need．

1．________

Is there a “success personality”－some winning combination of qualities that leads almost inevitably to achievement? If so, exactly what is that secret success formula, and can anyone develop it? At the Gallop Organization we recently focused in depth on success, probing the attitudes of 1500 prominent people selected at random from “who's who” in America．Our research finds out a number of qualities that occur regularly among top achievers．Here is one of the most important, that is common sense．

2．________

Common sense is the most prevailing quality possessed by our respondents．Seventy-nine percent award themselves a top score in this quality．And 61 percent say that common sense was very important in contributing to their success．

3．________

To most, common sense means the ability to present sound, practical judgments on everyday affairs．To do this, one has to sweep aside extra ideas and get right to the core of what matters．A Texas oil and gas businessman puts it this way：“The key ability for success is simplifying．In conduction of meeting and dealing with industry reducing a complex problem to the simplest term is highly important．”

4．________

Is common sense a quality a person is born with, or can you do something to increase it? The oil man's answer is that common sense can definitely be developed．He attributes his success to learning how to debate in school．Another way to increase your store of common sense is to observe it in others, learning from their－and your own－mistakes．

5．________

Besides common sense, there are many other factors that influence success：knowing your field, self-reliance, intelligence, the ability to get things done, leadership, creativity, relationships with others, and of course, luck．But common sense stands out．If you develop these qualities, you'll succeed．And you might even find yourself listed in who's who someday．

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．

Mapping Your World

　　Different forms of maps are appearing．They allow 　　1　　 travelers to get local knowledge of places they are visiting, from the official to the unusual．Meanwhile, hi-tech developments are 　　2　　 new ways for us to map the world．Here are two of our favorites：

Green Maps

　　Green Maps allows people to share with the world their knowledge of 　　3　　 friendly places and attractions in the local areas．Users add information with a set of icons(图标), making it easy to read any map, whatever the 　　4　　 of those who produce it．At present there are over five hundred map projects being developed in 54 countries．Green Maps' advertised idea is “think 　　5　　, map local”．It is a wonderful way of gaining all sorts of a place, 　　6　　 from community garden to good places of bird watching．Green Maps is not specifically intended for travelers．Not all of its maps are online, so it may be necessary for some users to communicate with producers through the Green Maps website．

Maps Mashups

　　Many people use online maps developed by Google, but not many know about the mashups of them．Working in a similar way to Green Maps, Maps Mashups allows people to add icons of their own to 　　7　　 maps to express a certain topic．The mashups is so called because it combines all the knowledge you could ever need．It ranges from the 　　8　　 useful, such as where all the World．Heritage Site are, to the most bizarre(古怪的)，such as where America's drunkest cities are．With the mashups 　　9　　 to the basic Google Maps, a multi-layered(多层的)map can be created．

Directions：Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph．There is one extra heading which you do not need．

1．_______

Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general．Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?

2．________

Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of the most people they look more professional than civilian clothes．People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform．The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than that one who appears in civilian clothes．Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform．What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity than to step out of uniform?

3．________

Uniforms also have many practical benefits．They save on other clothes．They save on laundry bills．They are tax－deductible(可减税的)．They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes．

4．________

Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them．Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally struck with it, without change, until retirement．When people look alike, they tent to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least．

5．________

Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems．Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes．Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes．

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．

　　Consideration and wisdom are necessary before we do everything．Having taken a course of action without thinking, we find at once too many difficulties, small or big, preventing our 　　1　　．If we avoid acting hurriedly, we can avoid most of our troubles．For instance, a young man has a gift for teaching and doing research work．What a foolish act it would be for him to go and work as a businessman! Most of us 　　2　　 to have a satisfactory life because they have selected a job for which they don't mean to go in．Without taking into consideration our means and abilities for a particular business we should not run 　　3　　 into it．

　　However, too much care and fear results in failure．It is a mistake to hesitate or delay action when 　　5　　 action is called for．When a swimmer has to save a drowning man, he must act at once without delay．　　6　　, to rescue a child or a woman from a burning house, we must rush in without hesitation．Where there is no room for delay and hesitation, there must be no hesitation and delay．If there is too much care and too much fear of risks, results are often attended with failure．

　　Therefore, only with 　　7　　 of consideration, courage and confidence can we get over any difficulty．We can be 　　8　　 and realize our aims in life only by just getting the three points put together．Foresight and forethought, combined with courage and confidence in taking 　　9　　 risks, are necessary．With them we can 　　10　　 ourselves able to deal with an unexpected problem and ensure success．