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阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

　　Real policemen hardly recognize any similarity between their lives and what they see on TV．

　　The first difference is that a policeman's real life revolved round(围绕；以…为目的)criminal law．He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court．He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and rain, running down a street after someone he wants to talk to．

　　Little of his time is spent in chatting．He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty of stupid crimes．

　　Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal：as soon as he's arrested, the story is over．In real life, finding criminal is seldom much of a problem．Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks, little effort is spent on searching．

　　Having made an arrest, a detective(侦探)really starts to work．He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of different evidence．

　　A third big difference between the drama detective and the real one is the unpleasant pressures：first, as members of a police force, they always have to behave absolutely in accordance with(依照)the law．Secondly, as expensive public servants, they have to get results．They can hardly ever do both．Most of the time some of them have to break the rules in small ways．

　　If the detective has to deceive(欺骗)the world, the world often deceives him．Hardly anyone he meets tells him the truth．And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple-minded－as he see it－of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges, who, instead of eliminating(消除)crime, punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this will make them reform．The result, detective feel, is that nine-tenths of their work is re-catching people who should have stayed behind bars．This makes them rather cynical(愤世嫉俗的)．

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

(注意：每空格1个单词)

　　WASHINGTON－According to statistics compiled by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 72 officers were killed by criminals in 2011, increased markedly in recently years．

　　The 2011 deaths were the first time that more officers were killed by suspects than car accidents．The number was the highest in nearly two decades, excluding those who died in the Sept．11 attacks in 2001 and the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995．

　　While the F．B．I．and other law enforcement(执行)officials cannot fully explain the reasons for the rise in officer homicides, they are clear about the terrible consequences．

　　“In this law enforcement job, when you pin this badge on and go out on calls, when you leave home, you can't guarantee that you will come back,” said Sheriff Ray Foster of Buchanan County, Va．

　　After a series of killings in early 2011, Attorney General Eric H．Holder Jr．asked federal authorities to work with local police departments to try to come up with solutions to the problem．

　　The F．B．I．, which has tracked officer deaths since 1937, paid for a study conducted by John Jay College that found that in many cases the officers were trying to arrest or stop a suspect who had previously been arrested for a violent crime．

　　That prompted the F．B．I．to change what information it will provide to local police departments, the officials said．Starting this year, when police officers stop a car and call its license plate into the F．B．I．'s database, they will be told whether the owner of the vehicle has a violent history．Through the first three months of this year, the number of police fatalities has dropped, though it is unclear why．

　　Some law enforcement officials believe that techniques pioneered by the New York Police Department over the past two decades and adopted by other departments may have put officers at greater risk by encouraging them to conduct more street stops and to seek out and confront(对抗)suspects who seem likely to be armed．In New York and elsewhere, police officials moved more officers into crime-ridden areas．

　　Some argue that the rise in violence is linked to the tough economy．With less money, police departments, after years of staffing increases, have been forced to make cutbacks(削减)．

　　The police chief in Camden, N．J．, J．Scott Thomson, whose force of 400 was cut by nearly half last year because of financing issues, said that having fewer officers on the street “makes it that much more difficult to create an environment in which criminals do not feel as encouraged to attack another person, let alone a law enforcement officer．”

　　“Every stop can be potentially fatal, so we are trying to make sure the officers are ready and prepared to face deadly force every single day they go out．” Ms．Klimt said．

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　When I walked into the house after school, the first thing I noticed was a box with items I recognized from my dad's office．When he told me that he was laid off, I thought he was joking．Then I noticed his seriousness and realized he was telling the truth．My father has always been a hard worker．He has prided himself on his career．　　1　　 I guess I had taken his work for granted．

　　　　2　　 For starters, he was home all the time．It meant my bed had to be made, my room cleaned up, and my homework done right after school．I would come home every day to find him at the computer searching for jobs．　　3　　 He seemed down, though he tried to be optimistic．He asked my brother and me to spend less．I gave up my spending money, which wasn't much．I also found a part-time job．

　　　　4　　 He explained that he never wanted to be laid off again, so he was going to start his own business．Day by day, I watched him build it．One evening I asked if he needed help．“Only if it doesn't affect school, ” he said．I showed up at his office the next afternoon, and most afternoons after that for two months．

　　　　5　　 The terrible experience for our family taught me how to deal with difficulties．Now I know that through creative problem-solving, I can always find Plan B．I can ask for help and take risks．What I have learned from my dad's understanding of business and his work ethic(信条)are two of the most important lessons I will ever learn．And they will be my principles for success．

A．Providing for our family has been his joy．

B．I made every effort to solve his problems．

C．I began to notice how losing his job had affected him．

D．My father's unemployment created many changes in our lives．

E．After months of searching, my dad decided to go in a totally different direction．

F．His courage and determination helped him to become successful in his new career．

G．I always knew he was a hard worker, but watching him in action influenced me a lot．

阅读理解

　　The American book “ Who Moved My Cheese” has been a best-seller all over the world．　　1　　．Now its author Spence Johnson has written a book just for teenagers．

　　The book tells us that when facing changes in our lives, like a new school or new friends, don't be afraid．Instead, use these changes to make a better life．

　　　　2　　 A school is changing from having two terms to three terms because there are too many students．Several teenagers are talking about this．Most of them are unhappy and worried．But Chris laughs and tells a story about two mice, two little people and some cheese．　　3　　 Here, cheese means something important in life, like moving to a new class or getting into college．　　4　　 The mice realize that they can't change what has happened and have to find more cheese．　　5　　 The little people, however, can't do this．They are afraid of change so they find no cheese．

　　After Chris finishes the story, the friends understand one thing：to get more cheese, move in a new direction quickly．His friends understand how this can be used in the changes all teenagers face, such as doing well at school or having good relationships or just feeling good about yourself．

A．It tells a story which happened between mice and people．

B．It teaches people how to face changes in their lives．

C．But they find the cheese is gone．

D．However, some strange things happened in a school．

E．The book gives an example of a change at school．

F．The four are in a maze looking for the cheese．

G．This means finding different dreams．

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项，将所选题号填入答题页的对应空格中。

　　Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit－and that can be a very annoying thing．　　1　　

　　Read on for some techniques worth trying．

　　1．　　2　　

　　People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimer's disease(早老性痴呆症), according to a recent study．　　3　　

　　Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do．There's evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better．In other words, keep your brain looking forward．

　　2．Go for a walk．

　　Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖)levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels．In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain．　　4　　

　　3．Learn something new．

　　Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards．A study found that mental stimulation(刺激)limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind．But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time．　　5　　 Or go dancing with your friends．

A．Focus on the future．

B．This can be especially harmful to the aged．

C．It should be something like learning gardening．

D．So take a few minutes each day to do some reading．

E．But don't worry if your schedule isn't filled with life-changing events．

F．Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments．

G．In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain．

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空只填一个单词。

　　We all need physical exercise．Exercise uses up food we eat and keeps the body full of energy．It works your muscles and makes your heart work hard so as to send blood to your muscles．So, exercise makes your heart and muscles strong．Exercise also makes you feel refreshed．If you exercise a couple of times a week, you will stay happy and healthy．

　　Some Western countries, such as the United States, have problems with exercise．In the US, many people don't have enough exercise because it is hard for them．People have to work from dawn till dusk, so they don't have time to take exercise．They work in office buildings sitting in chairs all day long in front of computers．They cannot get much exercise sitting at desk passively．

　　Some Westerners can get exercise walking from their homes to work．However, most people cannot do this．It is too far from their homes to their offices．They have no choice but to drive to work．In fact, some have to drive one or two hours to their offices．This is unfavorable in two ways．First, these people don't have a chance to exercise because they are sitting in their cars for two to four hours each day．Second, driving is challenging especially in rush hours and calls for too much attention．It makes a person worn out．So, when these people arrive home at night, they don't want to take exercise after work．

　　Today, many people in the West are overweight, which causes health problems for them．Doctors say exercise can help people both lose weight and improve their health．So many people are trying to get more exercise．But it takes time to change, and when people don't see a difference right away, they will lose heart and stop exercising．

阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词

注意：每个空格只填一个单词

　　Farmers might think the idea of growing food for fun sounds strange．But there are some people who do it all the time．

　　They grow some vegetables because their natural color or shape is pleasing to see．They grow others because scientists have developed new colors or different size for traditional vegetables．

　　One example is the bell pepper(胡椒)．Seed companies sell seeds for several different kinds of bell peppers．One pepper is a weak yellow color when it begins to grow．Then its color changes to white．As it grows, it changes color two more times-to orange, then red．

　　Another unusual plant is known as the yard-long bean or snake bean．It grows up to one meter in length．It is an important part of the food supply in areas of Asia．

　　American farmers like it because it is different, yet tastes very much like the green beans they traditionally grow．Each bean has from ten to twenty seeds．The outside or pod can be eaten．Some of the very long beans are green outside but have black-and –white or red seed．

　　Gourds(葫芦)are plants that people like to grow because of the many different shapes．They also have many uses．Some round gourds are dried, painted and made into containers．Others have long necks and big bodies．These are dried, cut and made into pour drinking water．

　　Another kind of gourd is used to make sponges(海绵)．When it is fully grown, it is removed from the vine and permitted to dry for a few weeks．Then it is placed in water for a few hours．The outer shell is then removed．The gourd is placed in the sun to dry．When it is fully dry, it is cut into pieces for use as sponges．They have a rough surface．They can be used to clean away dead skin cells, which makes them a popular skin-care product．

阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

　　Here are some tips on business travel safety, which can be used wherever your next trip may take you, from John Rose, president of Business Travel Services．

　　No．1：Keep your travel plan private．“Whether you are traveling at home or abroad, don't discuss your itinerary, ” Rose said．“Otherwise, you may become an easier target for bad people while you are traveling．”

　　No．2：Be alert(警惕的)．Keeping your eyes and ears open while you are away on business allows you to more easily notice anything strange or unusual．“If you manage to have good control of the environment, you won't be targeted by bad guys, ” Rose said．

　　No．3：Have an emergency contact(熟人)．“Keeping the phone number of an emergency contact in your mobile phone or wallet is always a smart idea, especially when you are traveling alone, ” Rose said．“Always have someone who knows your plans as an emergency contact, such as a colleague or a family member．” He added．

　　No．4：Book your ground transportation in advance．“This is the key to successfully business travel when you are traveling internationally, ” he said．“Don't make yourself wait for transportation, ” he said．“Arrange it in advance, even if it's a taxi．Pay for transportation in advance as well．”

　　No．5：Copy all the important documents．This is also an important tip for international trips．Rose said all important documents should be copied．The copies must be kept separate(分开的)from the original documents, so if one gets stolen you still have the other．

1．What's the meaning of the underlined word “itinerary” in Paragraph 2?(No more than 5 words．)

2．What if you keep alert on your business travels?(No more than 10 words．)

3．According to Paragraph 5, what should you do for your international business travel(No more than 10 words．)

4．What does the passage mainly talk about(No more than 8 words．)

5．Do you think it necessary to have an emergency contact? Please give your reason．(No more than 25 words．)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多余选项。

　　1　　．Being angry doesn't really solve much, but what people do when they feel angry is important．The goal is to calm down and try to solve what is bothering you．This is hard for some kids and adults, too．Instead of calming down, some kids might keep getting more and more upset until they explode like a volcano!

　　2　　．Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper．They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful．People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper．　　3　　

Some kids might get so angry that they scream at their parents, break something, or even worse, hit their brothers or sisters．　　4　　．However, it's not OK for a kid to do any of those things．Kids don't want to act in this way, but sometimes　angry feelings can be hard to manage．So what to do?

Well, the good news is that kids don't just have to keep making the same mistakes over and over again．　　5　　．Imagine your temper as a puppy inside you that needs some training．The puppy is not bad-it will probably turn out a great dog．It just needs to learn some rules because, right now, that puppy is causing some problems to you．

A．You can train you temper．

B．You don't want to cause trouble．

C．Kids should be allowed to express their feelings, even angry ones．

D．Everybody gets angry sometimes．

E．In fact, they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry．

F．Instead of thinking of the person you’re angry with, think of something else．

G．Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids．

阅读下列短文，根据所读内容在文章后的表格中填入恰当的单词。注意：表格中的每个空只填一个单词。

　　We are going to describe one way to build a rooftop garden that does not even require soil．Four things are needed for a small rooftop garden．One thing is a roof that can support the weight．Another is grass cutting．The third thing is a sheet of plastic in which to spread the cut grass．And the last thing is a box about eight centimeters deep and made out of four pieces of wood．

　　Once you are sure the roof is good, cut and collect some grass．Then lay down the plastic where the garden box will go．The four-sided box can be as long and as wide as needed．Place the box on top of the sheet of plastic．Then fill it with the cut grass．Next, add water and walk on the cuttings to press them down．

　　After about three weeks, the rooftop garden is ready for planting．Put the seeds directly into the wet grass cuttings．This garden is a good place to grow peas, tomatoes, beans, onions and lettuce．If the box is deep enough, potatoes and carrots will also grow．

　　It is important to keep the grass wet until the plants begin to grow．When the plants are growing, they will need watering every day, unless there is rain．And they will need some liquid fertilizer．Also, seeds and new plants must be protected from insects and birds．

　　Rooftop gardens are increasingly popular, and not just to grow vegetables．They keep buildings cooler in the sun, so they save energy．They can also extend the useful life of a roof．Rooftop gardens also reduce the runoff of storm water and help clean the air．Plus the add beauty, and give birds and insects in the city a nice place to live．

　　The building of a rooftop vegetable garden