The Diet Zone: A  Dangerous  Place
Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically（身体上）.
Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale（秤）instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.
On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.
The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.
Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.
【小题1】From Paragraph 1, we learn that ________.

A．diet products fail to bring out people’s potential

B．people are fed up with diet products

C．people have difficulty in choosing diet products

D．diet products are misleading people

【小题2】 One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to _____.

A．hesitate before they enjoy diet foods

B．pay attention to their own eating habits

C．watch their weight rather than their diet

D．try out a variety of diet foods

【小题3】In Paragraph 3, “gain comes without pain” probably means ______.

A．losing weight is effortless

B．diet products bring no pain

C．it costs a lot to lose weight

D．diet products are free from calories

【小题4】Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such products ______.

A．lack basic nutrients	B．are over-consumed
C．are short of chemicals	D．provide too much energy

Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger ,but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways .
You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water . A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater . Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers .It came from underground . The more roads and parking lots we pave ,the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater .
Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺). Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more  rainfall  ,but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs .
Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference ,too. In the United States ,a family of four can use 1.5tons of water a day ! This shows how much we depend on water to live ,but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number .
You can take steps to save water in your home .To start with ,use the same glass for your drinking water all day .Wash it only once a day .Run your dishwasher (洗碗机)only when it is full 。Help your parents fix any leaks in your home . You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away .
【小题1】.Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater ?

A．paving parking lots .	B．Throwing batteries away .
C．Using river water	D．Throwing rubbish into lakes .

【小题2】 What can be inferred from the text ?

A．All water shortages are due to human behavior .

B．There is much we can do to reduce family size .

C．It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs .

D．The average family in America makes proper use of water .

【小题3】The last paragraph is intended to               .

A．show us how to fix leaks at home

B．tell us how to run a dishwasher

C．prove what drinking glass is best for us

D．suggest what we do to save water at home

【小题4】The text is mainly about            .

A．Why paving roads reduces our water

B．how much we depend on water to live

C．why droughts occur more in dry climates

D．how human activity affects our water supply

A Healthy Habits Survey（调查）shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1.How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
·Finding：A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
·Step：Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.
2.How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
·Finding：Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30%wash their hands only 4 times a day-half of the number doctors recommend.
·Step：We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs（病菌）to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes.Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3. How often do you think about fighting germs?
·Finding：Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
·Step：Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge（海绵）that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for  10 seconds.
【小题1】What is found out about    American seniors?

A．Most of then have good habits.

B．About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day

C．All of then are fighting germs better than expected .

D．Nearly 30%of then bathe three days a week .

【小题2】Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands          .

A．eight times a day	B．three times a day
C．four times a day	D．twice a day

【小题3】Which of the following is true according to the text ?

A．We should keep from touching our faces .

B．There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth .

C．We should wash our hands before touching a door handle .

D．A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet .

【小题4】The text probably comes from             .

A．a guide book	B．an official document
C．a book review	D．a popular magazine

Children and teenagers who spend lots of time in front of screens---especially TVs---are   easier to get more weight as they grow, according to a new study.
The findings agree with the research suggesting all that inactive sitting and always watching   advertisements may lead to poor eating habits.
Researchers used results from a long-term study of children who took part in the surveys every two years. Children were between ages 9 and 16 when the study started. Out of 4,300 girls in the   study, 17 percent were overweight or obese（肥胖的）. Twenty-four percent of the 3,500 boys   were also above a healthy weight.
The surveys included questions about their height and weight as well as how much time they spent watching TV and DVDs and playing computer and video games.
From one survey to the next, each one-hour increase in children’s daily TV watching was in connection with an increase of about 0.1 points on a body mass index (BMI)（体质指数）, which measures weight in connection with height. There’s an increase of about half a pound in weight per extra hour of TV.
“The weight of the evidence is so strong that television watching is connected with unhealthy changes in weight among youth,” says Jennifer Falbe, who led the study while at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston.
“It's important for parents to know that all the obesity-causing（引起肥胖的）screens really should be limited in their children's lives.” Falbe says. “When children watch TV, there are many food advertisements on TV that might lead them to eat a cookie or drink a soft drink.” What's more, she says, “they can get into a hibernating(冬眠) state on the sofa, even if children are sitting down while playing a computer game.”
【小题1】Which of the following statements can be the best title for the text?

A．A new study on screens.

B．TVs do harm to children.

C．The less TV time, the fatter.

D．Too much screen time leads to obesity.

【小题2】 How many children took part in the study?

A．4,300	B．3,500
C．7,800	D．9,800

【小题3】According to the study, one extra hour screen time will cause children about ______ poundfatter.

A．0.1	B．0.5
C．0.3	D．0.7

【小题4】According to Falbe , what should parents do to stop children getting fat?

A．Limiting the time of children watching TV.

B．Buying children food advertised on TV.

C．Not allowing children to watch TV.

D．Encouraging children to play computer games.

Good health is the most valuable thing a person can have, but one cannot take good health for granted. It is important to remember that the body needs proper care in order to be healthy. There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food ,get enough sleep, and exercise regularly.
Proper nutrition (营养) is important for good health. Your body cannot work well unless it receives the proper kind of “fuel”(燃料).Don't eat too much food with lots of sugar and fat. Eat plenty of foods high in protein (蛋白质) ,like meat, fish, eggs and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are very important because they provide necessary vitamins (维他命) and minerals. However, don't overeat. It is not helpful to be overweight.
Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you don't get enough sleep, you feel tired and easily get angry. You have no energy. Over a long period of time a little a amount of sleep may even result in a change of personality (人的个性).Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night. If you do, your body will feel strong and refreshed, and your mind will be sharp.
Finally, get plenty of exercise. Exercise firms the body, strengthens the muscles, and prevents you from gaining weight. It also improves your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise program, you will probably increase your life-span (寿命).Any kind of exercise is good. Most sports are excellent for keeping the body in good shapes: basketball, swimming, bicycling, running and so on are good examples. Sports are not only good for your body, but they are enjoyable and interesting, too.
If everybody, were to eat the right foods, get plenty of sleep and exercise regularly, the world would be a happier and healthier place. We would all live to be much older and wiser.
【小题1】In order to keep good health, ___________ .

A．we should eat a lot of sweets

B．one needs a large amount of fat

C．people should eat according to the foods nutrition

D．we must try to sleep now and then

【小题2】. Eating more and sleeping less________.

A．can keep healthy	B．is no good for you
C．gets you more energy	D．will keep your personality

【小题3】.The title of the article should be___________ .

A．Eating and Exercising	B．How Vitamins Work in Man's Body
C．Staying Healthy	D．Sleeping Well

Depressed people can be very difficult to be around，and yet they need more than the usual amount of support and understanding from their friends and family.
The anger and lack of concern that a depressed person may have for people close to him or her can be very disturbing to someone who's trying to help.At such times，the sincerity of a friend or a family member is questioned when the depressed person doesn't feel worthy of someone's friendship.Withdrawal from others can make it nearly impossible to encourage a depressed person to enter into activities that may help pull him or her out of the depression.
It is frequently difficult for a depressed person to carry on a conversation.Attempts to help may be met with defensiveness and verbal attacks.While being supportive and understanding，the friend of a family member must be careful not to do too many things for the depressed person.There is a very thin line between being supportive and being overly protective.Too much“doing for” can be a disservice(帮倒忙)．
You can best help a friend or relative who is depressed by considering the following points：
◆Do not moralize.Don't pressure him or her to “put on a happy face，” or to “snap out of it.” Often the person will feel even worse after hearing such words.
◆When you are alone with your depressed friend，you might say something like，“I've noticed lately that you seem down.I care about you and would like to listen to what you're thinking about.” Then be a good listener.
◆Don't say，“I know exactly how you feel.” You probably don't.But if you've had similar experiences，sharing those may help.Say things like，“This happened to me.It might help you.” Or “I know some of what you must be feeling.”
◆Urge him or her to get professional help if necessary.Offer to accompany your friend on the first visit if it will be easier for the person.
【小题1】．The above passage is mainly intended for ________.

A．a doctor who works with a depressed person

B．a depressed person

C．one who lives with a depressed person

D．an expert who gives advice to a depressed person

【小题2】Too much “doing for” can ________.

A．cause more severe depression

B．give the depressed person courage

C．result in defensiveness from the depressed person

D．be of no help to the depressed person

【小题3】What are you advised to say to a depressed person?

A．Try to look happy and you'll be better.

B．I know exactly how you feel.

C．I had a similar experience.And it might help you.

D．Cheer up and get rid of your depression.

【小题4】We can infer from the second paragraph that a depressed person ________.

A．is willing to appreciate the sincerity of a friend or a family member

B．has a sense of pride of his own

C．may do something unreasonable to your friendship

D．is likely to doubt the purpose of a friend or family member

People are overweight for many reasons, the most important one of which is that they eat the wrong foods, get the wrong types of calories per meal, and they also eat meals at the wrong time each day. Food is more powerful than any weight loss pill(减肥药), because the food that you eat can either make you thin or fat. This is true because your body is like an engine, and it only needs certain foods at certain intervals(间隔)each day. Low-calorie Diets Do Not Work
The reason people cannot lose weight by starving themselves is that their metabolism(新陈代谢)will detect any major drop in calories and it will then adjust(调整)itself by burning fewer calories each day. That is the reason why you can eat 1,000 calories per day and not lose any weight, while your friends can eat 2,500 calories per day and not gain any weight.
Low-fat Diets Do Not Work
Many people in today’s society are buying mostly low- fat or non-fat food at the grocery store. Everybody knows how much fat is inside the food they buy. However, people are getting fatter than ever before by doing this. They are not losing weight by changing to this low fat lifestyle.
Losing weight has nothing to do with these things. One of the most important things you can do to control your weight is to eat the proper foods, such as fruit and vegetables, eat them at the right time, and exercise every day. If people make this a habit, they will lose weight.
【小题1】What is the main reason why people are overweight?

A．They eat the wrong foods at the wrong time.

B．They eat food with lots of calories.

C．They don’t take any weight loss pills.

D．They burn many calories every day.

【小题2】The article is written in order to _______.

A．tell readers not to buy low-fat or non-fat food

B．tell readers how to lose weight

C．tell readers about an important scientific discovery

D．call on people to lose weight and stay healthy

【小题3】To realize the aim of your weight loss plan, you should ________.
a. do exercise every day
b. eat meals at the right time
c. eat fruits and vegetables
d. eat low-fat or sweet food
e. eat the proper foods at each meal

A．a, b, c, d

B．a, b, d, e

C．a, c, d, e

D．a, b, c, e

People around the world drink about 180 billion liters of soda a year. That translates to more than 29 liters per person. Experts say the amount of carbonated soft drinks we consume(消费) is growing. New research from the American Heart Association finds that drinking soda, even diet soda, may significantly increase your risk for heart disease. Dr. Ramachandran Vasan led the study. "Drinking just one or more sodas a day may not be as innocuous as people think."
In a large study of 9,000 people, doctors discovered that those who drank one or more sodas a day had a 30% increased risk for obesity(肥胖), a 25% increase in the risk for abnormal(非正常的) blood sugar levels, and a 32% increase in the odds of having low levels of good cholesterol(胆固醇).
All of these factors increase the risk for heart disease. And there was no difference in the results for those who drank diet soda over regular soda. It’s something that surprised even the researchers.
Critics of the study say diet soda may not be the cause of increased risk of heart disease. Connie Diekman is president of the American Dietetic Association. "It does not conclusively say that this will cause that."
In other words, it could be that unhealthy people like soda. Dr. Vasan found those who drink soda generally tend to have greater caloric intake. They eat more saturated fat and trans fats. They also eat less fiber and exercise less. Diet soda drinkers may also share this unhealthy lifestyle. Dr. Vasan agrees that the link he found between heart disease risk and diet soda needs additional study.
【小题1】 What does the underlined word “innocuous” in the first paragraph probably mean?

A．popular.

B．harmless.

C．effective.

D．risky.

【小题2】 According to the study, which of the following is true?

A．Only people who overdrink sodas have high risk for heart disease.

B．In the study, about one quarter of people have high blood level.

C．Both regular and diet sodas can probably increase the risk for heart disease.

D．Dr. Vasan is the leader of the American Heart Association.

【小题3】 What can be inferred from the passage above?

A．All the experts agree with the results of the study.

B．Sodas of any kind are certain to increase the risk for heart disease.

C．People have expected the results of the research.

D．More studies are needed to prove the results.

【小题4】How does the writer present the passage?

A．By comparing opinions.	B．By giving advice.
C．By showing facts.	D．By discussing information.

Notice
Dear Degree-doing International Students,
According to the University’s regulations governing the Curriculums (课程) of General Education, the curriculum-choosing procedures (程序) are as follows:
Who
All degree-doing international students are required to choose the curriculums related to Chinese Language and Culture. Refer to Item 3 for different arrangements for undergraduate students (本科生) ,master and doctor students.
What curriculum to choose
You are required to choose two curriculums related to Chinese Language and Culture that suit your own level and program. The curriculum consists of Elementary Chinese, Intermediate （中级的）Chinese, and Chinese Culture (Taught in Chinese and English ). Please refer to Attachment 1 for details.
How many credits
You are required to complete 6 credits for each curriculum within a term.
When and How
A. Undergraduate students: you are required to complete the curriculum selection process (The system will be reopened next week) by 5:00 p.m. on June 22, 2013. About how to choose the courses, you can refer to Attachment 2 (It is in Chinese; turn to your Chinese friends or teachers for help if you cannot follow the procedures of the attachment) for the instructions.
B. Master and Doctor Students: you won’t have to complete the curriculum selection until early September; please wait for further notice on the arrangement.
Your cooperation will be highly appreciated.
Attachment 1: Chinese Language & Culture for International Students
Attachment 2: Handbook for Curriculum Selection
School of International Education
Chongqing University
June 13, 2013
【小题1】This notice is mainly about _______.

A．course selection	B．how to study elective courses
C．regulations of learning Chinese	D．Learning arrangements for elective courses

【小题2】The courses which can be chosen don’t include _______.

A．Chinese Culture	B．Advanced Chinese
C．Elementary Chinese	D．Intermediate Chinese

【小题3】According to the arrangement, who must finish choosing curriculums in June?

A．Doctor students	B．Master students
C．Undergraduate students	D．International students

【小题4】You can learn the instructions in the course selection from_______.

A．your friends

B．your teachers

C．Attachment One

D．Attachment Two

Course Details
Crazy Creatures (3—5 year olds)
Class size: 6—10 students
Course summary: “Crazy Creatures” teaches children the English language through songs, arts and craft and games. Every lesson focuses on（集中于）a famous children’s story such as “The Very Hungry Caterpillar”. The lesson introduces key vocabulary for the story and the children play games, sing songs, and do arts and craft activities based on the story.
Price: RMB 3,500/week,  RMB 6,500/2 weeks,  RMB 9,000/3weeks,  RMB 11,000/4weeks
Ancient Civilizations（文明）(8—12 year olds)
Class size: 6—16 students
Course summary: Children will learn about the culture, food, clothes and entertainment of people who lived in ancient civilizations, from Chinese, Greek, and Mayan / Aztec to Ancient Egypt. At the end of every week children will perform a short play wearing clothes they have made themselves. Throughout the course children will learn songs, read stories and write short stories and poems.
Price: RMB 4,500/week,  RMB 8,000/2 weeks,  RMB 11,500/3weeks,  RMB 14,000/4weeks
Literature（文学）Study (12—14 year olds)
Class size: 6—10 students
Course summary: Children will practice the skills required for the GCSE English Literature exam through analyzing（分析）a novel. The novel is “Holes” by Louis Sachar, a best-seller across the world. This course will develop children’s writing skills and their ability to answer questions.
Price: RMB 4,500/week,  RMB 8,000/2 weeks
Dates: June 28—July 2,  July 5—July 9,  July 12—July 16,  July 19—July 23, 
July 26—July 30,  August 2—August 6
Time: 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, Monday to Friday
Teaching: Classes are taught by experienced native English speaking teachers with a Chinese teaching assistant.
Application Dateline（申请日期）: Friday 18 June 2010
Payment Dateline: Payment to be made to Harrow International School Beijing by first day of the course.
●Snacks and lunch are provided at no cost
●A school nurse will be on site throughout the course.
●Free school bus service available
【小题1】“Crazy Creatures” aims to improve children’s ______.

A．singing skills	B．social skills
C．English skills	D．computer skills

【小题2】Students who take “Ancient Civilizations” ______.

A．can learn about Chinese culture

B．will watch a short play every day

C．will be taught how to write songs

D．need to pay 3,500 yuan a week

【小题3】What do we learn about “Literature Study”?

A．It is suitable for students of all ages

B．It uses a novel as its textbook.

C．It will develop children’s art skills.

D．It will be taught by Louis Sachar.

【小题4】Which of the following is TRUE about the courses?

A．They will be offered from June to July.

B．Students will learn seven days a week.

C．School fees should be paid before 18 June.

D．Students can have free lunch at school.