Martin is an American boy. He is eight years old. His parents   41  _ five years ago and he is now living with his grandmother in New York.
　　One morning,  Jimmy ,  one of his classmates, came to his home with an exercises book in his hand. Jimmy lives in a house not far from Martin's. They often go to school together.
　　"Would you help me with this maths problem?" Jimmy said as soon as he came into the room. "It's too hard for me and I can't work it out."
　　"Let me try, " Martin said. "I   42  it isn't too hard for me. "
　　Martin tried his best but he couldn't work it out,   43   .
　　"If we had a small computer,  all the problems would be  44   for us to do. " Jimmy said.
　　"A small computer . . . , " Martin thought for a minute,  then he said, "I've got an idea. We can   45  one in a shop. "
　　"A computer is very   46   ,  and we don’t have enough money. "
　　"That's OK, " said Martin. "We can ask the new president (总统)   47  some money. He said he would help anyone in trouble. I' m sure he will help us. He is very rich, you know."
　　So they decided to write a letter to the new president. Soon the letter was finished and they hurried to the post office.
　　In front of the post office stood a small box. They   48   the letter into the box carefully and went home happily.
The next morning, they    49   the post office on their way to school. They found   50  ,  the box was not a post box but trash-box (果皮箱).

Assertiveness is the ability to confidently express your opinions, feelings,attitudes, and rights, in a way that doesn't infringe（侵犯） the rights of others.

    Many of us are taught that it is not nice to consider our own needs above those of others. If someone says or does something that we don't like, we should just be quiet and try to stay away from that person in the future.

    Why is Assertiveness important?

     If you don't know how to be assertive, you might experience:

•Depression - Anger, a sense of being helpless, hopeless, or of having no　control over your life.

•Resentment - Anger at others for taking advantage of you.

•Frustration - Why did I allow that to happen?

     Most people find it easier to be assertive in some situations than in others. This　makes perfect sense. It's a lot easier to hold your ground with a stranger than with　someone you love. But the more important the relationship is to you, the more　ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ it is to be assertive. Assertive behavior leads to increased respect from others！

      But before you decide to act assertively, you have to decide if you can live

 with the results. Although assertive behavior usually will result in a positive

 response  (积极的回应)，some people 　might react differently.

   How to be effectively（有效地） assertive:

 •Use "I" statements. Keep the focus on the problem you're having. "I'd like to be able to tell my stories without interruption." instead of "You're always interrupting my stories ! "

 •Use facts, not opinions. "Did you know that shirt has a hole?" instead of　"You're not going out looking like THAT, are you?"

 •Express ownership of your thoughts, feelings, and opinions. "I get angry when he breaks his promises. " instead of "He makes me angry. "

 • Make clear and direct requirements. Don't invite the person to say no. "Will  you please?" instead of　'Would you mind．．．?" or "Why don't you．．．?"

•Keep repeating your point. Use a low level and pleasant voice. Don't try to explain yourself.

1.The writer probably agrees that­­­____________.

A. you should consider others' response before you act assertively

B. you should be assertive if you want to get good marks

C. assertiveness is the ability to infringe others' rights.

D. assertive behavior will bring you bad feelings

2.The expression "hold yourｇround" probably means “_________________”

A. reach an agreement

B. insist on your point

C. keep your word

D. keep on fighting

3.Which of the following helps you to be effectively assertive?

A. Explaining yourself in a soft and sweet voice.

B. Expressing ownership of others' thoughts.

C. Making requirements directly and clearly.

D. Using your opinions instead of facts.

Mr Smith was ill and he went to see a doctor． The doctor asked  him to put out his tongue（舌头）， and then he said， “OK， You can put your tongue back now． There’s nothing wrong with you， but I’m afraid you have a problem． You hardly ever take exercise．”
　 “But， doctor，” Mr Smith said， “I don’t think so．”
　 “Don’t tell me what you think，” the doctor said， “I know    what you need．　I see a lot of people like you． None of them goes  any exercise． They sit in offices all day and in front of the        television in the evening． You must walk quickly for at least（至少）20 minutes a day．”
　 “I don’t want to hear any excuse（借口），” the doctor said． “You must find time for exercise． If you don’t， you will get fat and have health problems．”
　 “But I walk every day，” Mr Smith said．
　 “Oh， yes， and I know what kind of walking that is． You walk a few meters to the bus stop from your house， a few more meters from  the bus stop to your office， and a few more meters from your office  to your dining–room for lunch and back． That’s not a real walk．  I’m talking about a walk in the park or by the lake for twenty      minutes every day．”
　　“Would you please listen to me， doctor? Mr Smith said， getting a little angry with his doctor．
　　“I’m a postman，” Mr Smith went on， “and I walk for nearly（几乎）seven hours every day．”
　　For a moment the doctor was silent（沉默的）， then he said      quietly， “Put out your tongue again， will you?”
　　根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
【小题1】 Where did Mr Smith work?
___________________________________________________________
【小题2】How did the doctor look over Mr Smith?
___________________________________________________________
【小题3】 What did the doctor ask Mr Smith to do?
___________________________________________________________
【小题4】Did Mr Smith take enough exercise every day?
___________________________________________________________
【小题5】What do you think of the doctor?
___________________________________________________________

Martin is an American boy. He is eight years old. His parents   41  _ five years ago and he is now living with his grandmother in New York.
　　One morning,  Jimmy ,  one of his classmates, came to his home with an exercises book in his hand. Jimmy lives in a house not far from Martin's. They often go to school together.
　　"Would you help me with this maths problem?" Jimmy said as soon as he came into the room. "It's too hard for me and I can't work it out."
　　"Let me try, " Martin said. "I   42  it isn't too hard for me. "
　　Martin tried his best but he couldn't work it out,   43   .
　　"If we had a small computer,  all the problems would be  44   for us to do. " Jimmy said.
　　"A small computer . . . , " Martin thought for a minute,  then he said, "I've got an idea. We can   45  one in a shop. "
　　"A computer is very   46   ,  and we don’t have enough money. "
　　"That's OK, " said Martin. "We can ask the new president (总统)   47  some money. He said he would help anyone in trouble. I' m sure he will help us. He is very rich, you know."
　　So they decided to write a letter to the new president. Soon the letter was finished and they hurried to the post office.
　　In front of the post office stood a small box. They   48   the letter into the box carefully and went home happily.
The next morning, they    49   the post office on their way to school. They found   50  ,  the box was not a post box but trash-box (果皮箱).

Mr Smith was ill and he went to see a doctor． The doctor asked  him to put out his tongue（舌头）， and then he said， “OK， You can put your tongue back now． There’s nothing wrong with you， but I’m afraid you have a problem． You hardly ever take exercise．”

　 “But， doctor，” Mr Smith said， “I don’t think so．”

　 “Don’t tell me what you think，” the doctor said， “I know    what you need．　I see a lot of people like you． None of them goes  any exercise． They sit in offices all day and in front of the        television in the evening． You must walk quickly for at least（至少）20 minutes a day．”

　 “I don’t want to hear any excuse（借口），” the doctor said． “You must find time for exercise． If you don’t， you will get fat and have health problems．”

　 “But I walk every day，” Mr Smith said．

　 “Oh， yes， and I know what kind of walking that is． You walk a few meters to the bus stop from your house， a few more meters from  the bus stop to your office， and a few more meters from your office  to your dining–room for lunch and back． That’s not a real walk．  I’m talking about a walk in the park or by the lake for twenty      minutes every day．”

　　“Would you please listen to me， doctor? Mr Smith said， getting a little angry with his doctor．

　　“I’m a postman，” Mr Smith went on， “and I walk for nearly（几乎）seven hours every day．”

　　For a moment the doctor was silent（沉默的）， then he said      quietly， “Put out your tongue again， will you?”

　　根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

 1. Where did Mr Smith work?

    ___________________________________________________________

2.How did the doctor look over Mr Smith?

    ___________________________________________________________

3. What did the doctor ask Mr Smith to do?

    ___________________________________________________________

4.Did Mr Smith take enough exercise every day?

    ___________________________________________________________

 5.What do you think of the doctor?

    ___________________________________________________________