Take a look at the label(标签) on almost any bottle of milk and you may see the word PASTEURIZED. What does that mean? Let’s find out by meeting Louis Pasteur.
Louis Pasteur was born in 1822 in a little town in France. As he grew up, he loved to paint. He loved to look at the world around him. When he went to college in Paris, he showed interest in looking through a microscope. A microscope makes things look a lot bigger; it lets you see things you can’t see just with your eyes. Looking through a microscope, Pasteur found a living world in a drop of water. He saw and drew pictures of the small living things -- he called them “microbes” or “germs”-- that crowded in a drop of water.
One day a winemaker came into the lab, hoping that someone could help him with his problem. “Sometimes my wine tastes delicious, but sometimes terrible,” he said to Pasteur. “Can you help me find out why?”
Pasteur put some drops of the wine under the microscope. He noticed that the terrible wine had some unusual germs. If he killed these germs, maybe he could keep the wine from turning terrible. He tried with different ways to kill the germs. In the end he found heating (加热) the wine seemed to work best. The winemaker tried it, and every bottle of wine tasted good.
Pasteur’s idea worked for other people, too. When farmers heated milk, it didn’t turn bad so quickly. When breweries heated beer, it tasted better. People called it “pasteurization” ---heating a liquid to kill bad germs. Aren’t you glad that the milk you drink has been pasteurized?

1. 1.

   The Chinese meaning for the word “microbes” is____.

   1. A.
      病毒
   2. B.
      真菌
   3. C.
      支原体
   4. D.
      微生物
2. 2.

   Which is the right order in Pasteur’s life story?
   (1). He received college education in Paris.
   (2) He helped to find some unusual germs in some drops of wine.
   (3) A new way of killing bad germs--pasteurization was found out.
   (4)He was born in 1822 in a little town in France.
   (5) Microbes were found by Louis Pasteur with the help of a microscope.

   1. A.
      2; 1; 3; 5; 4
   2. B.
      4; 1; 5; 2; 3
   3. C.
      4; 1; 3; 5; 2
   4. D.
      3; 1; 2; 5; 4
3. 3.

   What do you think Louis Pasteur was like from the passage?

   1. A.
      Clever, helpful and hard-working.
   2. B.
      Quiet, helpful and kind-hearted.
   3. C.
      Brave, careful and hard-working.
   4. D.
      Clever, serious and kind-hearted.
4. 4.

   Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

   1. A.
      Germs only live in something that is bad.
   2. B.
      Louis found the way to kill the unusual germs in the wine by chance (偶然).
   3. C.
      Everybody knows what the word PASTEURIZED means.
   4. D.
      Pasteurization is used to kill bad germs in the milk we drink.
5. 5.

   What does the passage mainly tell us?

   1. A.
      What life Louis Pasteur lived.
   2. B.
      How to make milk clean.
   3. C.
      How pasteurization was invented.
   4. D.
      What to do with wine.

Parents should stop blaming themselves because there’s not a lot they can do about it. I mean the teenager problem. Whatever you do or however you choose to deal with it, at certain times a wonderful, reasonable and helpful child will turn into a terrible animal.
I’ve seen friends deal with it in all kinds of different ways. One strict mother insisted that her son, right from a child, should stand up whenever anyone entered the room, open doors and shake hands like a gentleman. I saw him last week when I called round. Sprawling himself on the sofa in full length, he made no attempt to turn off the loud TV he was watching as I walked in, and his greeting was no more than a quick glance at me. His mother was ashamed. “I don’t know what to do with him these days,” she said. “He’s forgotten all the manners we taught him.” He hasn’t forgotten them. He’s just decided that he’s not going to use them. She confessed(坦白) that she would like to come up behind him and throw him down from the sofa onto the floor.
Another good friend of mine let her two daughters climb all over the furniture, reach across the table, stare at me and say, “I don’t like your dress; it’s ugly.” One of the daughters has recently been driven out of school. The other has left home.
“Where did we go wrong?” her parents are now very sad. Probably nowhere much. At least, no more than the rest of that unfortunate race, parents.
【小题1】 This text is most probably written by ______.