Criminals have come up with a new fraud （欺诈） targeting the chip and PIN cards used by shop and petrol station customers across the country. They are stealing card-reading machines, taking them apart and installing （安装） devices which record card numbers and PIN’s, before returning them to the store. The installed devices are so hi-tech that they can transmit customers’ card details to a mobile phone. Cards are then cloned and used abroad in countries including the United States, Italy and Australia where cash machines do not have to read the unique microchip in British cards.

    Police have issued a warning about the fraud after arresting two men at a card-faking factory in Birmingham. A search of a house found stolen chip and PIN terminals, card account numbers, card readers and fake magnetic stripe cards.

 The criminals targeted shops by forcing staff to give them the card machines or getting a job there themselves. In some cases, they posed as engineers and took the machine away for an “upgrade.”

    Card fraud abroad has increased by 77 percent— and cost ￡207.6 million—in the past year. While fraudsters used to put pinhole cameras above the chip and PIN device to get hold of the number, they now use the chip and PIN terminal to get that basic data．They are getting hold of the PIN from inside the reader. Police said the Birmingham factory had stolen card machines from 30 shops, supermarkets and petrol stations across the country. These arrests are a significant development in the fight against the organized criminal gangs responsible for this type of fraud．

1．The criminals mentioned in the passage are most probably from ________.

A．Britain          B．America            C．China               D．Italy

2．According to the passage the criminals get money from the banks by ___________.

      A．stealing credit cards from petrol station customers

      B．installing devices inside the card machines

      C．cloning cards with customers’ card details 

      D．taking away card machines with PIN numbers

3．From the passage we can infer that______________.

      A．the fraud is mostly taking place in Birmingham

      B．the criminals withdraw money from banks in Britain

      C．the credit cards made by the criminals cannot be discovered 

      D．criminals cannot make exactly the same cards as real ones

4．The passage is mainly about ____________.

      A．the fighting against credit card fraud

      B．criminals and their new fraud

      C．a new fraud to be discovered

      D．police and smart criminals

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从11～30各题所给四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中选出最佳选项.

　　Memorizing English words can be a headache for learners in China. It is also a time-consuming process to 1 a dictionary when you come across a new word. But have you ever 2 using an electronic dictionary to save your time and help you to memorize new words?

　　The electronic dictionary is a device that 3 English into Chinese and Chinese into English. It usually has a search function, too. Some also have other functions 4 a phonebook, a memo, a calendar and even games.

　　The electronic dictionary industry began to heat up in China in 1995. 5 , the industry has grown remarkably.

　　 6 a popular tool for business people, electronic dictionaries have also become 7 among tourists and professional interpreters. But in the past two or three years, younger people, 8 middle school students in China, have taken to this device.

　　One middle school student from Beijing said that about 9 of his classmates have an electronic dictionary. Almost all of Shenzhen's middle students have one, according to Fu Daqing, 10 is a manager at Shenzhen Technology Co, Ltd.

　　Why are these devices so popular in schools? Zhu Meng, a Junior Two student at a Shenzhen middle school, said,“The biggest advantages of the product are 11 is very easy to use and easy to carry. It also saves time.”

　　At present, no longer a cold, chunky box that users can 12 find friendly, the electronic dictionary is beginning to 13 a new look.

　　The MS-160, 14 by Shenzhen Meisheng Scientific Technology Co, Ltd, is a good example of a machine that students 15 easy to use and carry. Zhang Lina, a classmate of Zhumeng's, said,“This new model looks 16 .”

The MS-160 comes in four different popular colours and looks thinner and smaller than older models. It can store more than 100,000 words and 900 17 within 12 kinds of different situational dialogues 18 , this does not necessarily mean that electronic dictionaries can replace the traditional dictionaries.

　　Jia Lida, a Senior student at a Beijing middle school, said, “I don't have one because the price of an electronic dictionary is 19 than that of a paper dictionary.”

　　He added that, 20 paper dictionaries, electronic ones cannot tell users about how to use words-in writing and speaking, as well as in reading.

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A. ugly and smart

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C. fashionable and modem

D. lately and friendly

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　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从11～30各题所给四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中选出最佳选项.

　　Memorizing English words can be a headache for learners in China. It is also a time-consuming process to 1 a dictionary when you come across a new word. But have you ever 2 using an electronic dictionary to save your time and help you to memorize new words?

　　The electronic dictionary is a device that 3 English into Chinese and Chinese into English. It usually has a search function, too. Some also have other functions 4 a phonebook, a memo, a calendar and even games.

　　The electronic dictionary industry began to heat up in China in 1995. 5 , the industry has grown remarkably.

　　 6 a popular tool for business people, electronic dictionaries have also become 7 among tourists and professional interpreters. But in the past two or three years, younger people, 8 middle school students in China, have taken to this device.

　　One middle school student from Beijing said that about 9 of his classmates have an electronic dictionary. Almost all of Shenzhen's middle students have one, according to Fu Daqing, 10 is a manager at Shenzhen Technology Co, Ltd.

　　Why are these devices so popular in schools? Zhu Meng, a Junior Two student at a Shenzhen middle school, said,“The biggest advantages of the product are 11 is very easy to use and easy to carry. It also saves time.”

　　At present, no longer a cold, chunky box that users can 12 find friendly, the electronic dictionary is beginning to 13 a new look.

　　The MS-160, 14 by Shenzhen Meisheng Scientific Technology Co, Ltd, is a good example of a machine that students 15 easy to use and carry. Zhang Lina, a classmate of Zhumeng's, said,“This new model looks 16 .”

The MS-160 comes in four different popular colours and looks thinner and smaller than older models. It can store more than 100,000 words and 900 17 within 12 kinds of different situational dialogues 18 , this does not necessarily mean that electronic dictionaries can replace the traditional dictionaries.

　　Jia Lida, a Senior student at a Beijing middle school, said, “I don't have one because the price of an electronic dictionary is 19 than that of a paper dictionary.”

　　He added that, 20 paper dictionaries, electronic ones cannot tell users about how to use words-in writing and speaking, as well as in reading.

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A. ugly and smart

B. traditional and old

C. fashionable and modem

D. lately and friendly

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Johann Gutenberg, who worked as a goldsmith(金匠)，took what has already been discovered, and created a small invention that changed history. He created a machine that allowed him to move small blocks of letters in such a way that written material could be printed and mass-produced. Few people could read before Johann Gutenberg made the invention, but once books became less expensive, more Europeans could read and write.
Block printing existed long before Gutenberg. The Chinese had been using wood blocks to print books as early as 868, but a new set of woodcuts(木刻印版) had to be made for each book. Producing one book was not easy; producing all kinds of books was more difficult.
Writing ink dates from about 2500 BC in Egypt and China. Johann Gutenberg use an oil-base printing ink that would last longer than other inks used in his time. We don’t know much about Gutenberg because he was not famous during his lifetime. He was born in Germany about 1400. In 1448, Gutenberg developed signatures for each number, letter, and punctuation mark(标点符号). He then built the molds (模型) to hold the signatures in place. Johann Gutenberg published the first mass-produced book: a 1,282 page Bible. To this day, more copies of the Bible have been printed the any other book.
Copies of Gutenberg’s invention spread throughout Europe, but the German goldsmith did not get rich from his invention. Some officials denounced the invention of printing because they feared that it would spread bad ideas. By 1500 there 1,700 printing presses in Europe. The presses had already produced about 20 million volumes of 40,000 different books.

1. 1.

   What happened after Johann Gutenberg’s invention?

   1. A.
      People could afford to read books.
   2. B.
      People became interested in inventing.
   3. C.
      It was still difficult to print all kinds of books.
   4. D.
      Punctuation mark began to be used in printing.
2. 2.

   Compared with block printing in China, Johann Gutenberg’s method __________.

   1. A.
      was difficult to run.
   2. B.
      needed harder paper
   3. C.
      used a new kind of ink
   4. D.
      was put into use earlier
3. 3.

   The underlined word “denounced” in the paragraph means __________.

   1. A.
      fought against
   2. B.
      accepted
   3. C.
      laughed at
   4. D.
      supported
4. 4.

   What is the best title for the passage?

   1. A.
      A famous 1,282 page Bible
   2. B.
      The life of a famous inventor
   3. C.
      An invention that changed history
   4. D.
      The development of printing