题目列表(包括答案和解析)
NASA is moving ahead with plans to put a long-armed lander on Mars’ icy north pole to search for clues① for water and possible signs of life.
The $386 million Phoenix Mars is planned to touch down in the Martian arctic in 2008. The stationary probe will use its robotic arm to dig into the icy land and pick up soil samples② to analyze. In 2002, the Mars Odyssey orbiter spotted evidence of ice-rich soil near the arctic surface.
Scientists hope the Phoenix mission will find clues to the geologic history of water on the Red Planet and determine whether microbes③ existed in the ice.
Phoenix will be the first mission of the Mars Scout program, a renewed, low-cost effort to study the Red Planet. “The Phoenix mission explores new territory in the northern plains of Mars analogous to the permafrost regions on Earth,” Peter Smith said.
True to its name, Phoenix rose from the ashes of previous④ missions. The lander for Phoenix was built to fly as part of the 2001 Mars Surveyor program. But the program broke down after the well-known disappearance of the Mars Polar Lander in 1999. The Polar Lander lost contact during a landing attempt near the planet’s south pole after its rocket engine shut off prematurely, causing the spacecraft to fall about 130 feet to almost certain destruction.
The Phoenix probe had been in storage at a Lockheed Martin clean room in Denver before it was reused for its present mission. It will carry science instruments that were designed for the Mars Surveyor program including an improved panoramic camera and a trench-digging robotic arm. Phoenix will lift off from the Kennedy Space Center in August 2007 and land on the planet nine months later.
Notes:
clue n. 线索
sample n. 标本，样品
microbe n. 微生物
previous adj. 先前的
The passage mainly tells readers that _________.
A. clues of water will be found in Phoenix
B. Phoenix will be sent to find clues of water on Mars
C. August 2007 will see Phoenix lift off
D. the Mars Scout program will be carried out
The underlined word “prematurely” (paragraph 5) means _________.
A. on time B. behind the time C. out of work D. ahead of time
According to the passage, we know Phoenix will land on Mars _________.
A. in May 2008 B. in August 2007
C. in August 2008 D. in September 2008
According to the passage, the name “Phoenix” is after the meaning of _________.
A. rebirth B. death C. energy D. hope
After Phoenix lands on Mars, we can infer it will firstly _________.
A. find soil samples and send them to the earth
B. look for the icy land to dig for the soil samples
C. take photos and send them to the earth
D. find the remains of the Mars Polar Lander
DID you get a flu shot this year? For the first time, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US is recommending that all children aged from 6 months to 18 years receive the flu vaccine．
Vaccines battle diseases caused by bacteria and viruses．A weakened form of the germ （微生物） is introduced into the body．The body makes special substances called antibodies to fight the germs．If the actual germs were to attack, the antibodies would fight it．
Because there are many kinds of flu viruses, scientists must create a new vaccine formula （方程式） each year．Researchers must make a prediction．
It is like forecasting the weather．Sometimes they are right on, and sometimes they are off．But even when the vaccine does not closely match circulating flu types, it can make the illness less serious．
"The flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio （小儿麻痹症） vaccine or the measles vaccine," says Dr William Schaffner of Vanderbilt University School of Medicine．"It's not a great vaccine, but it is quite a good vaccine．"
But a flu vaccine doesn't work for everyone．There are certain people who should be careful about taking it．
Because the vaccine is produced in eggs, those who are allergic （过敏的） to eggs should not take it．If you have a fever, you should wait until you recover．
Some people are afraid that they might get the flu from the flu shot．Scientists say that it is not possible, because the viruses in the flu shot are inactivated．But some minor side effects such as low-grade fever and body ache could occur．If they do, they begin soon after the shot and usually last only one to two days．
Did you know?
Smallpox was the first disease people tried to prevent by putting a virus into a healthy person．In 1796, English scientist Edward Jenner placed some infected material under a boy's skin．
64．By saying "It's not a great vaccine, but it is quite a good vaccine", the author means the flu vaccine ．
A．does help to make illness less serious
B．is not effective, compared with the polio and measles vaccines
C．is not as effective as the polio and measles vaccines
D．is quite good because it works for everyone
65．We can infer from the passage that ．
A．those who are allergic to eggs should not take flu vaccine
B．you should go to a doctor if you have a fever or body ache after taking the flu vaccine
C．all the flu vaccines are not effective for everyone
D．it is possible that some people might get the flu from the flu shot
66．It is not advisable for everyone to take flu vaccine because ．
A．there are many kinds of virus
B．the flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio and measles vaccines
C．it has some minor side-effects
D．someone may be allergic to it
67．What topic will be discussed in the following paragraph?
A．How the smallpox vaccine worked on the boy．
B．The side-effects of smallpox vaccine．
C．The origin of the flu vaccine．
D．What kind of people should be careful about taking smallpox vaccine．
Did you get a flu shot this year? For the first time, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US is recommending that all children aged from 6 months to 18 years receive the flu vaccine．
Vaccines battle diseases caused by bacteria and viruses．A weakened form of the germ （微生物）is introduced into the body．The body makes special substances called antibodies to fight the germs．If the actual germs were to attack, the antibodies would fight it．
Because there are many kinds of flu viruses, scientists must create a new vaccine formula（方程式） each year．Researchers must make a prediction．
It is like forecasting the weather．Sometimes they are right on, and sometimes they are off．But even when the vaccine does not closely match circulating flu types, it can make the illness less serious．
"The flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio（小儿麻痹症）vaccine or the measles vaccine," says Dr William Schaffner of Vanderbilt University School of Medicine．"It's not a great vaccine, but it is quite a good vaccine．"
But a flu vaccine doesn't work for everyone．There are certain people who should be careful about taking it．
Because the vaccine is produced in eggs, those who are allergic（过敏的）to eggs should not take it．If you have a fever, you should wait until you recover．
Some people are afraid that they might get the flu from the flu shot．Scientists say that it is not possible, because the viruses in the flu shot are inactivated．But some minor side effects such as low-grade fever and body ache could occur．If they do, they begin soon after the shot and usually last only one to two days．
Did you know?
Smallpox was the first disease people tried to prevent by putting a virus into a healthy person．In 1796, English scientist Edward Jenner placed some infected material under a boy's skin．
1．By saying "It's not a great vaccine, but it is quite a good vaccine", the author means the flu vaccine ．
A．is not as effective as the polio and measles vaccines
B．is not effective, compared with the polio and measles vaccines
C．does help to make illness less serious
D．is quite good because it works for everyone
2．We can infer from the passage that ．
A．those who are allergic to eggs should not take flu vaccine
B．all the flu vaccines are not effective for everyone
C．you should go to a doctor if you have a fever or body ache after taking the flu vaccine
D．it is possible that some people might get the flu from the flu shot
3．It is not advisable for everyone to take flu vaccine because ．
A．there are many kinds of virus
B．the flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio and measles vaccines
C．someone may be allergic to it
D．it has some minor side-effects
4．What topic will be discussed in the following paragraph?
A．What kind of people should be careful about taking smallpox vaccine．
B．The side-effects of smallpox vaccine．
C．The origin of the flu vaccine．
D．How the smallpox vaccine worked on the boy．
Nobody likes home economics (家政学). But restoring the program could help us in the fight against obesity and chronic (慢性的) diseases today.
The home economics movement was founded on the belief that housework and food preparation were important subjects that should be studied scientifically. The first classes occurred in the agricultural and technical colleges that were built in the 1860s. When most departments of universities rejected women, home economics was a back door into higher education.
Indeed, in the early 20th century, home economics was a serious subject When few people understood germ (微生物) theory and almost no one had heard of vitamins, home economics classes offered vital information about washing hands regularly, eating fruits and vegetables and not feeding coffee to babies.
However, today we remember only the fixed ideas about home economics, forgetting the movement’s most important lessons on healthy eating and cooking. Too many Americans simply don’t know how to cook. Our diets, consisting of highly processed foods made cheaply outside the home, have contributed to many serious health problems. In the last decade, many cities and states have tried to tax junk food heavily or to ban the use of food stamps (食品券) to buy soda. Clearly, many people are doubtful about any governmental steps to promote healthy eating. But what if the government put the tools of obesity prevention in the hands of children themselves by teaching them how to cook?
My first experience with home economics happened two decades ago when I was a seventh grader in a North Carolina public school. A year later, my father’s job took our family to Wales, where I attended a large school for a few months. It was the first time I had ever really cooked anything. I remember that it was fun, and with an instructor standing by, it wasn’t hard. Those lessons stuck with me when I first started cooking for my husband and myself after college and they still do. Teaching cooking in public schools can help solve some problems facing Americans today. The history of home economics shows it’s possible.
1.Home economics______.
A. is a subject becoming more and more popular with Americans
B. is often used to help fight against obesity and chronic diseases
C. once offered women a. special approach to university education
D. was first taught in the agricultural and technical colleges in the early 1900s
2.The third paragraph mainly tells us______ .
A. the importance of regular hand washing
B. the health benefits of fruits and vegetables
C. the contents of home economics classes in the early 20th century
D. the significance of teaching home economics in the early 20th century
3. In the opinion of the author, how should we fight against childhood obesity?
A. Children should be taught how to cook.
B. A heavy tax should be put on junk food
C. Healthy eating should be promoted at school
D. Using food stamps to buy soda should be banned
4.What does the author imply in the last paragraph?
A. Her family moved frequently in her childhood.
B. Cooking classes have a far-reaching influence on her later life.
C. To receive a better education, she went to a large school in Wales.
D. Teaching cooking is the key to solving Americans’ health problems.
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