A new argument has been put forward as to whether penguins are disturbed by the presence of tourists in Antarctica.  
Previous research by scientists from Keil University in Germany monitored Adelie penguins and noted that the birds’ heart rates increased dramatically at the sight of a human as far as 30 meters away.  But new research using an artificial egg, which is equipped to measure heart rates, disputes this.  Scientists from the Scott Polar Research Institute at Cambridge say that a slow moving human who does not approach the nest too closely, is not viewed as a threat by penguins. 
The earlier findings have been used to partly explain the 20 per cent drop in populations of certain types of penguins near tourist sites.  However, tour operators have continued to insist that their activities do not adversely affect wildlife in Antarctica, saying they encourage non-disruptive behavior in tourists, and that the decline in penguin numbers is caused by other factors.
Amanda Nimon of the Scott Polar Research Institute spent three southern hemisphere summers at Cuverville Island in Antarctica studying penguin behavior towards humans.  “A nesting penguin will react very differently to a person rapidly and closely approaching the nest,” says Nimon.  “First they exhibit large and prolonged heart rate changes and then they often flee the nest leaving it open for predators (掠夺者) to fly in and remove eggs or chicks.”  The artificial egg, specially for the project, monitored both the parent who had been ‘disturbed’ when the egg was placed in the nest and the other parent as they both took it in turns to guard the nest.
However, Boris Culik, who monitored the Adelie penguins, believes that Nimon’s findings do not invalidate his own research.  He points out that species behave differently – and Nimon’s work was with Gentoo penguins.  Nimon and her colleagues believe that Culik’s research was methodologically flawed because the monitoring of penguins’ responses needed capturing and restraining the birds and fitting them with beart-rate transmitters.  Therefore, argues Nimon, it would not be surprising if they became stressed on seeing a human subsequently.
【小题1】According to the passage, what overall message is presented?

No one else knew about the extra club in Zach Nash’s golf bag. It belonged to a friend, and Zach forgot it was there as he played his way to victory in a junior tournament（锦标赛）last summer in Wisconsin, US.
The 14-year-old accepted his medal, celebrated with his grandparents who had come from a long way to watch. But when he stopped by his country club to share the news, a professional player noticed something wrong. “Count your clubs,” he told the teenager.
Fifteen—one more than allowed. Zach’s eyes filled with tears.
If Zach had just won a basketball championship or a soccer game and someone had discovered a violation after the win, it would not have mattered. It is nothing unusual for a soccer player to dive to the turf to draw fouls（假摔以使对方犯规）.
Golf is different. In a win-at-all-costs world, the game holds itself to a higher standard. Golf isn’t a game where referees watch closely. In golf tournaments, dozens of competitors are spread across acres of land, so officials cannot hope to see each shot. Competitors call penalties（处罚）on themselves.
“It was a sport for gentlemen, and gentlemen did not care about winning. They care about doing the right thing,” said Robert Simon, a golf coach at Hamilton College in New York.
Honesty became a medal of honor. When one of the game’s early stars, Bobby Jones, was praised for calling a penalty on himself at the 1925 US Open, he replied: “You might as well praise a man for not robbing a bank.”
So even the error had no effect on Zach’s final score—he has never used the extra club, the teenager packed up his medal and dropped it in the mail. “But this is golf, and rules are rules. I just knew what I had to do,” he said.   
Then came another tournament. Before teeing off(开球), Zach counted his clubs—four times.
【小题1】What can we infer from the text?  

D
Taste is suc．h a subjective matter that we dori't usually conduct preference tests for food． The most you can say about anyone's preference is that it's one person's opinion．But because the two bigcola companies-Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola-are marketed so aggressively, we've wondered how big arole taste-preference actually plays in brand loyalty．We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either Coca-cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting．
we inwited staff wolunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic or Pepsi, Diet Coke．or Diet Pepsi．These were people who thought they'd have no trouble telling their brand from the oLher brancl．
We eventuallv located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers．Then we fed them with four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other．rOVe asked them to tell us whether each sample wa．s Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants' choices \~-ith what mere guesswork could have accom-plished．
Getting all four samples right was a tough test, biit not too tough, we thought, for people whobelieved they could recognize their brand． In the end, only 7 0ut of 19 regular cola drinkers correct-ly identified their brand of choice in all four trial．s． The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse-only 7 out of 27 identified all four samples correctly．
Both groups did better than chance would predict, but nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times．Two people got all'four samples vrrong． Overall, hal．f theparticipants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so tiredness, or taste burn-out, was not a factor． Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price．
71．According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to______
A．show that a person's opinion about taste is mere guesswork
B．compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks
C．find out the role taste preference plays in a person's drinking
D．reveal which cola is more to the liking of the dr-inkcrs
72．The statistics recorded in the preference tests show that         
A．there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi
B．few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi
C．people's tastes differ from one another
D．Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people's two most favorite drinks
73．It is implied in the first paragraph that______
A．the competition between the two colas is very strong
B．blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans
C．the purpose of taste test is to promote the sale of colas
D．the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies
74．The underlined word "bumout" here refers to the state of          ．
A．being seriously bumt in the skin
B．being badly damaged by fire
C．being unable to bum for lack of fuel
D．being unable to function because of too much use
75．The author's purpose in writing this passage is to           ．
A．emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other
B．recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control'of colas
C．show that taste preference is highly subjective
D．argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy

Every culture in the world has marriage and wedding ceremonies . Usually marriages are between one woman(the bride) and one man ( the groom). However, in other parts of the world a man may have several wives, or, as in some areas of India, a wife may have more than one husband..
There are also many different kinds of wedding ceremonies practiced around the world. These ceremonies can be very short and simple, or very long and complicated.
One of the largest and most expensive wedding ceremonies in recent times was held in Dubai in 1981. The couple tying the knot at this wedding were the son of Sheik ( a male Arab ruler) Rashid Bin Saeed Al Maktoum and Princess Salama. The wedding ceremony took seven days and cost $44 million. It was held in a large building which was specially built for the ceremony and looked like a stadium. The bride and groom needed a large place for their wedding because more than 20,000 guests were invited.
The reasons why a man and woman get married also vary. Sometimes they marry because they are in love, sometimes they marry because someone they meet through a matchmaker, and sometimes they marry because their parents tell them that they must marry.
One unusual example of an arranged marrige took place in Bangladesh in 1986.  The groom was an eleven-month-old boy and the bride was a three-month-old girl. They were the youngest married couple ever.
The parents of the bride and groom arranged the marriage as a way of ending a fight between the two families who had been arguing over a farm for twenty years. Both families thought they owned the farm, but no one knew exactly . The fight ended for good when the young boy married the young girl. By arranging this marriage, neither famlily was forced to lose face. The two families agreed to give the farm to the young people.
【小题1】What is the best title for this passage?

Terry was a middle-aged leather trader whose repeated failures in career made him a bad-tempered and disappointed man, often complaining that he had been cheated by others. One day he told his wife he was so disappointed with the city that he had to leave.
So his family moved to another city. It was the evening of a weekend. When Terry and his wife were busily engaged in tidying up their new home, the lights suddenly went out and they were forced to stop work. Terry regretted to have forgotten to bring along candles and had to wait helplessly in a bad mood. Just then he heard light,hesitand（犹豫的）knocks on his door that were clearly heard in the quiet night.
“Who’s it?”he wondered. Terry didn’t know anybody in the new city, and this was the moment he especially hated to be disturbed. He went to the door and opened it impatiently. At the door was a little girl, asking in a shy voice,“Sir, do you have candles? I’m your neighbor.”“NO,”answered Terry rudely. He shut the door.“What a nuisance!”he grumbled（嘟囔）over it with his wife.“No sooner had we settled down than the neighbor came to borrow things. What’ll be the next? How bothering!”
He was angry about it when the door was knocked at again. He opened it and found the same little girl outside. But this time she was holding two candles. She said, “My grandma told me the new neighbor downstairs might need candles. She sent me here to give you these.”Terry was struck by what he saw. When he became fully aware, he said,“Thank you and your grandma. God bless you!”
At that moment he suddenly realized what caused his failure in life. It was his coldness and harshness（刻薄）with other people. The person who had cheated him in life was actually nobody else but himself, for his eyes had been blurred（使模糊）by his cold mind.
63.Terry decided to move to another city because___________.
A.he wanted to earn more money there
B.he found it more challenging to live in a new place
C.he didn’t like the place where he lived
D.he thought he should change his job
64.Terry treated the little girl rudely because he thought_________.
A.the neighbor would often borrow things from him later
B.he had no friends in the new city
C.she was too young to play with candles
D.he was cheated at that time
65.It can be concluded that Terry realized that he used to be_________.
A.cold and harsh                                       B.lazy and negative
C.friendly and kind                                      D.crazy and rude
66.What would be the best title for this passage?
A.Help others to help yourself              B.Light the candle in your heart
C.Terry’s good neighbor                             D.God bless you