Whether you’re eating at a fancy restaurant or dining in someone’s home. Proper table manners are likely to help you make a good impression. According to a US expert, Emily Post, “All rules of table manners are made to avoid ugliness.”
While Henry Hitchings of the Los Angeles Times admits that good manners can reduce social conflict, he points out that mostly their purpose is protective - they turn our natural warrior-like selves into more elegant ones.
So where did table manners come from?
In medieval England, a writer named Petrus Alfonsi took the lead to urge people not to speak with their mouths full. And King David I of Scotland also proposed that any of his people who learned to eat more neatly be given a tax deduction (减除).
Disappointingly, that idea never caught on. It was during the Renaissance, when there were real technical developments, opinions of correct behavior changed for good. “None of these was more significant than the introduction of the table fork,” wrote Hitchings. “Gradually, as forks became popular, they brought the new way of eating, making it possible, for instance, to consume berries without making one’s fingers dirty.”
Forks were introduced to Britain in 1608 and 25 years later, the first table fork reached America. Yet while most of the essentials (基本要素) are the same on both sides of the Atlantic, there are a few clear differences between what’s normal in the US and what holds true in the UK. For example, in the US, when food needs cutting with a knife, people generally cut a bite, then lay aside the knife and switch the fork to their right hand. Then they pick up one bite at a time. By contrast, Britons keep the fork in the left hand and don’t lay the knife down.
Though globalization has developed a new, simpler international standard of table manners, some people still stick with the American cut-and-switch method.The Los Angeles Times noted, “They are hanging on to a form of behavior that favors manners above efficiency.”
1.What does the story mainly talk about?

A．The importance of proper table manners .

B．The development of table manners in Western countries.

C．Some unwritten rules of table manners in the US and UK.

D．Differences between American and British table manners.

2.The underlined phrase “caught on” in the passage probably means ______.

A．worked in practice????????????? B．became popular

C．drew attention????????????? D．had a positive effect

3.Which of the following events influenced people’s table manners most according to the article?

A．The introduction of forks.

B．The tax deduction policy.

C．The rise of the Renaissance.

D．Petrus Alfonsi’s efforts in promoting table manners.

4.What can we conclude from the article?

A．British and American table manners are completely different from each other.

B．American people pay more attention to their table manners than British people do.

C．With globalization, the American cut-and-switch method has been abandoned in the US.

D．British people’s way of using a knife and fork may be more efficient than American people’s.

How do you address (称呼) people in English when you want to talk to them? The following may be some simple rules the beginners should follow.

1．When talking to a stranger there is often no special form of address in English. Usually，if you want to catch the attention of a stranger, it is necessary to use such a phrase as “Excuse me”．

2．In British English “Sir”and “Madam”are considered to be too formal (正式的)for most situations. They are used mostly to customers (顾客) in shops or restaurants. While in American English “Sir” and “Madam”are not so formal and are commonly used between stangers, especially with old people whose names you don’t know.

3．When you talk to some people you know，you can use their names.If you are friends, use their first names；if your relationship is more formal, use “Mr.”， “Mrs.”， “Ms.”， etc. before their family names.

4．There are many other forms of address which can be used between friends and strangers.However，many of these are limited in use. For example，“pal” and “mate” can be used between strangers，but are usually only used by men talking to other men.

1．According to the passage，“Excuse me” is mainly used to ________.

A．address a person you don’t know　　　 B．apologize to others

C．catch the attention of a stranger　　　　　 D．suggest good manners

2．If John Smith is your best friend，according to the passage you should often call him ________.

A．John 　　　　　 B．Smith　　　　　 C．Mr. Join 　　　　　D．Mr. Smith

3．Which of the following is NOT true?

A．“Sir” and “Madam”are used more often in America than in England.

B．People often use“Mr.”“Mrs.”or “Ms.”before the first names of those people who they don’t know very well.

C．“Pal” and “mate” are usually only used among men.

D．While addressing friends，people just use their first names.

4．The passage is most likely taken from an English ________.

A．textbook 　　　　 B．card　　　　 C．storybook 　　　D．grammar book

5．From the passages，we can infer that ________.

A．British English and American English have some differences

B．when your friends introduce a strange woman to you，you may call her first name.

C．“Excuse me” is common in Britain but not in America

D．“Sir” and “Madam” can be used when you meet your close friends

Table manners vary from culture to culture. What is acceptable in one country  1         be considered extremely rude in another . Here we will tell you about the traditional table manners   2        the modern table manners in Korea .         3          ( tradition ), it was the woman’s job to cook food and  4      ( set ) the table . The woman would sit  5          her husband to make sure that he had everything he needed for a pleasant meal . Only  6          the husband finished , would the woman and her children eat . Nowadays, table manners have changed a lot.   7               of the family members eat together at the same time . It is common to see everyone help with the meal,   8            ( include ) the husband. One tradition , however, has not changed . It is that the oldest person starts the meal.  9              ( stay ) until the oldest person is finished is considered to be  20                basic tradition of Korean table manners .

第Ⅱ卷（共35分）

一、 根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词，每个空格一词。（满分15分）

1. _______ ______ (除了) his being late that morning, he also had bad manners.

2. It ________ (使惊讶 ) us he meant to help, but in fact he just got in the way.

3. China is a country with a long history and c________.

4. The room looks very full because there’s a lot of _________(家具) in it.

5. There wasn’t enough e_______ to prove him guilty of the crime.

6. 这部影片获得高度评价并很快取得成功。

  The film _______ ______ ______ _______ and soon became a hit.

7. 他跟他的朋友讨论人生的问题。

  He ______ ______ his friends on the problem of life.

8. 他不会讲英语，我也是。

  He doesn’t speak English, _______ ______ ______.

Whether you’re eating at a fancy restaurant or dining in someone’s home, proper table manners are likely to help you make a good impression. According to a US expert, Emily Post, “All rules of table manners are made to avoid ugliness.”

While Henry Hitchings of the Los Angeles Times admits that good manners can reduce social conflict, he points out that mostly their purpose is protective – they turn our natural warrior-like selves into more elegant ones.

So where did table manners come from?

In medieval England, a writer named Petrus Alfonsi took the lead to urge people not to speak with their mouths full. And King David I of Scotland also proposed that any of his people who learned to eat more neatly be given a tax deduction (减除).

Disappointingly, that idea never caught on. It was during the Renaissance, when there were real technical developments, opinions of correct behavior changed for good. “None of these was more significant than the introduction of the table fork,” wrote Hitchings. “Gradually, as forks became popular, they brought the new way of eating, making it possible, for instance, to consume berries without making one’s fingers dirty.”

Forks were introduced to Britain in 1608 and 25 years later, the first table fork reached America. Yet while most of the essentials (基本要素) are the same on both sides of the Atlantic, there are a few clear differences between what’s normal in the US and what holds true in the UK. For example, in the US, when food needs cutting with a knife, people generally cut a bite, then lay aside the knife and switch the fork to their right hand. Then they pick up one bite at a time. By contrast, Britons keep the fork in the left hand and don’t lay the knife down.

Though globalization has developed a new, simpler international standard of table manners, some people still stick with the American cut-and-switch method.The Los Angeles Times noted, “They are hanging on to a form of behavior that favors manners above efficiency.”

1.What does the story mainly talk about?

A. The importance of proper table manners .

B. The development of table manners in Western countries.

C. Some unwritten rules of table manners in the US and UK.

D. Differences between American and British table manners.

2. The underlined phrase “caught on” in the passage probably means ______.
A. worked in practice ???????????? B. became popular

C. drew attention ???????????????? D. had a positive effect

3.Which of the following events influenced people’s table manners most according to the article?

A. The introduction of forks.

B. The tax deduction policy.

C. The rise of the Renaissance.

D. Petrus Alfonsi’s efforts in promoting table manners.

4.What can we conclude from the article?

A.British and American table manners are completely different from each other.

B.American people pay more attention to their table manners than British people do.

C.With globalization, the American cut-and-switch method has been abandoned in the US.

D.British people’s way of using a knife and fork may be more efficient than American people’s.