阅读下列短文，从所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案

　Since 1985, prices have risen in China for many reasons．However, inflation has not badly affected people' s lives because living standards have improved．

　Inflation is not an unbeatable beast．In fact, economists from all over the world have found ways to stop or reduce it．There are now several methods of controlling inflation．

　Reduce the amount of money being issued．

　Many experts believe inflation happens because too much money is printed．The more money the central bank issues, the more inflation there is．Therefore, the most important thing to do for any government is to control the amount of money being issued．

　Cut down on government spending and increase government income．

　Overspending and overexpanding of governments can make inflation worse．Therefore it is helpful to reduce the size of big government bodies, cut down on their spending and pay fewer and smaller subsidis (津贴) to prevent inflation from accelerating (加速)．

　Slow down the increase of salaries．

　It seems that giving bigger salaries to workers helps them manage when prices of their shopping are going up．In fact, as salaries increase, the central bank will have to issue more money to pay for the increase．Thus, increasing salaries may not be so good as it sounds. It' s like cheating．Salaries should only be increased if workers produce more．

　Increase bank interests (利息)．

　Interest increases can make more people put money into banks．At the same time, enterprises (企业) take out fewer loans (贷款)．Demand for money on the whole is lower．

　Keep prices under strict control．

　Prices can be lowered by setting ceilings --- the highest prices --- for most goods and freezing prices on most goods．

(1) The word“issue”in the article means______．　　　

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A．use

B．print

C．quarrel

D．invent

(2) The writer uses“methods”to refer to ______．　　　

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A．ways to reduce inflation

B．reasons of inflation

C．something to treat patients

D．prices without control

(3) What is probably the best way to reduce inflation?　　　

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A．The amount of money being issued will be controlled．

B．Salaries will be reduced．

C．More products will be produced．

D．Prices will be lowered．

(4) What is not mentioned to reduce inflation in the article?　　　

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A．Controlling prices．

B．Controlling the amount of money being issued．

C．Improving people' s living standards．

D．Adjusting (调整) bank interests．

“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise.” said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While here’s no question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you.
　　In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with（设法处理） the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they couldn’t get the job done.
　　Stress that you can manage may also boost immune(免疫的) function. In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects believed they had control over the outcome. In the second, they weren’t in control: They had to sit through a gory(血淋淋的) video on surgical procedures. Those who did go on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that's the body’s first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.
　　Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones（荷尔蒙）. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.
“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on longevity(长寿), “It’s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”
【小题1】The passage is mainly about ________.

A．the benefits of manageable stress

B．how to avoid stressful situations

C．how to cope with stress effectively

D．the effects of stress hormones on memory

【小题2】 The underlined word “shun” (Line 1, Para.1) most probably means________.

A．cut down on

B．stay away from

C．run out of

D．put up with

【小题3】 We can conclude from the study of the 158 nurses in 2001 that ________.

A．people under stress tend to have a poor memory

B．people who can’t get their job done experience more stress

C．doing challenging work may be good for one’s health

D．stress will weaken the body’s defense against germs

【小题4】Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University believes that ________.

A．a person’s memory is determined by the level of hormones in his body

B．stress hormones have lasting positive effects on the brain

C．short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory function

D．a person’s memory improves with continued experience of stress

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　　In 1980 a report was published about what the earth might be like 20 years from then. The report was the result of a three-year study.

　　According to the report, the 1 of the earth in the year 2000 is not a 2 one. The world will be more crowded because the 3 will continue to grow. The population 4 be as large as 6,300 million, almost 2,500 million more than that in 1975. 5 people would move into cities, especially cities in 6 countries. Cities like Cairo and Jakanta 7 would each have 15 million by then. Food production will increase, but not enough to feed all the people. Farmers will grow 90% more food than they did in 1975, but most of the increase would be in countries that 8 produce enough food for their people. 9 increase is grown in South Asia, Africa and European countries. Poor farming ways are 10 large areas of cropland, changing farms into 11 . More farmland is lost 12 cities become larger and houses are built. Air pollution will get worse as industrial countries 13 more coal and oil. Much of the world's 14 could disappear as more and more trees are cut down. Energy will continue to be a 15 problem. The experts hope their picture of the earth for the year 2000 may be 16 . Measures must be taken to change the situation that 17 today. By changing the situation, by settling the problems, the picture can be changed. There is 18 time for the nations of the world to work together on a plan of action. But they 19 that waiting too long to make decisions would greatly 20 the chances of success.

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　　Forests have always been useful and important to man who makes use of them in many ways. Every day trees are serving man everywhere. Trees supply man with fruits and building materials in the form of wood. Without trees it would be impossible to build houses, boats, bridges and so on. Furniture such as desks, chairs and beds is made of wood. Trees can stop man from terrible heat. They're also useful in preventing good and rich top soil from being washed away during heavy rains.

　　If there were no trees, heavy rains would wash away the rich top soil that is so important to plants. The result is that the land will become a desert. There are plenty of desert areas in the world. A long time ago these desert areas used to be very rich areas, but man in the past had no enough knowledge about science of nature, they cut down too many trees in the area where they lived and never planted new ones. By and by the rich top soil was blown and washed away by strong winds and heavy rains. In the end the rich land changed into useless deserts where nothing could grow.

According to the passage, ______.

　　　　A. a long time ago, man didn't know how to make use of wood

　　　　B. trees are not as useful as they were in the past

　　　　C. trees were more found in the past than they are today

　　　　D. people have always found trees useful

　　If there were no trees, ______.

　　　　A. the land would become better　　　　B. heavy rains would be very clean

　　　　C. the rich soil couldn't be kept　　　　 D. there wouldn't be any plants

　From the passage, we know that man must ______.

　　　　A. do nothing to keep the balance（平衡）of nature

　　　　B. take his best to keep the balance of nature

　　　　C. try his best to keep the balance of nature

　　　　D. do his best to stop the balance of nature

　Trees are usefully to us in three important ways:         1. ________

　  they give us wood and another products;                     2. ________

　　they give us shade and they help to stopping droughts and floods. 3. ________

　　However, people in many part of the world                   4. ________

　　have not realized that the third benefit                       5. ________

is the more important. A large number of                     6. ________

　　trees have cut down, but new ones                          7. ________

　　haven't been planted. It is really danger                       8. ________

　　for people. Though we do not try to keep the balance of nature,   9. ________

　　we will lose our live environment.                          10. ________