A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work.

   He may have the belief that he is not capable (有能力的) of it. A child may think he is __1__ because he doesn’t understand how to make the __2__ of his mental faculties (才能). Older people may be mistaken that they are incapable of learning things new because of their __ 3__.

   A person who believe that he is incapable will not make a real __4__ because he feels that it would be useless. He won’t go at a job with confidence necessary for __5__ , and he won’t  work his hardest way, even though he may think he is doing so. He is __6__ likely to fail, and the failure will __7__ his belief in his competence (才能) .

   Alfred Alder, a famous doctor, had __8__ like this. When he was a small boy, he had a poor __9__ in maths. His teacher told his parents he had no ability in maths in order that they would not __10__ too much of him. In this way, they two __11__ the idea. He accepted __12__ mistaken thinking of his ability, felt that it was useless to __13__ and was very poor at maths, __14__ as they expected.

   One day he worked at a problem which __15__ of the other students had been able to solve.

  Alder __16__ in solving the problem. This gave him confidence (信心). He now __17__ with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became especially good at __18__. He not only proved that he could learn maths well, but luckily he learned __19__ in his life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may __20__ himself as well as others by his ability.

1. A. clever                   B. shy                   C. useless                     D. stupid

2. A. biggest                 B. most                 C. highest                     D. deepest

3. A. ability                  B. age                   C. brain                        D. knowledge

4. A. decision                B. success              C. effort                       D. trouble

5. A. work                    B. study                C. improvement            D. success

6. A. truly                        B. really                C. however                   D. therefore

7. A. lead to                 B. strengthen         C. increase                    D. add to

8. A. an experience        B. an example        C. a thought                  D. a story

9. A. state                         B. mind                 C. start                         D. ending

10. A. blame                 B. expect               C. get                           D. win

11. A. developed           B. organized          C. discovered                D. found

12. A. his                     B. her                    C. its                          D. their

13. A. manage               B. succeed             C. try                         D. act

14. A. only                   B. almost               C. just                        D. then

15. A. none                   B. no                    C. no one                    D. nobody

16. A. gave                   B. succeeded          C. failed                            D. believed

17. A. lived                  B. worked             C. played                    D. graduated

18. A. lessons                   B. medicine           C. subjects                  D. maths

19. A. early                  B. deeply               C. late                        D. simply

20. A. encourage           B. love                  C. astonish                  D. disappoint

A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work..

He may have the idea that he is not capable of it. It is easy to get such an idea even though there is no justification for it. A child may think he is stupid because he does not understand how to take the most of his mental faculties, or he may accept another person s mistaken estimate of his ability. Older people may be handicapped by the mistaken belief that they are incapable of learning anything new because of their age.

A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real effort, because he feels that it would be useless. He won’t go at a job with the confidence necessary for success, and he won’t work hardest, even though he may think he is doing so. He is therefore likely to fail, and the failure will strengthen his belief in his incompetence.

Alfred Adler, a famous psychiatrist（精神病医生）, had an experience which illustrates this. When he was a small boy he got off to a poor start in arithmetic. His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic, and told his parents what she thought in order that they would not expect too much of him. In this way, they too developed the idea, "Isn’t it too bad that Alfred can’t do arithmetic?" He accepted their mistaken estimate of his ability, felt that it was useless to try, and was very poor at arithmetic, just as they expected.

One day he became very angry at the teacher and other students because they laughed when he said he saw how to do a problem which none of the other students had been able to solve.

Adler succeeded in solving a problem. This gave him confidence. He rejected the idea that he couldn’t do arithmetic and was determined to show them that he could. His anger and his new found confidence stimulated him to be at arithmetic problems with a new spirit. He now worked with interest, determination, and purpose, and he soon became extraordinarily good at arithmetic. He not only proved that he could do arithmetic, but he learned early in life from his own experience that , if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may astonish himself as well as others by his ability.

This experience made him realize that many people have more ability than they think they have. And that lack of success is as often the result of lack of knowledge of how to apply one’s ability, lack of confidence, and lack of determination as it is the result of lack of ability.

The underlined word “justification” most probably means ________.

       A. reason                             B. rightness                  C. need                 D. demand

What is the main idea of this passage?

       A. The basic principles in doing math problems.

       B. Our idea about ourselves may have a negative influence on our work.

       C. Our ideas do not always have and influence on us.

       D. All actions are caused by impulse.

What does Alfred Adler’s story tell us?

       A. Many people have more ability than they think they have.

       B. Anybody can become a mathematician, if he has determination.

       C. Arithmetic is actually very easy.

       D. Most teachers are wrong when they evaluator their students.

Why did he become angry one day?

       A. Because the teacher and other students laughed at him.

       B. Because they challenged him to do a difficult arithmetic problem.

       C. Because he couldn’t solve the arithmetic problem.

       D. Because he was very poor at arithmetic.

What idea did Alfred’s teacher have?

       A. He was slow in arithmetic.      

B. He should work harder.

       C. He should be transferred to a special school.

       D. He should not tell his parents that he was slow.

A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work. He may have the____36____ that he is not capable of it. A child may think he is stupid because he does not understand how to make the ____37____ of his mental faculties(官能). Older people may be mistaken that they are incapable of ____38_____ anything new because of their age.
A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real ____39_____ , because he feels that it ____40_____ be useless, he won’t go at a job with the confidence necessary for success, and he won’t work his hardest, even though he may____41_____ he is doing so. He is ____42_____ likely to fail, and the failure will ____43____ belief in his incompetence(无能). Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had a (an) ____44_____ like this. When he was a small boy, he had a poor ____45____ in maths. His teacher told his ____46_____ he had no ability in maths in order that they would not ____47____ too much of him.____48_____he too accepted ____49_____ mistaken thinking of his ability, and he felt that it was useless to ____50____, and was very poor at maths, ____51____ as they expected.
One day he worked out a problem which ____52_____ of the other students had been able to solve. Adler succeeded in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He now ____53____ with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became especially good at ____54____. He not only proved that he could learn maths well, but luckily he learned early in his life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may ____55_____ himself as well as others by his ability.

A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work.

He may have the  36  that he is not capable (有能力的) of it. A child may think he is stupid because he does not understand how to make  37  of his mental faculties(官能). Older people may be mistaken that they are incapable of  38  anything new because of their age.

A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real  39 , because he feels that it  40  be useless. He won’t go at a job with the confidence(信心) necessary for success, and he won’t work his hardest, even though he may  41  he is doing so. He is  42  likely to fail, and the failure will  43  his belief in his incompetence(无能).

Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had  44  like this. When he was a small boy, he had a poor  45  in maths. His teacher told his  46  he had no ability in maths in order that they would not  47  too much of him. In this way, they too  48  the idea. He accepted  49  mistaken thinking of his ability, felt that it was useless to  50 , and was very poor at maths,  51  as they expected.

One day he worked out a problem which  52  of the other students had been able to solve.

Adler succeeded in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He now  53  with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became especially good at  54 . He not only proved that he could learn maths well, but luckily he learned early in his life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may  55  himself as well as others by his ability. 36—40 ABBCA   41—45 BDBAC  46—50 DBADC  51—55 CABDA

1.                A．belief          B．way            C．fact  D．condition

2.                A．biggest         B．full            C．higher    D．deepest

3.                A．teaching        B．learning        C．accepting D．using

4.                A．decision        B．success         C．effort    D．trouble

5.                A．would          B．should          C．must D．could

6.                A．forget          B．think           C．guess D．understand

7.                A．truly           B．really          C．however  D．therefore

8.                A．lead to         B．strengthen      C．increase  D．result in

9.                A．an experience   B．an expert       C．a thought D．a story

10.               A．state           B．mind           C．start  D．ending

11.               A．classmates      B．friends         C．neighbours D．parents

12.               A．blame          B．expect         C．get   D．win

13.               A．developed      B．organized       C．discovered D．found

14.               A．a             B．one           C．its    D．the

15.               A．manage        B．succeed        C．try   D．act

16.               A．only           B．almost         C．just   D．then

17.               A．none          B．all             C．many D．most

18.               A．lived           B．worked         C．played    D．graduated

19.               A．lesson         B．medicine       C．subjects   D．maths

20.               A．encourage      B．love           C．astonish   D．disappoint

A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work. He may have the____36____ that he is not capable of it. A child may think he is stupid because he does not understand how to make the ____37____ of his mental faculties(官能). Older people may be mistaken that they are incapable of ____38_____ anything new because of their age.

A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real ____39_____ , because he feels that it ____40_____ be useless, he won’t go at a job with the confidence necessary for success, and he won’t work his hardest, even though he may____41_____ he is doing so. He is ____42_____ likely to fail, and the failure will ____43____ belief in his incompetence(无能). Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had a (an) ____44_____ like this. When he was a small boy, he had a poor ____45____ in maths. His teacher told his ____46_____ he had no ability in maths in order that they would not ____47____ too much of him.____48_____he too accepted ____49_____ mistaken thinking of his ability, and he felt that it was useless to ____50____, and was very poor at maths, ____51____ as they expected.

One day he worked out a problem which ____52_____ of the other students had been able to solve. Adler succeeded in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He now ____53____ with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became especially good at ____54____. He not only proved that he could learn maths well, but luckily he learned early in his life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may ____55_____ himself as well as others by his ability.

1.                A．belief          B．way            C．fact  D．condition

2.                A．biggest         B．most           C．highest   D．deepest

3.                A．teaching        B．learning        C．accepting D．using

4.                A．decision        B．success         C．effort    D．trouble

5.                A．would          B．should          C．must D．could

6.                A．forget          B．think           C．guess D．understand

7.                A．nevertheless    B．moreover       C．however  D．therefore

8.                A．lead to         B．add to          C．take to   D．contribute to

9.                A．experience      B．example        C．thought   D．story

10.               A．state           B．mind           C．start  D．ending

11.               A．classmates      B．friends         C．neighbors  D．parents

12.               A．blame          B．expect         C．get   D．win

13.               A．Virtually        B．Gradually       C．Fortunately D．Especially

14.               A．it             B．her            C．its    D．their

15.               A．manage        B．succeed        C．try   D．act

16.               A．only           B．almost         C．just   D．nearly

17.               A．none          B．all             C．many D．most

18.               A．lived           B．worked         C．played    D．graduated

19.               A．1essons        B．medicine       C．subjects   D．maths

20.               A．encourage      B．love           C．astonish   D．disappoint