(2013·高考四川卷，E)Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.

Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies，compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed.Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.

Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”

The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed.Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don’t see－and guide whether we see fear.”

To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person’s feeling of fear.

“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，”Dr Garfinkel said.

“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced，we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders，and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”

1.What is the finding of the study?

A．One’s heart affects how he feels fear.

B．Fear is a result of one’s relaxed heartbeat.

C．Fear has something to do with one’s health.

D．One’s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.

2.The study was carried out by analyzing________.

? A．volunteers’ heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures

? B．the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions

? C．volunteers’ reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans

? D．different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart?brain communication

3.Which of the following is closest in meaning to“mechanism” in Paragraph 6?

A．Order. B．System.

C．Machine. D．Treatment.

4.This study may contribute to________.

? A．treating anxiety and stress better

? B．explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety

? C．finding the key to the heart?brain communication

? D．understanding different fears in our hearts and heads

(2013·高考四川卷，B)On a sunny day last August，Tim heard some shouting.Looking out to the sea carefully，he saw a couple of kids in a rowboat were being pulled out to sea.

Two 12?year?old boys，Christian and Jack，rowed out a boat to search for a football.Once they’d rowed beyond the calm waters，a beach umbrella tied to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water.The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore.But they were no match for it and the boat was out of control.

Tim knew it would soon be swallowed by the waves.

“Everything went quiet in my head，”Tim recalls(回忆)．“I was trying to figure out how to swim to the boys in a straight line.”

Tim took off his clothes and jumped into the water.Every 500 yards or so，he raised his head to judge his progress.“At one point，I considered turning back，” he says.“I wondered if I was putting my life at risk.”After 30 minutes of struggling，he was close enough to yell to the boys，“Take down the umbrella！”

Christian made much effort to take down the umbrella.Then Tim was able to catch up and climb aboard the boat.He took over rowing，but the waves were almost too strong for him.

“Let’s aim for the pier(码头)，”Jack said.Tim turned the boat toward it.Soon afterward，waves crashed over the boat，and it began to sink.“Can you guys swim？”he cried.“A little bit，”the boys said.

Once they were in the water，Tim decided it would be safer and faster for him to pull the boys toward the pier.Christian and Jack were wearing life jackets and floated on their backs.Tim swam toward land as water washed over the boys’faces.

“Are we almost there？”they asked again and again.“Yes，”Tim told them each time.

After 30 minutes，they reached the pier.

1.Why did the two boys go to the sea?

A．To go boat rowing.

B．To get back their football.

C．To swim in the open water.

D．To test the umbrella as a sail.

2.What does “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．The beach. B．The water.

C．The boat. D．The wind.

3.Why did Tim raise his head regularly?

A．To take in enough fresh air.

B．To consider turning back or not.

C．To check his distance from the boys.

D．To ask the boys to take down the umbrella.

4.How did the two boys finally reach the pier?

A．They were dragged to the pier by Tim.

B．They swam to the pier all by themselves.

C．They were washed to the pier by the waves.

D．They were carried to the pier by Tim on his back.

(2013·高考四川卷)“Look，it’s Baldy！”A boy shouted in my direction across the playground.Even though I was used to regular insults(侮辱) because of the___on my head，it was___horrible to hear.I sighed as I headed back to the class.

When I was just 20 months old，I suffered serious____after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head.I was____to hospital and had to stay there for weeks while the doctors____to save my life.“Holly’s very____to be alive，”they told Mum and Dad.“But she’ll be___with scars on her head，and of course her hair won’t grow there.”

As a child，I cared much about my scars，so I____wore a scarf to cover them up when I left home.____I didn’t，people would call me horrible names like Baldy.Although my friends were always comforting me，they never____understood how it felt.

Then through the hospital I was____to a children’s burns camp，where children like me can get any help.There，I____14?year?old Stephanie，whose burns are a lot more serious than mine.But she is so____that she never lets anyone put her down.“You shouldn’t____what people say about what you look like because we’re not different from anyone else，Holly，”she____me.“And you don’t need to wear a scarf because you look great____it！” For the first time in my life I could speak to someone who’d been through something____.So weeks later，at my 13th birthday party，____by her bravery，I gave up my scarf and showed off my scars.It felt amazing not having to____away behind my scarf.

Now，I am____of what I look like and much happier，because I have realized it is your personality(个性)that decides who you truly are.

1.A.hat? B．scarf

C．scars? D．cuts

2.A.still? B．just

C．never? D．seldom

3.A.hunger? B．cold

C．defeats? D．burns

4.A.rushed? B．led

C．invited? D．forced

5.A.learned? B．fought

C．returned? D．decided

6.A.happy? B．lucky

C．lonely? D．poor

7.A.pressed? B．occupied

C．left? D．painted

8.A.possibly? B．usually

C．finally? D．nearly

9.A.Although? B．Since

C．If? D．Before

10.A.correctly? B．roughly

C．easily? D．really

11.A.promoted? B．introduced

C．reported? D．carried

12.A.met? B．recognized

C．remembered? D．caught

13.A.honest? B．strong

C．active? D．young

14.A.write down? B．agree with

C．pass on? D．listen to

15.A.promised? B．encouraged

C．ordered? D．calmed

16.A.in? B．for

C．without? D．beyond

17.A.similar? B．strange

C．hard? D．important

18.A.allowed? B．required

C．guided? D．inspired

19.A.hide? B．give

C．keep? D．put

20.A.sick? B．aware

C．tired? D．proud

（2011·四川卷）完形填空

I truly feel that my mother led me here,to Morzaine,and to my future as happy wife and bussinesswoman.When Mum   21  in October 2007,I was cook.. In December that year.while Iwas working for a wedding,apearl neeklace Mum had left me      22      .I was distraught（忧心如焚的）.Some days later,I was     23      that a guy who was working with us that day。“could prnhably have made a fortune     24    the neeklace he found.”  25     .he returnde it.Hearing he I’d     26    Mum for six months before her death,he said,”Christmas is going to be  27  —why not go out to the Alps for a couple of

I come to M? ,a small ,friendly village in the Alps and___28_ fell in love with it .What was __29__to be a stopgap (权宜之计) trip turned into a new life .I kept travelling between London and here and felt _30__than I had in months .In December 2008 , I was __31_as a hotel manager and moved here full time .

A month later, I met Paul, who was traveling here. We fell in love. In the beginning , I didn’t want to discuss___32__, because the sadness of losing Mum__33__felt great. Paul understood that and sever___34__me. But, by summer, we got married. A year later, we used his saving, and the money from the sale of Mom’s house, to build our own ___35__.

We want to give our guests a ___36__ feel, so each room is themed(以……为题) around memories from our lives. There are also style to remind me of Mom ---- a tiny chair which ___37___ be in her bedroom is set in one room.

We are having a wonderful life Mum ___38___ naturally part of it, _39___ there’s no way we would be here. If it wasn’t for the __40__ she gave me. I know she’s here in spirit, keeping an eye on us .

21.A.died      B. came            C. returned          D.visited

22.A. burned   B. disappeared     C . broke            D. dropped

23.A.shown     B.comforted        C.persuaded          D.told

24.A.          B.stealing         C.selling            D.wearing

25.A.Luckly    B. Naturally       C.Surely             D.Hopefully

26.A.nursed    B. cured           C.missed             D.guarded

27.A.long           B. hard        C. merry            D.free

28.A. suddenly      B.finally      C. nearly           D.immediately

29.A.said           B.proved       C. supposed         D.judged

30.A.smarter        B.higher       C.firuer            D.lighter

31.A.phonnured      B.hired        C.regarded          D.trained

32.A. travel        B.business     C. children         D.marriner

33.A.recently       B.once         C.still             D.first

34.A.left           B.pushed       C.surprised         D.interrupted

35.A.hotel          B.restaurant   C.home              D.shop

36.A.homely         B.lively       C.motherly          D.friendly

37.A.ought to       B.used to      C.might             D.could

38.A. takes         B.keeps        C.looks             D.feels

39.A.unless         B.while        C.because           D.though

40.A.               B.chair        C.house             D.neeklace

（2011·四川卷）E

In business, there’s a speed difference: It's the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy（策略）and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Companies fearful or losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.

In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines ,averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating  incomes over a three-years period.

How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better ? They thought differently about what “slower “and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly ) and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example , may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference . But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.

In our study, high performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary . They became more open to idea and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look and learn. By contrast (相比而言). Performance suffered at firms that moved falt all the among their employer , and had little time thinking about changes.

Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership . Teams that regularly take time to get things right , rather than plough ahead full bore , are more successful in meeting their business goals . That kind of strategy must come from the top.

57 . What does the underlined part “gain an edge ” in Paragraph 2 mean ?

   A. Increase the speed.    B. Get an advantage.

   C. Reach the limit.       D. Set a goal

58. The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ___________.

   A. spending more time and performing worse.

   B. spending more time and performing better

   C. spending less time and performing worse

   D. spending less time and performing better

59. What can we learn from the text?

   A. how fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.

   B. how competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.

   C. Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.

   D. Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.

60. Where could be the last title for the text?

   A. Improve quality? Serve better.

   B. Deliver value? Plough ahead.

   C. Reduce time? Move faster.

   D. Need speed? Slow down.