篇章结构

阅读下面的文章，请将标有A～F的段落插入文章中标号为(1)～(5)的合适位置，使这篇文章意义完整，结构连贯(其中有一个段落是多余的)．

　　Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take the fact of friendship for granted, we often don't clearly understand how we make friends．While we get on well with a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very few－for example, the average among students is about 6 per person．

　　　　(1)　　

　　At the beginning, much depends on how people meet, and on good first impressions．

　　　　(2)　　

　　We pay attention to actual behavior, facial expression, and the way a person speaks．Friends will stand closer together and will spend more time looking at each other than ordinary acquaintances．Smiles and soft voices also express friendliness, and it is because they may give the wrong signals that shy people often have difficulty in making friends．　　(3)　　

　　Some relationships are a result of argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have the same ideas and beliefs and the same opinions and interests－they often talk about“being on the same wavelength”．The more closely involved people become, the more they depend on one another．They want to do friends favors and hate to let them down．　　(4)　　

　　In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the relationship between two people．　　(5)　　

A．Moreover, a great many relationships come under the general term“friendship”．In all cases, two people like each other and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of closeness between them and reasons for their interest in each other vary greatly．

B．Equally, friends have to learn to make allowances for each other, to put up with annoying habits, and to accept differences in opinion．Imagine going on a long trip with some one you occasionally meet for a drink!

C．As we get to know people, we consider things like age, race, looks, economic and social status, and intelligence．Although these factors are not of the greatest importance, it is more difficult to have a good relationship with people when there is a big difference in age and background．

D．The sharing of close secrets, including our fears as well as our dark dreams, is the surest way to deepen friendships．But the process must be gone through slowly and continued only if there are signs of interest and our efforts are answered．

E．A friendly look with the wrong facial expression can turn into an unfriendly stare, and nervousness maybe wrongly understood as unfriendliness．People who do not look one in the eye are not trusted when, in fact, they simply do not have confidence．

F．But the mutual support and understanding that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a close and lasting relationship, which can overcome differences in background, and break down barriers of age, class or race．

阅读下面的一封信，掌握其大意，然后从A到G七个选项中，选择最佳选项插入文中，使这封信意义完整，结构连贯。其中有一个选项是多余的。

Dear Sara,

　　Your problem that you are not good at making friends is like a ring．The harder you study, the less time you have to make friends and the less friendly you look to our classmates．The fewer friends you have, the harder you study to make yourself feel better．

　　　　1　　Actually, you are not．Everyone has a fun side to his character．Push your shy side away and show your classmates how fun you can be．　　2　　

　　Look at your classmates．Are there any people with whom you feel you have a lot in common ?

First, smile at your classmates．Do this as often as you can, until your classmates become used to your smiles and smile in return．　　3　　．

　　Perhaps you could ask a classmates about your studies．　　4　　

　　There must be someone else in your class who is also quiet．It might be easier to try to talk with him or her．　　5　　Once you have more confidence, you can make as many friends as you want．

A．Next, talk to your classmates．Do this between classes or during your lunch break．Make sure that they are not busy．You may find it easier to start by talking to people when they are alone, instead of in a group．

B．Try to break this sad circle．Perhaps you are afraid of meeting new people, because you are too shy too serious．

C．When the queen finishes her food, everybody finishes, and it is time for the next course．

D．It is all right to do this slowly．It takes time to get to know a person and find someone with whom you really get along．

E．They are likely to respond in a very positive way．People like to feel important and useful．

F．Your problem is mainly about confidence．Smile first, talk next and slowly you will make friends．

G．You need some friends to be with you．

Passage structure(篇章结构)

下面是一篇杂志文章，请将标有A－F的段落插入文章中标号为1－5的合适位置，使这篇文章意义完整，结构连贯；其中有一个段落是多余的。

　　Every year more and more plants and animals disappear never to be seen again．

　　1．________

　　Every day, thousands of species(种类)of animals draw closer to extinction(灭绝)．There are countless numbers of species which may become extinct before they are even discovered．

　　2．________

　　The problem is acid(酸)rain．Acid rain is a kind of air pollution．

　　3．________

　　The rain in many places isn’t natural and clean any more．It’s full of acid chemicals．

　　4．________

　　But dead fish may be just the beginning of the problem．Scientists are finding other effects of acid rain．

　　5．________

　　Now scientists are also beginning to study the effects of acid rain on larger animals．For example, they believe that some deer in Poland are less healthy because of acid rain．If deer are hurt by the rain, what about people?This is the question many people are beginning to ask．No one knows the answer yet．But it is an important question for us all．

A．Seldom does it rain and there is little fresh water here for the fish．A series of development projects has destroyed the natural environment．Waste of different kinds can be seen here and there．This has caused a serious problem for fish and other animals living around．

B．In some large areas trees are dying．Not just one tree here and there, but the whole forests．At first scientists couldn’t understand why．There were no bugs(虫)or diseases in these trees．The weather was not dry．But now they think that the rain was the cause．Acid rain is making the earth more acidic in these areas．Some kinds of trees cannot live in the soil that is very acidic．

C．When it falls in lakes, it changes them too．The lakes become more acidic．Acid water is like vinegar(醋)or lemon juice．It hurts when it gets in your eyes．It also kills the plants and animals that usually live in lake water．That is why the fish are dying in lakes．

D．It is caused by factories that burn coal or oil or gas．These factories send smoke into the air．The wind often carries the smoke far from the factories．Some of the harmful substances(物质)in the smoke may come down with the rain hundreds of miles away．

E．Strangely, it is the most intelligent(聪明的)but most thoughtless animal that is causing most of the problems－man．Nature is very carefully balanced(平衡的)and if this balance is disturbed(破坏)，animals can disappear surprisingly fast．

F．In many lakes the fish are dying．Fishermen are worried because every year there are fewer fish and some lakes have no fish at all．Scientists are beginning to get worried too．What is killing the fish?

篇章结构　下面是杂志文章，请将标有A－F的段落插入文章中标号为1－5的合适位置，使这篇文章意义完整，结构连贯，其中一个是多余的。

　　1　　．Stock(股票) markets in Paris, London, Tokyo, Shanghai and New York are among the largest and most well-known．The stock market, also called stock exchange, is a place where people can buy or sell shares of a factory or a company．　　2　　

Different people go to stock markets．Some are rich, who want to get more money than they have．Others are not very rich, who buy stocks and try to become rich．　　3　　

Of course, investing money in the stock markets is not the safest way to make money．No one can tell exactly whether the shares will be doing well．The factory or company may do badly．Then the stocks will go down and investors will lose money．The stock may go up or down for a number of untold reasons 　　4　　

　　5　　 All are eager to make money by”gambling”in the stock market．Factories and companies that need money are pleased that so many people are willing to”gamble”．Indeed, the stock market is an attractive part of the business world．

A．No wonder going to the stock market is often compared to gambling．

B．Still others buy stocks as part of their plan to save money．

C．Everyone wants the stock to go up, but sometimes even if a factory or company does a good job, the stock may still go down．

D．Everyone can make much money in the Stock markets．

E．And each share means certain ownership of a factory or a company．

F．There are stock markets in large cities in many countries．