A young man named Charles Lyell had different ideas .He wrote a book about them called Principles of Geology .The earth ,according to Lyell ,was not only thousands of years old ,it was millions of years old .As to（关于）the common belief that changes in the earth's surface happen suddenly because of a single earthquake or flood ,he said that this might happen once in a while ,but usually these changes took place very slowly .He believed that the surface of the earth had been changing from the beginning of time .The changes ,he said ,were caused by the long-term action of the winds and seas ,and by forces such as volcanoes breaking out under the earth's surface .Once in a great while he thought ,a mountain might appear for the first time after an earthquake .But usually mountains would rise slowly and steadily.? Professor Henslow was interested in Lyell's ideas ,but he did not actually believe them .Charles Darwin could not make up his mind about them .But they set him thinking along lines which would later change the beliefs of thoughtful people all over the world.?

At Cambridge ,Charles Darwin studied just enough to pass the examination ,and received his college degree in 1831.During this time ,he had become more and more interested in geology .At the end of the school year ,he went to North Wales with one of his teachers to examine the rock formations（构成） and to search for fossils（化石）.Fossils are the remains of ancient living things .They are usually found fixed in rocks in the earth's crust（地壳）.Fossils may be of animals ,such as fish ,insects ,birds ,or humans .They may be of plants from tiny leaves to huge trees.? When a living creature dies ,it usually decays（腐烂）or is eaten by animals .However ,if it sinks into a riverbed or is quickly covered by the blowing sands of a desert storm ,the bones are kept up in the earth. Over many years the soft inner parts of a bone disappear ,leaving the inside hollow. Water containing mineral enters into the hollow. Slowly the mineral hardens and makes the bone hard and heavy,like stone.

1.According to Charles Lyell, it is mainly _______ that the earth has been formed like today's shape.?

A.from the beginning of time

B.past some experiences of big flood?

C.over a very long period of years

D.because of several big earthquakes

2.Charles Lyell believed the fact that a mountain is formed_______.?

A.more by seas than by volcanoes

B.more slowly than suddenly?

C.more by an earthquake than by winds

D.more steadily than quickly?

3.Unlike Professor Henslow ,Charles Darwin_______.?

A.never thought Lyell's ideas were right?

B.did made up his mind not to accept Lyell's ideas?

C.thought about what the world were then thinking about?

D.thought over Lyell's ideas and developed them?

4.The main purpose of Darwin's going to North Wales was to_______.?

A.make a study of fossils

B.appreciate the rock information?

C.do research work into dead animals

D.look for plants from tiny leaves to huge trees

 

   As in all cultures, there are many rules of etiquette (礼节)surrounding food and eating, and nowhere is this more pronounced than when eating in a smart restaurant. People are almost always expected to eat with a knife and fork and these should be held in the correct hand and used in the correct way. It is also impolite to have your elbows on the dining table when you are eating.

There’re many such “unspoken” rules — they are normally only important when eating in a very elegant and expensive restaurant, and vary slightly from restaurant to restaurant and place to place. A recent nationwide survey showed that there was a divide in manners between the north and south of Britain — the “worst” manners were in Scotland and the northeast, and the “best” in Wales and the southeast! However, this survey was almost certainly conducted by someone in the southeast, so it may not be entirely fair.

Naturally, restaurants vary greatly in quality and price. However, almost all British cities have a vast range of food and cooking styles to choose from as well as traditional British food,. from the very cheap to the very expensive — French, Italian, Indian, Greek, Thai, Japanese and many more. In fact, when asked what their favorite food is, many British people say an Indian curry (咖喱菜）rather than any other dish!

As well as dining in a restaurant, when people are too tired to cook after work they often get a “takeaway”. This means they order from a takeaway or takeout restaurant by phone, then go to collect it and take it home to eat. Many takeout restaurants also deliver to your house. While you can normally find a takeout restaurant for almost any cuisine, the most popular are Italian, Indian and Chinese — and all you have to do is to open the door, pay and eat!

64.   What can be concluded from the first two paragraphs?

A. The British spend more eating out than cooking at home.

B. The British pay great attention to eating in a restaurant.

C. The British often dine out when celebrating festivals.

D. People tend to eat in a restaurant after watching a movie.

65. The underlined word “pronounced” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_____”.

A. polite  B. expensive   C. strange       D. obvious

66. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A. There exist great differences of rules in different restaurants.

B. People from Wales and southeast Britain are the most polite.

C. Your order in a takeout restaurant can be sent to your home.

D. Traditional British food is seldom served in British restaurants.

67. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. Restaurant culture in Britain.     B. Table manners in Britain.

C. Different restaurants in Britain. D. Traditional and foreign foods in Britain.

Dear all,

    Please read Professor Hume’s email about his next lecture on Rosa Parks.

Susan Miller

Secretary

＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊

Dear Susan，

Please forward this message to students of my history class.

Besides the life story of Rosa Parks in the textbook，the students are also required to read the passage below and some related stories that can be borrowed from the school library.

Ted Hume

    The early experiences of Rosa Parks（1913-2005），long known as the “mother of the civil rights movement.” were not different from those of many African-Americans at that time. The black woman，however，turned the course of American history in December 1955 when she refused to give up her scat on a bus to a white man. “By sitting down.” remarked John Lewis，“she was standing up for all Americans.”

    Among the numerous awards Parks received in her life were the Presidential Medal of Freedom（1996）and the Congressional Gold Medal(1999).

    Parks died on Oct.24，2005，At St. Paul A，M，E，Church in Montgomery，a large crowd including Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice celebrated her life. Rice said she and others，who grew up when the political activities of Parks held public attention. might not have realized her impact(影响)on their lives，“but I can honestly say that without Mrs. Parks，I probably would not be standing here as Secretary of State.”

    After her casket（灵柩）was placed at the Capitol. U.S. President Bush，members of Congress and ordinary Americans paid their respects. In American history Parks is the first woman to lie in state at the Capitol，a very high regard usually reserved for Presidents of the United States.

63. What is the main purpose of Susan’s email？

A. To make arrangements for Professor Hume’s class.

B. To introduce to the students Rosa Parks.

C. To help the students organize a lecture.                  D. To answer Professor Hume’s last email.

64. What does the underlined word “forward” mean？

A. Explain.            B. Send.            C. Take.              D. Read.

65. The political impact of lose Parks lies in the fact that she ___________.

A. helped Condoleezza Rice achieve political success

B. joined the civil rights movement at a young age

C. made racial equality a common value in American society

D. set a good example in her early life for other black Americans

66. How was Rosa Parks treated after her death？

A. She was named “mother of the civil rights movement.”

B. She was received by President Bush at the Capitol.

C. She was given the President Medal of Freedom.

D. She was honored to lie in state at the Capitol.

After finishing shopping in the supermarket, I and my wife Julie stood in the shortest line.

There was only one guy in it, but he was in a   31  and there seemed to be some trouble going on.

Well, I and my wife Julie stepped in behind him. At first, he seemed to be having 32 getting his groceries onto the conveyor belt. But after a while, I realized that what he was actually doing was  33  them into two parts. I offered to help, but he and the checkout lady had it  34  He asked Julie if she would mind   35  his empty basket away. Then he   36  for his wallet which was in a pocket on one side of his wheelchair. The way he was positioned and the fact that he had only one   37  arm made this quite a stretch for him, so I helped there.

What must it be like, I wondered, to be so  38   on other people like that.9 The checkout operator came around and gave him his   39  and the items he needed. She   40  one bag of groceries over a handle at the back of his chair. I   41  to get the. bigger bag and he said, "No. 42 you could do me a favor. Take that part along to the entrance and give it to Angela. " I dutifully did that,   43  Julie with our shopping. It  44  that Angela was collecting food for people who might otherwise go hpngry!

This guy, despite the  45 that his physical condition imposed on him, had   46  more than twice as much shopping as he needed and   47  the bigger bag to help other people! He didn't let the fact that he needed help  48  him from being a help. He may have been limited  49  , bat his heart was more than capable of  50  all that. And it changed my idea of dependenee.

1.                A．comer         B．queue          C．wheelchair    D．lift

 

2.                A．mercy          B．interest         C．confidence    D．difficulty

 

3.                A．separating      B．breaking        C．cutting   D．placing

 

4.                A．under order     B．under control    C．under discussion    D．under repair

 

5.                A．putting         B．getting         C．casting   D．rolling

 

6.                A．hunted         B．reached        C．looked   D．sought

 

7.                A．comfortable     B．clumsy          C．disabled  D．usable

 

8.                A．kind           B．strict           C．dependent    D．considerate

 

9.                A．change         B．basket          C．bag  D．food

 

10.               A．presented      B．handed         C．hung D．pulled

 

11.               A．preferred       B．used           C．decided   D．offered

 

12.               A．So            B．But            C．For   D．Thus

 

13.               A．exchanging      B．leaving         C．charging   D．associating

 

14.               A．turned out      B．came out       C．burst out  D．gave out

 

15.               A．manners        B．chances        C．limitations D．fates

 

16.               A．collected       B．reserved       C．donated   D．bought

 

17.               A．thrown away    B．givenaway      C．left out    D．sent out

 

18.               A．save           B．protect         C．stop  D．shelter

 

19.               A．physically       B．economically    C．originally  D．mentally

 

20.               A．accomplishing   B．overlooking     C．valuing    D．overcoming

 

 

Dear all,

       Please read Professor Hume's email about his next lecture on Rosa Parks．

       Susan Miller

       Secretary

＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊

Dear Susan,

       Please forward this message to students of my history class．

       Besides the life story of Rosa Parks in the textbook, the students are also required to read the passage below and some related stories that can be borrowed from the school library．

       Ted Hume

       The early experiences of Rosa Parks（1913-2005）, long known as the “mother of the civil rights movement, ”were not different from those of many African-Americans at that time．The black woman, however, turned the course of American history in December 1955 when she refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man．“By sitting down, ”remarked John Lewis, “she was standing up for all Americans．”

       Among the numerous awards Parks received in her life were the Presidential Medal of Freedom（1996）and the Congressional Gold Medal（1999）．

       Parks died on Oct．24, 2005．At St．Paul                                A．M．E．Church in Montgomery, a large crowd including Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice celebrated her life．Rice said she and others, who grew up when the political activities of Parks held public attention, might not have realized her impact（影响）on their lives, “but I can honestly say that without Mrs．Parks, I probably would not be standing here as Secretary of State．”

       After her casket（灵柩）was placed at the Capitol, U．S．President Bush, members of Congress and ordinary Americans paid their respects．In American history Parks is the first woman to lie in state at the Capitol, a very high regard usually reserved for Presidents of the United States．

1．What is the main purpose of Susan’s email?

       A．To make arrangements for Professor Hume's class．

       B．To introduce to the students Rosa Parks．

       C．To help the students organize a lecture．

       D．To answer Professor Hume's last email．

2．What does the underlined word “forward” mean?

       A．Explain．            B．Send．                C．Take．                D．Read．

3．The political impact of Rosa Parks lies in the fact that she ．

       A．helped Condoleezza Rice achieve political success

       B．joined the civil rights movement at a young age

       C．made racial equality a common value in American society

       D．set a good example in her early life for other black Americans

4．How was Rosa Parks treated after her death?

       A．She was named “mother of the civil rights movement．”

       B．She was received by President Bush at the Capitol．

       C．She was given the Presidential Medal of Freedom．

       D．She was honored to lie in state at the Capitol．