A new study says one part of the human brain may become smaller as the result of a condition known as jet lag. Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane. People with jet lag feel extremely tired for several days. They may also have problems in thinking clearly and remembering.

Recently a researcher at the University of Bristol in Britain reported the findings of his jet lag study, which involved twenty women who worked for international airlines. They had served passengers on airplanes for five years. These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones. In the study, the flight attendants had different amounts of time to recover from jet lag. Half the women spent five days or fewer in their home areas between long flights. The other half spent more than fourteen days in their home areas.

The researcher took some saliva from the women’s mouths to measure levels of a hormone  (荷尔蒙 ) that increases during stress . He tested them to see if they could remember where black spots appeared on a computer screen .And he took pictures of their brains to measure the size of the brain’s temporal lobes. (脑叶).

It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen. The same group performed worse and had slower reaction times on the visual memory test. And their saliva samples showed higher levels of stress hormones.

The researcher believes the brain needs at least ten days to recover after a long trip. He says airline workers told him their ability to remember got worse after working on planes for about four years. Other studies have shown that increased feelings of stress can cause a loss of cells in the part of the brain that controls memory.

Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain. They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently affect memory.

47．According to the text, jet lag _____.

A. can cause difficulties in speaking  

B. can make people feel tired for a few weeks

C. can be only found in flight attendants

D. can be caused by flying over several time zones

48．It can be inferred from the text that ______.

A. the conclusion is refused by many scientists

B. scientists fear that this research is not done properly

C. every scientific conclusion needs the support from many tests

D. the women who were examined in the research were not healthy

49．From the result of the research we can see that _____.

A. the women who have longer rest at home perform better on the test.

B. the women who fly in short time have smaller right temporal lobes

C. the women who have longer flights fail the memory test

D. the women who rest more than 14 days produce more hormones

50．What is the subject discussed in the test?

A. The cause of jet lag.

B. A story of a group of flight attendants.

C. The importance of having enough rest after flights.

D. A research about the effects of jet lag on the brain.

三．完形填空　（２０分）
How often do you change your hairstyle or ask for new dresses? You may be   31  to follow trends（潮流）in Western countries, but young people in the United States don’t care as much about
32  as you do.
A recent survey(调查) among high school   33  in China, Japan, South Korea and the US found that   34   teenagers care more about their appearance than young people in the US.
This survey was held in 156 high schools in the four countries. More than 7,000 teenagers were
35  about their views on life and the world. South Koreans, at 83 per cent, cared most about their looks. They were   36   by the Chinese and Japanese, while US students showed the least interest in fashion at only 33 per cent.
“The different results show  37   of cultural background（背景）,” said Sun Yunxiao from the China Youth and Children Research Centre. He explained that in the US there are many different 38  of beauty, so teens are more   39  to be confident about their appearance.
US teenagers’ high self-confidence is displayed（展示） in the   40 . About 85 per cent are happy with themselves. The percentage of self-confident Chinese students stands at only 30 per cent.
What’s   41 , US students showed more individuality（个性）, with 88 per cent   42   that “people should follow their own interests rather than   43  of others”. This is much   44  than South Korea’s 69 per cent, China’s 49 and Japan’s 48.
Japanese students, at 52 per cent, are most dissatisfied with modern society. Chinese and Koreans follow at second and  45  most dissatisfied.
“ 46  to the survey, Chinese students are happy and disciplined (有纪律的). They have a strong wish to make a difference.  47  Chinese students need to be more independent and learn how to relax,” said Sun.
The students have different  48   backgrounds. But home and places where friends gather are the favorite places all teens seek happiness.
Exams and worries about life after graduation cause much 49  among most of the teens
50  for the survey.
31. A. absorbed            B. willing                 C. careless            D. unhappy
32. A. hairstyle                  B. dresses                    C. fashion                 D. culture
33. A. teachers           B. students           C. citizens                 D. colleagues
34. A. Asian                      B. American           C. African            D. Western
35. A. answered            B. requested           C. persuaded          D. questioned
36. A. followed            B. decreased            C. reduced           D. compared
37. A. relations             B. barriers           C. customs          D. differences
38. A. awareness           B. Standards         C. Consciences         D. expenses
39. A. admirable           B. confused           C. likely             D. unbelievable
40. A. survey               B. setting             C. reference            D. paper
41. A. worse               B. better              C. less                       D. more
42. A. disagreeing          B. observing           C. agreeing          D. puzzling
43. A. those               B. that                C. it                D. One
44. A. lower              B. larger              C. smaller           D. higher
45. A. first                B. third               C. fourth                   D. last
46. A. leading              B. devoting            C. Appealing           D. According
47. A. But                 B. And               C. So               D. Or
48. A. political            B. cultural            C. Economical         D. commercial
49. A. expectation         B. hesitation          C. Concern           D. Ambition
50. A. interviewed         B. advised            C. Overlooked         D. invested

三．完形填空　

 How often do you change your hairstyle or ask for new dresses? You may be   31  to follow trends（潮流）in Western countries, but young people in the United States don’t care as much about

  32  as you do.

A recent survey(调查) among high school   33  in China, Japan, South Korea and the US found that   34   teenagers care more about their appearance than young people in the US.

This survey was held in 156 high schools in the four countries. More than 7,000 teenagers were

  35  about their views on life and the world. South Koreans, at 83 per cent, cared most about their looks. They were   36   by the Chinese and Japanese, while US students showed the least interest in fashion at only 33 per cent.

“The different results show   37   of cultural background（背景）,” said Sun Yunxiao from the China Youth and Children Research Centre. He explained that in the US there are many different  38  of beauty, so teens are more   39  to be confident about their appearance.

US teenagers’ high self-confidence is displayed（展示） in the   40 . About 85 per cent are happy with themselves. The percentage of self-confident Chinese students stands at only 30 per cent.

What’s   41 , US students showed more individuality（个性）, with 88 per cent   42   that “people should follow their own interests rather than   43  of others”. This is much   44  than South Korea’s 69 per cent, China’s 49 and Japan’s 48.

Japanese students, at 52 per cent, are most dissatisfied with modern society. Chinese and Koreans follow at second and   45  most dissatisfied.

“  46  to the survey, Chinese students are happy and disciplined (有纪律的). They have a strong wish to make a difference.   47  Chinese students need to be more independent and learn how to relax,” said Sun.

The students have different   48   backgrounds. But home and places where friends gather are the favorite places all teens seek happiness.

Exams and worries about life after graduation cause much  49  among most of the teens

  50  for the survey.

31. A. absorbed             B. willing                   C. careless             D. unhappy

32. A. hairstyle                   B. dresses                    C. fashion                  D. culture

33. A. teachers            B. students            C. citizens                  D. colleagues

34. A. Asian                       B. American            C. African             D. Western

35. A. answered             B. requested            C. persuaded           D. questioned

36. A. followed             B. decreased             C. reduced            D. compared

37. A. relations              B. barriers            C. customs          D. differences

38. A. awareness            B. Standards          C. Consciences         D. expenses

39. A. admirable            B. confused            C. likely              D. unbelievable

40. A. survey                B. setting              C. reference            D. paper

41. A. worse                B. better               C. less                        D. more

42. A. disagreeing           B. observing            C. agreeing          D. puzzling

43. A. those                B. that                 C. it                D. One

44. A. lower               B. larger               C. smaller           D. higher

45. A. first                 B. third                C. fourth                    D. last

46. A. leading               B. devoting             C. Appealing            D. According

47. A. But                  B. And                C. So               D. Or

48. A. political             B. cultural             C. Economical         D. commercial

49. A. expectation          B. hesitation           C. Concern             D. Ambition

50. A. interviewed         B. advised             C. Overlooked           D. invested

When you want to go shopping, you’d better decide how much money you can spend on new clothes.

Think about the kind of clothes you really need. Then look for those clothes you really need. Then look for those clothes on sale.

There are labels(标签) inside all new clothes. The labels tell you how to take care of your clothes. The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. A sweater label may tell you to wash in cold water. The label on a coat may say “dry clean only”, for washing may ruin this coat. If you do as the directions(说明) on the label, you can keep your clothes looking their best for a long time.

Many clothes today must be dry cleaned. Dry cleaning is expensive. When buying new clothes, check to see if they will need to be dry cleaned. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.

You can save money if you buy clothes that are well done. Well-made clothes last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Clothes that cost more money are not necessarily(不一定) better made. They do not always fit better. Sometimes less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.

The label inside the clothes tell you            ．

       A. how to keep them looking their best.

       B. how to save money.

     C. whether they fit you or not.

     D. where to get them dry cleaned.

If you want to save money, you had better buy clothes that__________.

A. don’t fit you                   B. don’t last long

     C. need to be dry cleaned           D. can be wash

We learn from the passage that cheaper clothes          ．

     A. are always worse made

     B. must be dry cleaned

     C. can not be washed

     D. can sometimes fit you better

Give the best title(标题)for this passage．

A. Buy Less Expensive Clothes   

B. Taking Enough Money When Shopping

C. Being a Clever Clothes Shopper            

D. Choosing the Label inside New Clothes

When you want to go shopping, decide how much money you can spend on new clothes, Think about the kind of clothes you really need. Then look for those clothes you really need. Then look for those clothes on sale.

　　　 There are labels(标签) inside all new clothes. The labels tell you how to take care of your clothes. The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. A sweater label may tell you to wash in cold water. The label on a coat may say “dry clean only”, for washing may ruin this coat. If you do as the directions(说明)on the label, you can keep your clothes looking their best for a long time.

　　　 Many clothes today must be dry cleaned. Dry cleaning is expensive. When buying new clothes, check to see if they will need to be dry cleaned. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.

　　　 You can save money if you buy clothes that are well-made. Well-made clothes last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Clothes that cost more money are not necessarily better made. They do not always fit better. Sometimes less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.

36．If you want to save money, you had better buy clothes that 　　　 .

A. don’t fit you B. don’t last long　　　　　

C. need to be dry cleaned　　　　　　　　　 D. can be washed

37．The labels inside the clothes tell you 　　　 .

A. how to keep the clothes looking their best

B. how to save money

C. whether the clothes fit you or not

D. where to get the clothes dry cleaned

38．We learn from the passage that cheaper clothes 　　　 .

A. are always worse made　　　　　　　　　

B. must be dry cleaned

C. can not be washed　　　　　　　　　　　　

D. can sometimes fit you better

39．The best title for the passage should be 　　　 .

A. Buy Less Expensive Clothes　　　　　

B. Taking Enough Money When Shopping

C. Being a Clever Clothes Shopper　　　

D. Choosing the Labels inside New Clothes