阅读所给短文，并根据短文后题目的要求进行简答。

A long car journey can be a nightmare(噩梦) for everyone, whether they are adults or children, passengers or drivers. The driver at least has something that he or she needs to concentrate on but for the other occupants of the car, the journey can be boring, uncomfortable, and can make you feel sick. Moreover, passengers who suffer during car journeys can cause stress and anxiety to the driver, who may therefore lose concentration and cause an accident.

With this problem in mind, doctors and child psychiatrists have recommended a series of things to do and not do to make these journeys less stressful.

◆Surveys suggest that a major cause of arguments on car journeys is _________, and evidence shows that drivers operate better if they are listening to something of their own choice. This means that, especially when different generations are traveling, everyone except the driver who wants to listen to music should be equipped with their own source of music or radio.

◆By far the most successful strategy, especially if there are children in the car, is to turn the journey into a fun task of some kind. For example, children can be issued with an illustrated worksheet, offering them the chance to tick off things that they see－a blue motorway road sign, for example, or a particular kind of tree.

◆It is of course important to have sufficient provisions(储备物) for the trip, with water on the top of the list. However, doctors are now warning parents against giving their children fast food items and fizzy(起泡的) drinks, the kind of things that cause hyperactivity and can create tension and problems.

1．What is the main idea of this passage? (Please answer within 10 words)

    _________________________________________________________________________

2．Fill in the blank in the third paragraph of the passage to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words)

    _________________________________________________________________________

3．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

    For children passengers, the most efficient way is to make the journey more enjoyable.

_________________________________________________________________________

    _________________________________________________________________________

4．Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into proper Chinese.

    _________________________________________________________________________

    _________________________________________________________________________

5．What do you think are the needed sufficient provisions for children during the trip? (Please answer within 20 words)

    _________________________________________________________________________

    _________________________________________________________________________

第Ⅱ卷 (共45分)

注意事项：

1．用黑色或蓝色钢笔、圆珠笔直接答在试卷上。

2．答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚。

第四部分：书面表达(共两节，满分45分)

第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题3分，共15分)

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。(请注意问题后的词数要求)

[1]It seems parents have long been right. Going to bed early is key to getting enough sleep and helping adolescents feel on top of the world, a new study reported.

[2]A lack of sleep among youngsters may trigger depression and suicidal thoughts, according to the study by the Columbia University Medical Center.

[3]"Our results are consistent with the theory that inadequate sleep is a risk factor for depression, working with other risk and protective factors through multiple possible causal ways to the development of this mood disorder," said lead author James Gangwisch.

[4]"Adequate quality sleep could therefore be a preventative measure against depression and a treatment for depression," he added in the study published in the Friday issue of Sleep magazine.

[5]The study followed the nightly habits of some 15,659 college and high-school students, and found those who consistently turned in after midnight had a 24 percent higher risk of depression than those who                     before 10:00 pm. Night owls also ran a 20 percent higher risk of battling suicidal thoughts, the study added.

[6]The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that adolescents should sleep at least nine hours or more a night. Those who were tucked in before 10:00 pm reported they slept on average about eight hours and 10 minutes. But that amount of sleep dropped significantly for those in bed after midnight.

[7]And adolescents who slept five hours or less a night were 71 percent more likely to suffer depression and 48 percent more at risk of becoming suicidal, the study said.

[8]"It is a common perception and societal expectation that adolescents do not need as much sleep as pre-adolescents. Yet studies suggest that adolescents may actually require more sleep." said Gangwisch.

[9]"Studies have found that adolescents do not go to bed early enough to make up for earlier school start time. And transitions to earlier school start times have been shown to be associated with significant sleep deprivation."

76. What’s the main idea of the passage? (Please answer within 8 words)

77. What theory are the study results similar to? (Please answer within 20 words)

78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (Please answer within 6 words)

79. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?

It’s widely accepted that the youngsters needn’t sleep as much as the child.

80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 9 into Chinese.

阅读所给短文, 并根据文章后的题目要求进行简答。

[1] Of the fruits of the year I give my vote to the orange. In the first place it is available if not in actual fact, at least in the greengrocer’s shop. On the days when dessert is a name given to a handful of chocolates and a little preserved ginger, then the orange, however sour, comes nobly to the rescue; and on those other days of plenty when cherries and strawberries riot together upon the table, the orange, sweeter than ever ,is still there to hold its own. Bread and butter, beef and mutton, eggs and bacon, are not more necessary to an ordered existence than the orange.

[2]  It is well known that the commonest fruit should be also the best. Of the virtues of the orange I have no room fully to speak. It has properties of health giving. It is clean, for whoever handles it, he doesn’t eat it directly but handles its outer covering, its top coat, which is left in the hall. It is round, and forms an excellent substitute with the young for a cricket ball. But all this would count nothing had not the orange such delightful qualities of taste. I dare not let myself go upon this subject. I am a slave to its sweetness.

[3] Yet with the orange we go live year in and year out. That speaks well for the orange. The fact is that there is an honesty about the orange which appeals to all of us. If it is going to be bad and it begins to go bad from the outside, not from            . How many an innocent-looking apple is harboring a worm in the bud. But the orange has no secret faults. Its outside is a mirror of its inside, and if you are quick you can tell the shop man so before he slips it into the bag.

1.What’s the main idea of this passage? （no more than seven words.）

2.List at least two virtues of the orange?  （no more than six words.）

3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words? （no more than two words.）

4.Why is the orange clean? （no more than seven words.）

5.What does the word “it” (Line 2 , Paragraph 3)probably refer to?（no more than two words.）

阅读下面短文，并根据短文后题目的要求进行简答。

    You are often given false information first that sounds as if it could be the answer to the question．An instance Of this may be that the information given matches one of the answers，but does not“t the criterion given in the question――the person could be talking about last week when the question asks about next week．The correct information usually，if not always，comes afterwards．

    Nearly right is not the same thing as right；examiners Often give information that sounds more Or less correct，but is in some way unsatisfactory．Adverbs and modals are often used to send you the wrong way；the listening text might use “ She may well be late" and the question “She will be late"――this is not an exact match and consequently could easily be the wrong answer．It has to be_________.

    In longer listening passages，they often try to lead you to lose concentration by having quite long sections where no information relevant to the exercise is given．But then out of the blue(unexpectedly)they hit you with a couple of answers in quick turns．

Although most longer listening passages begin with 3n introduction that lets you get Into the flow before they start testing you，you can not depend on this；the first word could  in theory be the answer to the first question．

    Examiners will often place a word directly from the passage in a wrong answer and use a synonym in the correct answer. Check the meaning and do not rely on word recognition to get the right answer.

76. In what situation will the passage be useful? (Please answer within 10 words. )

77. Please fill in the blank with proper words and phrases.  (Please answer within 10 words. )

78. Translate the underlined sentence in the passage into Chinese.

79. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

     It is what the word means not which word it is that should be the criterion of the correct answer.

80. Which of the above suggestions in the passage do you think is the most useful to you? Why? (Please answer within 30 words. )

第Ⅱ卷 (共45分)

注意事项：

    1．用黑色或蓝色钢笔、圆珠笔直接答在试卷上。

    2．答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚。

第四部分：书面表达(共两节，满分45分)

第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题3分，共15分)

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。(请注意问题后的词数要求)

[1]It seems parents have long been right. Going to bed early is key to getting enough sleep and helping adolescents feel on top of the world, a new study reported.

[2]A lack of sleep among youngsters may trigger depression and suicidal thoughts, according to the study by the Columbia University Medical Center.

[3]"Our results are consistent with the theory that inadequate sleep is a risk factor for depression, working with other risk and protective factors through multiple possible causal ways to the development of this mood disorder," said lead author James Gangwisch.

[4]"Adequate quality sleep could therefore be a preventative measure against depression and a treatment for depression," he added in the study published in the Friday issue of Sleep magazine.

[5]The study followed the nightly habits of some 15,659 college and high-school students, and found those who consistently turned in after midnight had a 24 percent higher risk of depression than those who                     before 10:00 pm. Night owls also ran a 20 percent higher risk of battling suicidal thoughts, the study added.

[6]The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that adolescents should sleep at least nine hours or more a night. Those who were tucked in before 10:00 pm reported they slept on average about eight hours and 10 minutes. But that amount of sleep dropped significantly for those in bed after midnight.

[7]And adolescents who slept five hours or less a night were 71 percent more likely to suffer depression and 48 percent more at risk of becoming suicidal, the study said.

[8]"It is a common perception and societal expectation that adolescents do not need as much sleep as pre-adolescents. Yet studies suggest that adolescents may actually require more sleep." said Gangwisch.

[9]"Studies have found that adolescents do not go to bed early enough to make up for earlier school start time. And transitions to earlier school start times have been shown to be associated with significant sleep deprivation."

76. What’s the main idea of the passage? (Please answer within 8 words)

77. What theory are the study results similar to? (Please answer within 20 words)

78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (Please answer within 6 words)

79. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?

   It’s widely accepted that the youngsters needn’t sleep as much as the child.

80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 9 into Chinese.