Australia’s Great Barrier Reef will lose most of its coral cover by 2050 and, at worst, the world’s largest coral system could collapse by 2100 because of global warming, a study recently said.

     The study by Queensland University’s Center for Marine Studies, commissioned (委托) by the Worldwide Fund for Nature, said that the destruction of coral on the Great Barrier Reef was unavoidable due to global warming, regardless of what actions were taken now. “Under the worst-case scenario, coral populations will collapse by 2100 and the reestablishment of coral reefs will be highly unlikely over the following 200-500 years,” said the report entitled “Implications (可能的影响) of Climate Change for Australia’s Great Barrier Reef.”

     The Great Barrier Reef is the world’s largest living reef formation stretching 2,000 km north to south along Australia’s northeast coast. “Only if global average temperature change is kept to below two degrees Celsius can the Reef have any change of recovering from the predicted damage,” the report said. Coral has a narrow comfort zone and is highly stressed by a temperature rise of less than one degree Celsius. Water temperature rises of less than one degree coincided (同时发生) with the world’s worst recorded coral bleaching (颜色变淡) period in 1988. The warmer water forces out the algae (海藻) that give coral its color and, if all are lost, the coral dies and the reef will die out. In 1988, 16 percent of the world’s coral died, with 46 percent of the Indian Ocean coral destroyed.

     Scientists express water temperatures to rise this century by between two and six degrees Celsius. “There is little to no evidence that corals can adapt fast enough to match even the lower  temperature rise,” said the report. Over-fishing and pollution from coastal farms were also contributing to the destruction of coral on the Great Barrier Reef.

     The Great Barrier Reef supports huge fishing and tourism industries. Even under favorable conditions tourists would only be able to experience real corals in reef “theme parks”.

The underlined word “scenario” in Paragraph 2 probably means         .

A. imagination        B. intention        C. expectation       D. prediction

From the passage, we can infer that         .

A. corals have no difficulty in ad高☆考♂资♀源?网apting the temperature change

B. if we take quick actions we can avoid the destruction of corals

C. we can find corals in many areas of the seas or oceans

D. the algae help corals to live

Which of the following is NOT the cause of the destruction of coral on the Great Barrier Reef?

A. Direct sunshine.              B. Over-fishing.

C. Global warming.              D. Pollution.

By saying “Coral has a narrow comfort zone” (Para. 3), the author means         .

A. coral can only live in a small area     

B. coral prefers a crowded place

C. coral can hardly adapt to the temperature change     

D. coral grows best in a small are高☆考♂资♀源?网a

  Australia’s Great Barrier Reef will lose most of its coral cover by 2050 and, at worst, the world’s largest coral system could collapse by 2100 because of global warming, a study recently said.
The study by Queensland University’s Center for Marine Studies, commissioned (委托) by the Worldwide Fund for Nature, said that the destruction of coral on the Great Barrier Reef was unavoidable due to global warming, regardless of what actions were taken now. “Under the worst-case scenario, coral populations will collapse by 2100 and the reestablishment of coral reefs will be highly unlikely over the following 200-500 years,” said the report entitled “Implications (可能的影响) of Climate Change for Australia’s Great Barrier Reef.”[来源:学|科|网]
The Great Barrier Reef is the world’s largest living reef formation stretching 2,000 km north to south along Australia’s northeast coast. “Only if global average temperature change is kept to below two degrees Celsius can the Reef have any change of recovering from the predicted damage,” the report said. Coral has a narrow comfort zone and is highly stressed by a temperature rise of less than one degree Celsius. Water temperature rises of less than one degree coincided (同时发生) with the world’s worst recorded coral bleaching (颜色变淡) period in 1988. The warmer water forces out the algae (海藻) that give coral its color and, if all are lost, the coral dies and the reef will die out. In 1988, 16 percent of the world’s coral died, with 46 percent of the Indian Ocean coral destroyed.
Scientists express water temperatures to rise this century by between two and six degrees Celsius. “There is little to no evidence that corals can adapt fast enough to match even the lower  temperature rise,” said the report. Over-fishing and pollution from coastal farms were also contributing to the destruction of coral on the Great Barrier Reef.
The Great Barrier Reef supports huge fishing and tourism industries. Even under favorable conditions tourists would only be able to experience real corals in reef “theme parks”.
【小题1】The underlined word “scenario” in Paragraph 2 probably means         .

完成句子（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）

1. When I opened the door, l found him sitting in the sofa, completely _____________________ reading a novel. (absorb)

当我打开门时，我发现他坐在沙发上，完全专心地看小说。

2.So _____________________________ that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. (successful)

她的生意是如此成功，以至于玛里克可以在别的地方建立新的分公司。

3.It seems that we have to accept the result and make a good preparation to have another try.

                       earlier, I could have done something to avoid this accident. (inform)

看来我们必须接受这个结果并做好再次尝试的准备了。要是我早点得知的话，就可以做些什么来避免这场事故了。

4.It is the test system, rather than the teachers,           　                 for the students’ heavy study burden nowadays. (blame) 

对于学生现在的学业重压，该受责备的是考试体系，而不是老师。

5. Have you ever had a case           　           but nobody showed any concern? (fall)

你有没有过这种情况，你病倒了，却没有人关心?

6.With my money            　　　        , I have to draw some from the bank in case I have none in hand. (run)

我的钱快用完了，所以我要从银行取点钱，以防手头太紧。

7.We are told from the director’s office that                           we know the result of the final examination.  (long)

我们从主任办公室获悉，过不了多久，我们就可以知道期终考试的结果。

8.Some experts recommend signs and posters be put up in areas                 . (allow)

一些专家建议应在不允许抽烟的地方贴上标志和海报。

9. No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in                 now. (call)

没有人知道确切在什么时候第一批移民者到达我们今天称之为美国的地方。

10.A reporter begins by contacting people ______________ and then prepares questions. (interview)

记者要先和被采访人联系，然后准备好要采访的问题。

第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从下框的A—F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。

E. Computing and communications

F. Wireless communications

61．

Today, the Internet is in a few cars; tomorrow, broadband (宽带) will be in all of them. Any capability a personal computer has, a car will have, including two – way wireless communications for receiving e – mail, music, and movies. When you’re crossing the lonely place, the kids can watch TV if they’re bored. Every passenger will have a video feed.

62．

    Every car will have a self – driving system linked to GPS satellites. Radar sensors (传感器) will track nearby cars. On the freeway, they’ll slow your car when the car ahead of you slows; in town, they’ll help you park without hitting other cars. At rush hour, you’ll get the routes around traffic jams and accidents. The self – driving system in a car makes it possible for the car to drive itself, though some scientists say that’s 30 to 40 years off.

63．

    Motor vehicles today represent 20 to 30 percent of the world’s energy use. In the near future, a small gasoline engine and an electric motor will be brought together. Drivers will use electricity in a storage battery for short distances. Longer term, cars might burn hydrogen or use a fuel cell that converts a fuel like hydrogen and combines it with oxygen to create power. Then the waste will be pure water.

64．

   You’ll use the voice control: “Make it a bit cooler” or “find me country music”. Lighter, more reliable electronic controls replace mechanical controls. Fiber optics (光纤) replace electrical wires and light bulbs. Seats will be air – conditioned. The car will travel with one side higher than the other when turning, just as an airplane does now.

65．

   Cars will avoid some accidents by maintaining safe following distances, and by sensing sleepy or drunk drivers. Air bags will adapt for every passenger according to their size, weight, and position in case accidents happen.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you participate in an online class, it is best to think of it as just another class. If you think that you will have less work, less stress, and more time on your hands, think again. Most students work harder in an online class than in a traditional classroom setting.
__【小题1】___ However, many students take this flexibility for granted. They will rarely participate in their online classes. This is one of the main reasons why people fail when participating in an online class.
The key to success is time management and organization. Treat this class the same way you would treat a traditional class. ___【小题2】___  But, in an online class, the students have to read the text, read the professor’s lecture notes, Participate  in online discussion forums, take exams, prepare essays, prepare individual or group assignments,etc. All of these must be done with very little help. So, if you are not self-motivated and disciplined, online learning is probably not for you.
Create a schedule for working on your assignments. Make sure your family members are aware of your schedule so you won’t be bothered during these times. ___【小题3】___ Treat those times as you would if you had to physically attend a class.
Be sure you have the Tech Support phone number dandy as well, in case computer problem arise. ___【小题4】___ That way, you won’t miss any assignments or deadlines due to technical difficulties.
___【小题5】___ If you have some emergencies, you could end up missing a deadline and lowering your grade. Make sure you know your professor’s policy for accepting late assignments. Be sure to read comments given to you by your professor and always ask for help if you need it. These tips will help you to succeed in your online course.
People can attend online classes at any time.
No matter what happens, stick to your schedule.
Try to have a back-up computer that you can use.
Don’t wait until the last minute to submit assignments.
Communication online makes contact with each other easier.
Be sure you have the contact information for at least 2 other students.
In a traditional class, you have an instructor who leads lectures and discussions.