A "lost tribe" that reached America from Australia may have been the first Native Americans, according to a new theory.

If proved by DNA evidence, the theory will break long established beliefs about the southerly migration of people who entered America across the Bering Strait, found it empty and occupied it.

On this theory rests the belief of Native Americans to have been the first true Americans. They would be classified to the ranks of escapee, beaten to the New World by Aboriginals (土著人) in boats.

To a European, this may seem like an academic argument, but to Americans it is a philosophical question about identity (身份), Silvia Gonzales, of Liverpool University said .

Her claims are based on skeletons found in the California Peninsula of Mexico that have skulls (头骨) quite unlike the broad Mongolian features of Native Americans. These narrow-skulled people have more in common with southern Asians, Aboriginal Australians and people of the South Pacific Region.

The bones, stored at the National Museum of Anthropology (人类学) in Mexico City, have been carbon-dated and one is 12,700 years old, which places it several thousand years before the arrival of people from the North. "We think there were several migration waves into the Americas at different times by different human groups," Dr. Gonzales said． "The timing, route and point of origin of the first colonization of the Americas remains a most contentious topic in human evolution."

But comparisons based on skull shape are not considered conclusive by anthropologists, so a team of Mexican and British scientists, backed by the Natural Environment Research Council, has also attempted to take out DNA from the bones. Dr. Gonzales declined yesterday to say exactly what the results were, as they need to be checked, but indicated that they were consistent（一致） with an Australian origin.

It is generally considered that the first Native Americans came from _____.

       A．North Asia      B．Australia   C．South Pacific   D．South Asia

The skeletons found in the California Peninsula of Mexico have _____.

       A．the broad skull shape     

       B．the narrow skull shape

       C．different features of Aboriginal Australians   

       D．the same features of Native Americans

The underlined “contentious” is similar in meaning to “_____”.

       A．likely to cause great interest    B．difficult to solve

       C．well-known to all           D． likely to cause argument

Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

       A．Research on skulls can draw an exact conclusion.

       B．DNA tests have proved the fact that the first Native Americans came from Australian.

       C．Scientists are still not sure about the origin of the Native Americans.

       D．People began to enter America across the Bering Strait about 12,700 years ago.

A “lost tribe” that reached America from Australia may have been the first Native Americans, according to a new theory.
If proved by DNA evidence, the theory will break long established beliefs about the southerly migration of people who entered America across the Bering Strait, found it empty and occupied it.
On this theory rests the belief of Native Americans to have been the first true Americans. They would be classified to the ranks of escapee, beaten to the New World by Aboriginals (土著人) in boats.
To a European, this may seem like an academic argument, but to Americans it is a philosophical question about identity, Silvia Gonzales, of Liverpool University said .
Her claims are based on skeletons found in the California Peninsula of Mexico that have skulls quite unlike the broad Mongolian features of Native Americans. These narrow-skulled people have more in common with southern Asians, Aboriginal Australians and people of the South Pacific Region.
The bones, stored at the National Museum of Anthropology (人类学) in Mexico City, have been carbon-dated and one is 12,700 years old, which places it several thousand years before the arrival of people from the North. “We think there were several migration waves into the Americas at different times by different human groups,” Dr. Gonzales said. “The timing, route and point of origin of the first colonization of the Americas remains a most contentious topic in human evolution.”
But comparisons based on skull shape are not considered conclusive by anthropologists, so a team of Mexican and British scientists, backed by the Natural Environment Research Council, has also attempted to take out DNA from the bones. Dr. Gonzales declined yesterday to say exactly what the results were, as they need to be checked, but indicated that they were consistent(一致) with an Australian origin.

1. 1.

   It is generally considered that the first Native Americans came from ________.

   1. A.
      North Asia
   2. B.
      Australia
   3. C.
      South Pacific
   4. D.
      South Asia
2. 2.

   The skeletons found in the California Peninsula of Mexico have ________.

   1. A.
      the broad skull shape
   2. B.
      the narrow skull shape
   3. C.
      different features of Aboriginal Australians
   4. D.
      the same features of Native Americans
3. 3.

   The underlined “contentious” is similar in meaning to “________”.

   1. A.
      likely to cause great interest
   2. B.
      difficult to solve
   3. C.
      well-known to all
   4. D.
      likely to cause argument
4. 4.

   Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

   1. A.
      Research on skulls can draw an exact conclusion.
   2. B.
      DNA tests have proved the fact that the first Native Americans came from Australian.
   3. C.
      Scientists are still not sure about the origin of the Native Americans.
   4. D.
      People began to enter America across the Bering Strait about 12,700 years ago.

I heard a story about two workers who were interviewed by a reporter. The reporter asked the first worker, “What are you doing?” His  1  was to   2  that he was almost a slave, an underpaid bricklayer who spent his days   3  his time, placing bricks on the   4  of one another.

The reporter asked the second worker the   5  question. His response,  6  , was quite different. “I’m the   7  person in the world,” he said. “I get to be a part of important and beautiful pieces of   8  ; I help   9  simple pieces of brick into fine and delicate masterpieces.”

They were both   10  The truth is, we see in life what we want to see. If you search for   11  , you’ll find   12  of it. If you want to find   13  with other people, your career, or the world in general, you’ll certainly be able to do so and find life is unfair to you always.

But the   14  is also true. If you look for the extraordinary in the   15 , you can train yourself to see it. The second bricklayer sees a magnificent church   16  pieces of brick. The question is, can you? Can you see extraordinary things that exist in our world, the extraordinary beauty of nature and the incredible miracle of human life? To me, it’s all a(n)  17  of intention. There is so much to be   18  for, so much to respect. Life is precious and extraordinary.  19  your attention on this fact and little, ordinary things will  20  on a whole new meaning.

1．A．reaction                B．thought               C．response             D．opinion

2．A．blame                   B．complain             C．praise                  D．doubt

3．A．taking                   B．enjoying              C．wondering           D．wasting

4．A．point                     B．top                      C．cover                  D．height

5．A．similar                  B．familiar                C．same                   D．popular

6．A．therefore               B．however              C．otherwise            D．moreover

7．A．funniest                B．luckiest               C．best                    D．wisest

8．A．art                        B．education             C．architecture         D．society

9．A．tear                      B．break                  C．make                  D．turn

10．A．wrong                 B．right                    C．exact                  D．actual

11．A．  beauty               B．ugliness               C．kindness              D．evil

12．A．lot                      B．few                     C．plenty                 D．bit

13．A．fault                    B．favor                   C．hatred                 D．difference

14．A．objection             B．opposite              C．contrary              D．contrast

15．A．ordinary              B．common              C．usual                   D．regular

16．A．under                  B．on                       C．over                    D．within

17．A．affair                  B．matter                 C．event                  D．incident

18．A．respectful            B．careful                C．regretful              D．grateful

20．A．look                    B．hold                    C．take                    D．keep

Based on a telephone survey of about 72，000 people in 2005，only about l in 4 Americans knows the warning signs of a heart attack and what to do first，according to a new government report．That’s a decline from the last survey in 2001，which showed that nearly 1 in 3 were well informed．

The study’s lead author，Dr．Jing Fang，called public awareness in the new survey“alarmingly low”．Fang is with the Center for Disease Control and Prevention，which surveyed residents of 13 states and District of Columbia．

Heart attack warning signs can include one or more of the following：shortness of breath，pain or discomfort in the chest，discomfort in the arms or shoulders，a feeling of weakness or light headedness，and discomfort in the jaw，neck or back．Chest pain is the most common symptom．Women are more likely than men to experience some of the other symptoms，Particularly shortness of breath and back or jaw pain，according to the American Heart Association．Anyone experiencing these symptoms should call 911，the heart association advises．In America，the groups best informed of heart attack warning signs，and what to do，tended to be white，highly educated and women．Also scoring well were residents of West Virginia，which has Some of the nation’s highest heart attack death rates．

Each year more than 900，000 Americans suffer heart attacks，about 157，000 of them fatal（致命的）．About half the deaths occur within an hour of the symptoms appearing，experts say．Because different people experience different symptoms，it’s important to be aware of all of them，doctors say．

Of course，knowing is not the same as doing, Although most of those who got the heart attack symptoms right said they would call 911,other studies show that only about half of heart attack victims go to a hospital by ambulance, Rosamond noted．

Patients’ concerns about lack of health insurance or other matters may explain why so few went to a hospital，said Rosamond，who was not involved in the new study．

61．What’s the main topic of the passage?

A．People’s declining knowledge of heart attack symptoms．

B．The importance of knowing the heart attack warning signs．

C．The seriousness of heart attacks．

D．Some of the symptoms of heart attacks．

62．We learn from the passage that American women

A．suffer more chest pain from heart attacks

B．have a greater possibility to experience shortness of breath in heart attacks

C．have heart attacks more often than men

       D．having heart attacks all experience rather similar symptoms

63．Who is most likely to know the most about heart attack warning signs?

A．A white，poorly educated man                    B．A white．highly educated woman．

C．A black．highly educated woman．             D．A black high school boy．

64．Why don’t Some people who get heart attacks call 91 l?

      A．Because they don’t trust doctors in the hospital．

      B．Just because they are suffering too much to move．

      C．Partly because ambulances are not available to them．

D．Partly because they don’t have health insurance

65．What do we learn from the passage?

       A．Patients with heart disease rarely suffer chest pain．

       B．Dr．Jing Fang did the survey by himself．

C．West Virginia has the lowest heart attack death rate．

D．A person having a heart attack may have one or more symptoms．

Googlefight is a simple service available on the Internet which offers you the chance to compare two different items and see how many hits they get on the Google search engine．This seemingly simple device has proved invaluable to users，especially to help win arguments．

    For example，imagine that you and your friends are arguing about who are the most popular music or movie stars，you can decide the argument by writing the names in the Googlefight boxes．Let’s say that you are arguing about Jackie Chan and Jet Li．You will quickly discover that Jet Li is mentioned 16 million times on Google pages，whereas Jackie Chan is mentioned a mere 12 million times! In this unscientific way，you can claim victory for one Star over another．

    But teachers have come up with ways of using Googlefight which are much more useful from an academic point of view，particularly when it comes to studying languages．You can，for example．find out the frequency of two words with the same meaning，and deduce(推断) from the answers which one is more common．For example，let’s take the words “buy” and “purchase”，which mean the same thing（although “buy” is only a verb and “purchase” is both a verb and a noun)．It is immediately clear from Googlefight that “buy” is much more commonly used，with a massive three and a half billion hits，compared to only one billion occurrences for the more formal word．

But the real value of Googlefight to the language learner is in determining which is the more common of two phrases．For example，“raining cats and dogs” is an old-fashioned English expression about the weather．Do English speakers still use it? Or are they more likely to say “pouring down”? Googlefight suggests the latter．“Pouring down” has 898,000 Google hits，whereas “raining cats and dogs” only has 326,000．

With phrases，it's important to remember that you need to use quote marks to make the search more accurate．For example．if you type in the similar phrases “look after” and “take care of'” without quote marks，the second phrase seems to be more common，but with quote marks，the result is reversed(相反的)．

1．What is Googlefight?

A．A fight between two people on Google．

B．A way to make sure you win an argument．

C．A website showing how many hits two different things have．

D．A list of all the websites on Google．

2．If you want to know which star has more website hits, you      .

A．can write their names in two boxes

B．can decide if it’s Jackie Chan or Jet Li

C．have 16 million chances to win

D．have to claim victory in the argument

3．Language teachers find it useful because         .

A．there are a lot of words on Google sites

B．it can tell them which of two words appears more often

C．some words mean the same thing

D．common words have a billion hits

4．What must you remember to do if you are checking phrases by Googlefight?

A．Make sure they mean the same thing．

B．Make sure they are different．

C．Remember to put quote marks round the phrase．

D．Don’t put quote marks round the phrase．

5．Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Googlefight is effective to determine the more common of two phrases．

B．Googlefight is a scientific way to decide an argument．

C．Quote marks can make the search more accurate．

D．Googlefight is invaluable to help win arguments．