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    [1]Hocus-pocus sounds magical, doesn't it? And the word comes from the world of magic playing in Medieval (中世纪) Europe. In the dictionary Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, hocus-pocus is explained this way: a method or belief that you think is based on false ideas, e.g. He thinks psychology is a lot of hocus-pocus.

    [2]I'm afraid this explanation isn't as interesting as the sounding of the word itself. But then again, the dictionary I mentioned is a dictionary for beginners. One can't expect much from it when it comes to such an interesting word as hocus-pocus. The Merriam-Webster dictionary online, on the other hand, gives a more detailed explanation: (1) sleight of hand; (2) nonsense or sham used especially to cloak deception. And it gives the origin of the word: probably from hocus pocus, imitation of a Latin phrase used by magicians.

    [3]This explanation gets to the basic nature of hocus-pocus―exotic (外来的) but meaningless talk by the magician to fool the audience. Watch any magician at work and we'll notice that he sometimes talks constantly while performing tricks, using hocus-pocus, such as ear-catching words, eye-catching hand or body movements, to distract(分散) our attention while he gets a trick done.

    [4]Hocus pocus reveals the nonsensical nature of the magician's talk on stage. And it was introduced into the English language probably just on the strength of the rhyming sound of it. Hocus-pocus, lovely.

    [5]Well, knowing its origin which is from performing magicians in Europe, I'm sure you will find hocus pocus easier to remember. You'll also learn where to put it into use.

     

    76. What is the passage mainly about? (Please answer within 10 words.)

    77. Please list some examples of using “hocus pocus” mentioned in the passage. (Please answer within 10 words.)

    ① __________________ ② _______________ ③ _______________

    78. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

    Hocus pocus shows magicians’ completely ridiculous and pointless words while performing.

    79. Translate the underlined sentence in the passage into Chinese.

    80. In what situations do you think we can use hocus-pocus? (Please answer within 30 words.)

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    阅读下面短文，请根据短文后的要求进行答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）

    [1] Hocus-pocus sounds magical, doesn't it? And the word comes from the world of magic playing in Medieval （中世纪） Europe． In the dictionary Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, hocus-pocus is explained this way: a method or belief that you think is based on false ideas, e.g．He thinks psychology is a lot of hocus-pocus.

    [2] I'm afraid this explanation isn't as interesting as the sounding of the word itself． But then again, the dictionary I mentioned is a dictionary for beginners．One can't expect much from it when it comes to such an interesting word as hocus-pocus．The Merriam-Webster dictionary online, on the other hand, gives a more detailed explanation:（1）sleight of hand;（2）nonsense or sham used especially to cloak deception．And it gives the origin of the word: probably from hocus pocus, imitation of a Latin phrase used by magicians.

    [3] This explanation gets to the basic nature of hocus-pocus--exotic（外来的） but meaningless talk by the magician to fool the audience．Watch any magician at work and we'll notice that he sometimes talks constantly while performing tricks, using hocus-pocus, such as ear-catching words, eye-catching hand or body movements, to distract（分散） our attention while he gets a trick done.

    [4] Hocus pocus reveals the nonsensical nature of the magician's talk on stage．And it was introduced into the English language probably just on the strength of the rhyming sound of it．Hocus-pocus, lovely.

    [5] Well, knowing its origin which is from performing magicians in Europe, I'm sure you will find hocus pocus easier to remember．You'll also learn where to put it into use.

    1．What is the passage mainly about? （Please answer within 10 words．）

    2．Please list some examples of using "hocus pocus" mentioned in the passage．（Please answer within 10 words．）

        ①          ②         ③           

    3．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

         Hocus pocus shows magicians' completely ridiculous and pointless words while performing.

    4．Translate the underlined sentence in the passage into Chinese.

    5．In what situations do you think we can use hocus-pocus? Why? （Please answer within 30

         words．）

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    A. The Development of an Early Union
    B. Support from the Public
    C. The Decline of an Early Union
    D. A Brief Comparison between the Union and the Medieval Craft Guilds
    E. Management's Reaction to the Labour Movement
    F. Reasons for starting a Union
    1.                              
         Some scholars have associated trade unions with the medieval craft guilds (中世纪的行会), but there
    are important differences between the two. The guild members were masters craftsmen who owned capital
    and often employed workers. Unions are known as associations of workers with similar skills.
    2.                              
         In the past, individual worker had no control over the conditions of their working lives; political and
    economic power was concentrated in the hands of wealthy business owners. Workers found, however,
    that there was strength in uniting.From their earliest years, union objectives have been higher wages and
    improved working conditions.
    3.                               
         Employers resisted, of course. They made great efforts to stop union organizing its activities. Union
    members were fired, workers were forced to sign contracts in which they promised not to join a union,
    and companies hired strike－breakers (罢工破坏者) and even gunmen to frighten organizers.
    4.                             
         One of the earliest successful labour organizations in the United States was the Knights of Labour,
    founded in 1869. The Knights, which included both skilled and unskilled workers, attempted to organize
    all workers into one great union. After it successfully struck the Wabash railroad owned by Jay Gould in
    1885, its popularity and power grew dramatically.In 1886 the Knights had 700,000 members.
    5.                             
         The decline of the Knights of Labour, however, came quickly. The strike against Gould was gradually
    broken, and the Knights radical positions on social issues cost them public support. In the end, a lack of
    unity as well as the rapid inflow of unskilled immigrants weakened the union's economic power, and the
    organization came to an end.

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    信息匹配
    A. The Development of an Early Union.
    B. Support from the Public.
    C. The Decline of an Early Union.
    D. A Brief Comparison between the Union and the Medieval Craft Guilds.
    E. Management's Reaction to the Labour Movement.
    F. Reasons for starting a Union.
    1. _____
         Some scholars have associated trade unions with the medieval craft guilds (中世纪的行会), but
    there are important differences between the two.The guild members were masters craftsmen who owned
    capital and often employed workers.Unions are known as associations of workers with similar skills.
    2. _____
         In the past, individual worker had no control over the conditions of their working lives; political and
    economic power was concentrated in the hands of wealthy business owners.Workers found, however,
    that there was strength in uniting.From their earliest years, union objectives have been higher wages and
    improved working conditions.
    3._____
         Employers resisted, of course.They made great efforts to stop union organizing its activities.Union
    members were fired, workers were forced to sign contracts in which they promised not to join a union,
    and companies hired strikebreakers (罢工破坏者) and even gunmen to frighten organizers.
    4._____
         One of the earliest successful labour organizations in the United States was the Knights of Labour,
    founded in 1869.The Knights, which included both skilled and unskilled workers, attempted to organize
    all workers into one great union.After it successfully struck the Wabash railroad owned by Jay Gould in
    1885, its popularity and power grew dramatically.In 1886 the Knights had 700,000 members.
    5._____
         The decline of the Knights of Labour, however, came quickly.The strike against Gould was gradually
    broken, and the Knights radical positions on social issues cost them public support.In the end, a lack of
    unity as well as the rapid inflow of unskilled immigrants weakened the union's economic power, and the
    organization came to an end.

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    India has a very vast history and heritage. The country has witnessed some of the most important events in the past and every event has an effect of its own on the culture, religion, lifestyle, and economy of the country. This is one of the leading reasons why tourists prefer India to travel and explore. Historical tours in India provide everything that a traveler expects from his/her journey. These historical tours give an opportunity to study and explore Indian history.
    Historical tours of India generally consisted of four phases: ancient, medieval（中世纪的）, modern India and contemporary India. Some of the historical travel packages are:
    Forts and Palaces
    The rich cultural past of India is reflected in the countless forts and palaces across the country. Most of the forts were constructed as a defense device to keep the enemy away and palaces were made on the names of the kings and queens. Some of the famous forts and palaces are: Agra Fort (Agra), Fatehpur Sikri (Agra), Hawa Mahal (Jaipur), Amber Fort (Jaipur), City Palace (Jaipur), Gwalior Fort (Gwalior), Mysore Palace (Mysore), Red Fort (Delhi), etc.
    India Heritage Tours
    The main purpose of India Heritage tours is to make Indians as well as tourists familiar with the rich Indian legacy（遗产）. The heritage of the country is at least 5000 years. Some of the heritage tours are: medieval heritage, Rajput heritage, Golden Triangle, splendid Gujarat, etc.
    South India Historical Tours
    The Southern India is known for its diversity and there are many places, which attract tourists, not only from the country but also from all around the world. The famous tourists’ destinations in South India include Goa, Cochin, Kerala, Munnar, Periyar, Kottayam and the list goes on and on.
    【小题1】The main purpose of this passage is

    A．to report some important events in the history of India
    B．to introduce some tours that they can explore the history of India
    C．to help study the culture and history of India
    D．to tell us how to explore the history of India
    【小题2】Many tourists prefer to travel to and explore because
    A．modern India has little to study
    B．Indian people have an interesting lifestyle
    C．its culture is greatly influenced by its history
    D．India’s history is longer than that of any other country
    【小题3】Most forts were built in order to
    A．honor the kingsB．act as a palace for queens
    C．keep enemies away D．attract tourists
    【小题4】According to the passage, Rajput heritage               .
    A．is a famous fort in IndiaB．is one of the heritages in India
    C．has a history of no more than 200 yearsD．lies in South India

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