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    Unit 4 Earthquakes 【查看更多】

     

    题目列表(包括答案和解析)

    阅读理解

    Earthquakes are measured on a scale designed by U．S．scientist called Charles Richter．Each increase of one whole unit means a tenfold increase in intensity．That is to say, an earthquake of 7.0 is ten times more powerful than one of 6.0 and 8.0 earthquake is 100 times stronger than a 6.0 one．More than a million people died when an earthquake destroyed the eastern Mediterranean in July, 1201．The biggest killer in modern times was the 7.8 earthquake that destroyed Tangshan in China’s northeast in 1979, killing about 200 000 people．Following are the other major earthquakes over 8.0 in Asia in the 20th century．

    (1)

    An 9.0 earthquake is 1000 times as strong as one of ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    8.0

    B．

    7.0

    C．

    6.0

    D．

    5.0

    (2)

    The magnitude of the quake which happened in the eastern Mediterranean in July, 1201 ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    is the highest

    B．

    was recorded

    C．

    was measured

    D．

    is unknown

    (3)

    The underlined word “killer” in the passage refers to ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    earthquake

    B．

    dead people

    C．

    ruin

    D．

    murderer

    (4)

    The earthquake in Japan on March 2, 1933 was ________ the power of one at Tangshan in China in 1976, while the Chinese who died from the earthquake were about ________ more than the Japanese．

    [　　]

    A．

    eighteen times; fifty times

    B．

    eleven times; sixty-six times

    C．

    eight times; eighty times

    D．

    six times; sixty times

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    阅读理解

    　　The country of Chile is struggling to recover from one of the most powerful earthquakes in history．The quake struck the South American nation early Saturday morning．It registered 8．8 on the Richter scale．Ex-perts say the earthquake in Chile is among the five most powerful earthquakes ever recorded．

    　　The epicenter of the earthquake is about 70 miles north of the city of Concepci6n．The area has been rocked by dozens of aftershocks since the big quake hit on Saturday morning．

    　　On Sunday, Chilean President Michelle Bachelet updated reports on the toll the earthquake has taken．“It’s an enormous catastrophe,” she said．Countless buildings and roadways have been destroyed or badly damaged．Rescuers continued to work around the clock to find survivors who may be trapped under the rub-ble of fallen buildings．Government officials estimate more than 2 million people have lost their homes．

    　　Bachelet assured people that food and medical aid were on the way．Ten thousand members of the Chil-ean military have been dispatched to help in the relief and recovery efforts．Many of the country’s major gro-cery stores have started giving away basic food and supplies to people in the affected areas．Secretary-Gener-al of the United Nations spoke to President Bachelet by telephone．He assured her that the United Nations“stands ready to assist the Chilean government’s rescue and recovery efforts ”．

    　　The earthquake in Chile comes less than two months after the 7．0 magnitude earthquake that Haiti suf-fered in January．Although the earthquake in Chile was more powerful than the one in Haiti，the damage is unlikely to be as severe．Earthquakes are more common in Chile，and many buildings and homes there are constructed to withstand tremors better．Also，the area of Chile most affected by this earthquake is not asheavily populated as Port-au-Prince, where the epicenter of the Haitian quake was located．Furthermore, Chile is one of South America’s richest, best-organized countries．Its government has more supplies and people available to effectively respond to national emergencies．

    　　The energy released by the quake caused shock waves to roll across the Pacific Ocean in the form of tsu-namis(海啸)that have the potential to do great damage to coastal areas．Some of these waves struck the Chilean coast，causing major damage to seaside towns．Coastal communities in Russia，Japan，and the Unit-ed States were concerned，too，but there were no reports of severe damage from the waves that eventually reached the countries’shores．

    (1)

    Who is leading the earthquake relief efforts in Chile?

    [　　]

    A．

    The Chilean government and military．

    B．

    Geologists and other scientists．

    C．

    The United Nations peacekeeping forces．

    D．

    Secretary-General of the United Nations．

    (2)

    The damage from Chile’s earthquake is not expected to be as severe as the damage from Haiti’s quake．Which could not be the reason for it?

    [　　]

    A．

    Chile is one of the richest，best-organized countries in South America．

    B．

    Chile has constructed many buildings for the people．

    C．

    Chile knows how to respond to a national emergency．

    D．

    The epicenter area of the Chile earthquake is less heavily populated than that of the Haiti’s quake．

    (3)

    One result of the earthquake in Chile was ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    severe storms in Russia and Japan

    B．

    massive waves in the pacific Ocean

    C．

    a lack of food supplies in coastal communities

    D．

    a social confusion across the globe

    (4)

    What’s the best title for this news report?

    [　　]

    A．

    Major Earthquake Hits Chile

    B．

    The Most Powerful Earthquake in History

    C．

    Rescue and Recovery Efforts

    D．

    Face to Face with the Natural Disaster

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    Some scientists say that animals in the oceans are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.

    The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.

    Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of one hundred and ninety－five would have the same effect.

    Some scientists have suggested setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in the oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales（鲸鱼）.

    A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals.

    The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected(被感染的).

    Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds are against a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.

    Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However, many scientists don’t think that noise is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.

    1.According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?

    A. The sound of cars.

    B. The sound of voices.

    C. Man-made noise pollution.

    D. The sound of steps.

    2.According to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPT________.

    A. sounds made by animals themselves                        B. ocean drilling

    C. underwater earthquakes                                            D. the breaking of ice fields

    3.Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?

    A. The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.

    B. Different places may have different types of noises.

    C. The decibel is not a right unit (单位) for measuring underwater noise.

    D. Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.

    4. Which of the following is true of whales?      

    A. They won't be confused by noises.

    B. They are deaf to noises.

    C. Their ability to reproduce will be lowered by high-level noises.

    D. Their hearing will be damaged by high-level noises.

    5.According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?

    A. They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.

    B. They will protect animals from harmful noises.

    C. They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.

    D. They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.

     

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    阅读理解
         Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by
    human beings.
         The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities.It is caused mainly by
    industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines.Such noises are added to natural sounds.These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.
         Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land.A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears.In water, a decibel level of one hundred and
    ninetyfive would have the same effect.
         Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in oceans.They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales.
         A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some
    animals.
        The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose
    their hearing.This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way.Some
    of the whales even died.The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected.
         Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred and twenty
    decibels.They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.
        Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals.However,
    many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they believed.They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.

    1. According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?

    A. The sound of a car.
    B. The sound of voices.
    C. Manmade noise pollution.
    D. The sound of steps.

    2. According to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPT________.

    A. sounds made by animals themselves
    B. ocean drilling
    C. underwater earthquakes
    C. the breaking of ice fields

    3. Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?

    A. The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.
    B. Different places may have different types of noises.
    C. The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noise.
    D. Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.

    4. According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?

    A. They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.
    B. They will protect animals from harmful noises.
    C. They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.
    D. They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.

    查看答案和解析>>

    阅读理解。
         Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution
    caused by human beings.
         The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities.It is caused
    mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines.Such noises are
    added to natural sounds.These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes,
    and sounds made by animals themselves.
         Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land.A noise of one
    hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears.In water, a decibel level of one
    hundred and ninetyfive would have the same effect.
         Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in
    oceans.They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales.
          A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously
    injure some animals.
         The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the
    area to lose their hearing.This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and
    find their way.Some of the whales even died.The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and
    become infected.
         Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred
    and twenty decibels.They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific
    research.
         Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals.
    However, many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they believed.They want
    to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.
    1．According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?
    A．The sound of a car.
    B．The sound of voices.
    C．Manmade noise pollution.
    D．The sound of steps
    2．According to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPT________.
    A．sounds made by animals themselves
    B．ocean drilling
    C．underwater earthquakes
    C．the breaking of ice fields
    3．Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?
    A．The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.
    B．Different places may have different types of noises.
    C．The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noise.
    D．Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.
    4．According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?
    A. They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.
    B．They will protect animals from harmful noises.
    C．They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.
    D．They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.

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