Doctor are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn't realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather. I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.

   I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down. He was a better pilot - and my boss - so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, "We need to put the landing gear down now!" That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I've used it in the operating room ever since.

CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I'm in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they're not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from ”landing gear up”.

36. What does the author say about doctors in general?

A. They like flying by themselves.

B. They are unwilling to take advice.

C. They pretend to be good pilots.

D. They are quick learners of CRM.

37. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when_______.

A. he saved the plane by speaking up

B. he was in charge of a flying task

C. his boss landed the plane too late

D. his boss operated on a patient

38. In the last paragraph” landing gear up” probably means ______.

A. following flying requirements.

B. overreacting to different opinions.

C. listening to what fellow doctors say

D. making a mistake that may cost lives

39. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A.CRM: A New Way to Make Flying Safe

B. Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor

C. The Making of a Good Pilot

D. A Pilot-Turned Doctor

I love it at night. It’s peaceful. And when it cools down I sometimes do some ironing. I don’t really care for it. I work full-time and too busy for most housework. I remember the old woman who taught me to iron. I was about 15 and somehow got a live-in job taking care of a woman who had been an able-bodied, healthy woman until the accident that caused her to be paralyzed（瘫痪）.
The woman had an electric wheelchair. She could move her head and arms but not her hands or fingers. She had this clamp（夹子）attached to her arm and I’d have to open it and put a cup or a pencil in it and then she could move it. She would tell me how to do things. She would instruct me in great detail on the correct way to do things. Her home was perfect and beautiful. She would follow me around in her electric wheelchair to make sure I did everything exactly right. I’m sure she had been a perfect homemaker. She would have me fold everything, including socks and pillow cases. I would complain silently and wish terrible things on her. She taught me the right way to make the bed and tuck （塞）the corners. I know sometimes she’d get frustrated and impatient with me. I knew she wanted to grab it and do it herself. But she never yelled or scolded. Only insisted I do it right. I didn’t like it much, but I did it.
Today I can iron pretty well. I know where to start on a shirt, the right way to do the collar and sleeves. Now that I think about it, I don’t think she is an old lady. I think she might have been about my age now. Anyway, when I iron, I think of her and silently thank her for all the things I learned.
【小题1】From the passage we can infer that the writer of the passage now is ________.

A．a housewife	B．a full-time worker
C．a clothes maker	D．a college student

【小题2】The writer used to take care of the lady because ______.

A．she wanted to learn how to do housework

B．she was a relative of the disabled woman

C．she wanted to earn some money while sleeping and eating there

D．she had to do something in return to the lady for her kindness

【小题3】When the lady taught the writer how to do housework, the little girl was ______.

A．eager to learn	B．unwilling to learn
C．forced to learn	D．careful to learn

【小题4】What’s the writer’s attitude towards the lady now?

A．Sympathetic

B．Fearful

C．Hateful

D．Grateful

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。(请将答案写在答题卡上相应番号后的横线上) （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

When you take a taxi in the United States, if you sit in the front seat, the driver will be pleased and talk with you all the way. If you sit in the back seat, however, the driver may be unhappy and unwilling to speak.

At first, I thought that this had something to do with different characters (性格) of the drivers. Later, after I’d had more experiences with taxis, I found that it happened very often. Only when I arrived in San Francisco did I ____________.

I went to see Sonia in San Francisco. One day, Sonia drove the car while her husband, Ji An, sat beside her, and I sat behind Ji An. Later, Ji An got out of the car and suggested that I sit where he had been sitting. It’s not a long way, so I told him that it didn’t matter, but Ji An insisted. I had to move, feeling a little strange.

“Do you know why Ji An asked you to sit here?” Sonia asked me. I shook my head. “If you sit in the front, it means that you and I are friends. If you sit in the back, it seems that I’m just your driver and our relationship is of employer and employee.”

With those words, I understood at once why taxi drivers were so pleased when people sat in the front. On the face of it, the only issue was where one sat. As a matter of fact, where to sit also reflected (反映) the degree of one’s respect for the driver.

Although it is true that the relationship between driver and passenger is a business relationship, people still place an emphasis (强调) on respect and friendship beyond any monetary (金钱的) relationship.

1.What’s the best title for the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)

____________________________________________

2.Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

It seemed that the problem was no more than the seat.

____________________________________________

3.Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words)

____________________________________________

4.What’s the culture of taking a taxi in the United States? (Please answer within 30 words.)

____________________________________________

5.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.

____________________________________________

 

Question: Why is it so hard for some people to apologize after they’ve done something wrong? I have made every effort to persuade my uncle to be nice to people that he knows he’s hurt. 【小题1】  How I wish things would be better if he’d just say he’s sorry and ask them to forgive him.
Answer: 【小题2】  It’s just easier for him to pretend nothing happened than to face the embarrassment of admitting he was wrong. You’ve probably done the same thing yourself at some time. In fact, most of us have. Furthermore, what if others won’t forgive him even if he apologizes?
 【小题3】 Pride blinds us to our mistakes or faults. Or at least it makes us pay less attention to their seriousness.
Pride also makes us unwilling to admit to others that we were wrong. Perhaps we’re afraid they will look down on us if we admit it.  【小题4】
But others see through our pride. And things would be far better if we admitted our faults and asked for forgiveness.  【小题5】
Now you know why your uncle refuses to apologize, talk to him again. Help him to learn how to apologize and ask for forgiveness from others.

A．But a deeper reason is pride.

B．But he just refuses to do that.

C．We may even hope that somehow they will overlook it.

D．As a result, you would offend others and hurt their feelings.

E. There are a variety of reasons for your uncle’s refusal to apologize.
F. Otherwise our pride would only hurt us and cause conflict with others.
G. One reason your uncle finds it hard to apologize could be embarrassment.

It’s not easy being a teenager（13至19岁青少年）—nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager. You can make your child feel angry, hurt, or misunderstood by what you say without realizing it yourself. It is important to give your child the space he needs to grow while gently letting him know that you you’ll still be there for him when he needs you.
Expect a lot from your child, just not everything. Except for health and safety problems, such as drug use or careless driving; consider everything else open to discussion. If your child is unwilling to discuss something, don’t insist he tell you what’s on his mind. The more you insist, the more likely that he’ll cleam up. Instead , let him attempt to solve（解决）things by himself. At the same time, remind him that you’re always there for him should he seek advice or help. Show respect for your teenager’s privacy （隐私）. Never read him his mail or listen in on personal conversions.
Teach your teenager that the family phone is for the whole family. If your child talks on the family’s telephone for too long, tell him he can talk for15 minutes, but then he must stay off the phone for at least an equal period of time. This not only frees up the line so that other family members can make and receive calls, but teaches your teenager moderation（节制）. Or if you are open to the idea, allow your teenager his own phone that he pays for with his own pocket money or a part –time job.
【小题1】The main purpose of the text is to tell parents      .

A．how to get along with a teenager

B．how to respect a teenager

C．how to understand a teenager

D．how to help a teenager grow up

【小题2】What does the phrase “clam up” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．become excited	B．show respect
C．refuse to talk	D．seek help

【小题3】What should parents do in raising a teenager according to the text?

A．Not allow him to learn driving or take drugs.

B．Give him advice only when necessary.

C．Let him have his own telephone.

D．Not talk about personal things with him.