realistic / optimistic Section D Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Wugging, or web use giving, describes the act of giving to charity, which is being added to a number of university computers across the UK this week , students can raise money every time they search, but it won’t cost them a penny. Research shows that students are enthusiastic about supporting charity, 88% of full time students have used the Internet to give to charity. This figure is high, considering this age group is often the least likely to have their own income. 19% of 22 to 24 years old have short-term debts of more than £ 5.000. With rising personal debt levels in this age group, due to university tuition fees or personal loans and a lack of long-term savings, traditional methods of donating to charity are often not appealing or possible. Beth Truman, a 21-year-old recent university graduate has used Everyclick. com to donate to her chosen charity, the RSPCA, for two years and has seen the “wugging movement grow popular with students. “When you’re at university you become more socially aware, but it’s sometimes hard to give to others when you have little money yourself. says Beth. “Wugging is great for people in this age group as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give it to charity, without costing them a single penny. Wugging is perfect for people who want to be more socially aware and supportive but don’t feel they have the means to do so. Students using the web can generate money for causes they care about without costing them anything in terms of time or money, and charities get a valuable source of funding. Everyclick. com works like any other search engine, allowing users to search for information, news and images but users can identify which of the UK’s 170. is now the eighth largest search engine and one of the busiest charity websites in the UK. 查看更多

 

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Lots of people are unhappy with their present weight, but most aren't sure how to change it. You may want to look like the models or actors in magazines and on TV, but those goals might not be healthy or realistic (现实的) for you. Being healthy is really about being at a weight that is right for you. The best way to find out if you are at a healthy weight or if you need to lose or gain weight is to talk to a doctor or dietitian(营养学家). If it turns out that you can benefit from weight loss, then you can follow a few of the simple suggestions listed below to get started.
_______________________. Ask your mom or dad to lend help and support and to make lifestyle changes that will benefit the whole family, if possible. Those who have the support of their families tend to have better results with their weight-management programs.
Watch your drinks. It’s amazing how many extra calories can be in the sodas, juices and other drinks that you take in every day. Simply cutting out a can of soda or one sports drink can save you 150 calories or more each day. Slake yourself with water or other sugar-free drinks when you’re thirsty and stay away from sugary juices and sodas.
Stop eating when you’re full. Lots of people eat when they’re full. Try to pay attention as you eat and stop when you are full.
Avoid diet pills. They can be dangerous to your health; besides, there’s no evidence that they help keep weight off over the long term.
Get moving. You don’t have to play a team sport or go to the gym. Try different kinds of activities from hiking to cycling, or to dancing until you find what you like.
【小题1】According to the passage, before you decide to lose or gain weight you must know _________.

A.how you will do it
B.how long it should last
C.whether you have a healthy weight
D.what your realistic goal is
【小题2】Which of the following would be the best to be put in the blank in the second paragraph?
A.Find a partner.
B.Make weight loss a family behavior.
C.Don’t give up easily.
D.Small changes make a difference.
【小题3】The underlined part ‘Slake yourself’ in the third paragraph means “__________”
A.Stop yourself feeling thirsty.
B.Make yourself feel less tired.
C.Make yourself feel comfortable.
D.Stop yourself feeling less hungry.
【小题4】We can learn from the passage that __________.
A. exercising is harmful to one’s health
B. diet pills may not help one lose weight in the long term
C. having eating trouble is the No.1 cause of being overweight
D. all models or actors in magazines and on TV have weight problems

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下面的文章是一家旅行社的宣传单,其中有5处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A,B,C,D,E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A. No Smoking Comfort
B. Special Features
C. Your Questions Answered
D. We’re Proud of Our Tradition
E. Time to Leave
F. Seat Reservation
SPRI.NG IS IN THE AIR!
Welcome to our Spring Daybreak programme which continues the tradition of offering daytrips and tours at unbeatable value for money.  All the excursions in this brochure will be operated by Premier Travel Services Limited or Millers Coaches:both companies are part of the CHL Group,which owns Cambridge’S Cambus fleet.
【小题1】____________________
Premier was established in 1936;the Company now offers the highest standards of coach travel in today’s competitive operating environment. Millers has an enviable reputation stretching back over the past 20 years,offering value for money coach services at realistic prices.  We’ve travelled a long way since our early days of pre—war seaside trips. Now our fleet of 50 modem coaches f few are more than five years old)operate throughout Britain and Europe but we’re pleased to maintain the high standards of quality and service that were the trademark of our founders nearly sixty years ago.
【小题2】____________________
All Daybreak fares(unless specifically stated otherwise)include admission charges to the attractions,shows and exhibits we visit. Many full day scenic tours are accompanied by a fully trained English Tourist Board‘ Blue Badge’ guide or local experienced driver/guide. Some Daybreaks include lunch or afternoon tea. Compare our admission inclusive fares and see how much you save. The cheapest is not necessarily the best and value for money is guaranteed with Daybreaks. If you compare our bargain Daybreak fares beware—most of our competitors do not offer an all inclusive fare.
【小题3】____________________
We value the freedom of choice,so you can choose your seat when you book. The seat reservation is guaranteed and remains yours at all times when aboard the coach.
【小题4】____________________
With the comfort of our passengers in mind,coaches on all our Daybreaks are no smoking throughout. In the interests of fellow passengers’ comfort, we kindly ask that smokers observe our ‘no smoking’ policy. On scenic tours and longer journeys,ample refreshment stops are provided when. of course,smoking is permitted.
【小题5】_____________________
Do I need to book?
Booking in advance is strongly recommended as all Daybreak tours are subject to demand. Subject to availability,stand—by tickets can be purchased from the driver.
What time does the coach leave?
The coach departs from Cambridge Drummer Street(Bay 12)at the time shown. There are many additional joining points indicated by departure codes in the brochure. If you are joining at one of our less popular joining points,you will be advised of your pick up time(normally by telephone) not less than 48 hours before departure. In this way,we can minimise the length of pick-up routes and reduce journey times for the majority of passengers.
What time do we get back?
An approximate return time is shown for each excursion. The times shown serve as a guide,but road conditions can sometimes cause delay. If your arrival will be later than advertised. your driver will try to allow for a telephone call during the return journey.

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下面文章中有5处(第61~65题)需要添加小标题,请从以下选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑,选项中一项为多余选项.

A.Learn Everyday
B.Agree to Disagree
C.Respect Each Other
D.Arrange Some Time to Go Out
E. Develop Healthy Relationships
F. Learn to Listen and Speak
Healthy Relationship Tips
Healthy relationships are effortless, if both the people involved take equal effort to maintain it. Here are a few healthy relationship tips to help you build the dream of your life.
61. ________________
Communication is an art of putting your thoughts into words, so that they are exactly understood by the opposite person. Communication does not mean going on talking unnecessarily. This is the first mistake that couples make. One person in the relationship assumes the role of talker and the other becomes the listener. Their roles remain so forever. The talker forgets to listen and the listener becomes used to listening and not reacting. If your partner takes time to open up, help them out by asking questions. So hear them out and give proper reactions. You will obtain the benefits of a healthy relationship through increased confidence in both of you to open up and hear things out.
62. ________________
Regular conversations take the form of heated arguments amongst many couples. Understand that not every statement needs a reaction. Maybe a certain reaction may lead to an argument with your partner. Just agree with whatever it is and there will be no harm done. Try and reach a mutual (相互的) agreement. If that’s not possible leave the topic for later. If you give it time, maybe both of you will be able to think about it rationally.
63. ________________
Every single day is a blessing. Each moment with your partner is a moment to learn something new and discover the finer nuances (细微差别) of your relationships. Each one of us keep changing everyday, the circumstances around us change everyday and with that our attitude also needs to change. The same applies when you are living with a person. Learning everyday and taking everyday as a challenge will help you perfect healthy relationship tips.
64. ________________
This tip is especially meant for couples with children to maintain healthy relationships. After a certain period, couples complain about romance being lost. To keep your relationship healthy, take some time out from your day-to-day routines to spend some quality time with your partner. This can be done as dinners, indulging in outdoor activities or just hanging out at a coffee shop like old times.
65. ________________
Respect has to be earned. It can only be earned only if you learn to respect. Often, one of the partners plays the role of a dictator to give orders, while the other simply follows. Both sides involved are equally responsible for this mistake. Learn to respect each other and understand that both of you are equally responsible for the relationship.
Creating a healthy relationship takes equal effort from both sides. Sharing, caring, being apologetic, forgiving and having realistic expectations are some of the important ingredients to the recipe of a healthy relationship.

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Over the last 70 years, researchers have been studying happy and unhappy people and finally found out ten factors that make a difference. Our feelings of well-being at any moment are determined to a certain degree by genes. However, of all the factors, wealth and age are the top two.
Money can buy a degree of happiness. But once you can afford to feed, clothe and house yourself, each extra dollar makes less and less difference.
Researchers find that, on average, wealthier people are happier. But the link between money and happiness is complex. In the past half-century, average income has sharply increased in developed countries, yet happiness levels have remained almost the same. Once your basic needs are met, money only seems to increase happiness if you have more than your friends, neighbors and colleagues.
“Dollars buy status, and status makes people feel better,” conclude some experts, which helps explain why people who can seek status in other ways-scientists or actors, for example-may happily accept relatively poorly-paid jobs.
In a research, Professor Alex Michalos found that the people whose desire-not just for money, but for friends, family, job, health-rose furthest beyond what they already had, tended to be less happy than those who felt a smaller gap(差距). Indeed, the size of the gap predicted happiness about five times better than income alone. “The gap measures just blow away the only measures of income.” Says Michalos.
Another factor that has to do with happiness is age. Old age may not be so bad. “Given all the problems of aging, how could the elderly be more satisfied?” asks Professor Laura Carstensen.
In one survey, Carstensen interviewed 184 people between the ages of 18 and 94, and asked them to fill out an emotions questionnaire. She found that old people reported positive emotions just as often as young people, but negative emotions much less often.
Why are old people happier? Some scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn to live with it, or they’re more realistic about their goals, only setting ones that they know they can achieve. But Carstensen thinks that with time running out, older people have learned to focus on things that make them happy and let go of those that don’t.
“People realize not only what they have, but also that what they have cannot last forever,” she says. “A goodbye kiss to a husband or wife at the age of 85, for example, may bring far more complex emotional responses than a similar kiss to a boy or girl friend at the age of 20.”
【小题1】According to the passage, the feeling of happiness __________.

A.has little to do with wealthB.increases gradually with age
C.is determined partly by genesD.is measured by desires
【小题2】Some actors would like to accept poorly-paid jobs because the jobs ____________.
A.make them feel much betterB.improve their social position
C.provide chances to make friendsD.satisfy their professional interests
【小题3】Aged people are more likely to feel happy because they are more _________.
A.optimisticB.successfulC.practicalD.emotional
【小题4】Professor Alex Michalos found that people feel less happy if __________.
A.the gap between reality and desire is bigger
B.they have a stronger desire for friendship
C.their income is below their expectation
D.the hope for good health is greater

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Have you heard of the story of the four-minute miles? Many years ago, people believed that it was impossible for a human being to run a mile in less than four minutes until Roger Banister proves it wrong in 1954.

What happens if you put an animal in a pond? Any animal, big or small, will swim its way through. What happens when people, who do not know how to swim, fall in deep waters? They drown. If an animal who has not learned swimming could escape by swimming, why not you? Because you believe you will drown while the animal does not.

Have you ever wondered why the letters are organized in a particular order on your keyboard? You might have thought it is to increase the typing speed. But the fact is that this system was developed to reduce the typing speed at a time when typewriter parts would jam (堵塞) if the operator typed too fast.

These three cases show the power of our beliefs. There is no other more powerful directing force in human behavior than belief. Your beliefs have the power to create and to destroy. A belief delivers command to your nervous system.

I used a snake in my workshops of children to learn how unrealistic some of their beliefs are. Students of a school in India, said snakes were slippery, slimy(黏糊糊的)  and poisonous. After doing an exercise for changing beliefs, they handled my snake and found it to be dry and clean. They also remembered that only three types of poisonous snakes exist in India.

Did this story end the way you thought? Review your beliefs now and find out which ones you need to change.

From the first paragraph, we know that _________.

A. several people have run a mile in four minutes.

B. Roger Banister set a record

C. nobody has run a mile in three minutes.

D. Roger Banister tied a world record

By comparing a drowning animal and a person, the writer tried to show _________.

A. the power of confidence

B. the responses of humans and animals to dangers

C. the difference between humans and animals

D. the power of belief

Which of the following statements would the writer agree with?

    A. Our beliefs are impossible to change

    B. How we act mainly depends on our beliefs.

    C. Our beliefs create or destroy our nervous system

    D. Our beliefs always go against the truth

The children visiting the writer’s workshops might_________.

    A. learn how to keep off snakes

    B. become brave and realistic

    C. become clever and strong

D. learn to review their beliefs

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