Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, is the author of several published reports, one of which introduced the idea in 1953 ________ aspirin could reduce the risk of heart attacks by thinning blood.

 Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, is the author of several published reports, one of which introduced the idea in 1953 ________ aspirin could reduce the risk of heart attacks by thinning blood.

A．when            B．where            C．that              D．which

Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, is the author of several published reports, one of which introduced the idea in 1953 ________ aspirin could reduce the risk of heart attacks by thinning blood.

1. A.
   when
2. B.
   where
3. C.
   that
4. D.
   which

The hole in the Earth's ozone layer (臭氧层) has until now protected Antarctica from the worst effects of global warming. But scientists have warned that as the hole closes up in the next few decades, temperatures on the continent could rise by around 3^oC on average, with melting ice contributing to a global sea level increase of up to 1.4 metres.

    In the past decades the western Antarctic has seen rapid ice loss as the world has warmed, but the other parts of the continent have, paradoxically, been cooling, resulting in a 10% increase in ice in the seas around the region. This is because the hole in the ozone layer has increased cold winds in Antarctica, making much of the continent surface colder than usual.

    But now that the gasses that cause the ozone hole have been banned, scientists expect the hole to repair itself within the next 50 to 60 years. By then the cooling effect will have faded out and the Antarctic will face the full impact of global warming. This means an increase in average air temperatures of around 3^OC and a reduction in sea ice by around a third.

    The biggest threat to the continent comes from warming seas. Robert Johnson, a scientist who monitors Antarctica ice sheets, said, "The ice sheets in Antarctica are hundreds of metres thick. But once warm ocean waters start flowing underneath, the ice will begin thinning and could break up very quickly. "Thinning ice sheets cause ice to break away from the continent and to melt even faster. Escaping ice from western Antarctica has already resulted in a 10% rise in global sea level in recent decades.

    Johnson believes that international action to reduce global warming is required immediately or it may be too late. "Everything is connected - Antarctica may be a long way away but it is an important part of the Earth's system," said Johnson. "It contains 90% of the world's ice, 70% of the world's fresh water and that is enough, if it melts completely, to raise sea levels by 63 metres."

    Even in a worse-case situation scientists don't expect the ice to entirely disappear, but predict that, because of the melting ice sheets, average sea level rise will be around 1.4 metres higher by the end of the century.

1.The underlined word "paradoxically" (in Paragraph 2) most probably means "_        _".

A. rapidly B. approximately    C. contradictorily D. apparently

2.What is the effect of the hole in the ozone layer on Antarctica?

A. It is making much of the continent colder.

B. It is causing the ice to melt faster.

C. It is making the effects of global warming in the region worse.

D. It is reducing the amount of water in Antarctica.

3. What do scientists think is the biggest danger facing Antarctica?

A. Rising sea levels.       B. Warming sea water temperature.

C. Water pollution.         D. Growing ice sheets.

4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Antarctica contains most of the world's fresh water.

B. The average temperature has increased by 3 degree centigrade in recent decades.

C. Antarctica is currently experiencing the full effects of global warming.

D. Ten percent of Antarctica's ice has already been lost.

5.The best title for the passage is ___ ___      .

A. Our planet in danger                 B. Antarctica melting away

C. Action plan to save Antarctica       D. Let's save the ozone layer

Studies show that walking several times a week can lower, or reduce, the danger of many diseases. Walking also can help you lose weight.
Fast walking is good for the heart. It lowers the blood pressure. Researchers say walking can reduce the danger of suffering a heart attack by as much as fifty percent.
Studies have shown that walking for thirty minutes a day can delay and possibly prevent the development of Type Two Diabetes. It can prevent diabetes among people who are overweight and at danger for the disease.
Studies show that women who walk and take calcium reduce their danger of thinning of the bones. Walking also helps lower the pain of arthritis in areas where bones are joined by strengthening the muscles around the bones.
Walking several times a week is a good way to control your weight and even lose body fat. Studies show it also helps lower feelings of sadness.
Experts say walking is one of the safest ways to exercise. There is a low danger of injuries. So it is good for people who are starting an exercise program for the first time and for older people.
A walking program is easy to start. You should wear loose clothes and good shoes. Shoes designed for walking are best.
How fast should you walk?  You should be breathing hard while you are walking. Yet, you should be able to
talk.
Let your arms move back and forward at your sides while you walk.
【小题1】The title of the passage probably is ______.