“Most experiences of absent-mindedness ,forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room , are caused by a simple lack of attention, ” says Schacter. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded（编码） it deeply.”

　Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impression on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create troublesome situations. If you　put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your cupboard.  “Your memory itself isn’t failing you, ” says Schacter, “Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”  http://wx.jtyjy.com/

　Lack of interest can also lead to absent -mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago, ” says Zelinski, “ may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.”Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory depends on just that.

　　“Visual cues（ 视觉提示 ）can help prevent absent--mindedness, ”says Schacter, “But be sure the cue is clear and available. ”If you want to remember to take a medicine with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it in the medicine box and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.

　　Another common experience of absent - mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time, ”says Zelinski. “The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.”

1.The writer of the passage thinks that encoding properly is very important because ________.

　　A. it enables us to recall something from our memory

　　B. it slows down the process of losing our memory

　　C. it helps us understand our memory system better

　　D. it helps us to get back to where we were

2.One possible reason why women have a little better memories than men is that________.

　　A. they rely more on the environment

　　B. they have a wider range of interests

　　C. they have an unusual power of focusing their attention

　　D. they are more interested in what’s happening around them

3.Why can a note in the pocket hardly serve as a reminder? ________.

　　A. It will easily get lost

　　B. It is out of your sight

　　C. It’s not clear enough for you to read

　　D. It might get mixed up with other things

4.From the last paragraph we can learn that________.

　　A. repetition might help improve our memory

　　B. memory depends to a certain extent on the environment

　　C. we’d better return to where we were if we forget things

　　D. we should think about something else while doing one thing

5.The passage is mainly about ________.

　　A. the memory system of persons

　　B. a way of encoding and recalling

　　C. the causes of absent-mindedness

　　D. the impression of the environment on memory

 

“Most experiences of absent-mindedness ,forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room , are caused by a simple lack of attention, ” says Schacter. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded（编码） it deeply.”
　Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impression on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create troublesome situations. If you　put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your cupboard. “ Your memory itself isn’t failing you, ” says Schacter, “Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”  http://wx.jtyjy.com/
　Lack of interest can also lead to absent -mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago, ” says Zelinski, “ may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.”Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory depends on just that.
　　“Visual cues（ 视觉提示 ）can help prevent absent--mindedness, ”says Schacter, “But be sure the cue is clear and available. ”If you want to remember to take a medicine with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it in the medicine box and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
　　Another common experience of absent - mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time, ”says Zelinski. “The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.”
【小题1】The writer of the passage thinks that encoding properly is very important because ________.

A．it enables us to recall something from our memory

B．it slows down the process of losing our memory

C．it helps us understand our memory system better

D．it helps us to get back to where we were

【小题2】One possible reason why women have a little better memories than men is that________.

A．they rely more on the environment

B．they have a wider range of interests

C．they have an unusual power of focusing their attention

D．they are more interested in what’s happening around them

【小题3】Why can a note in the pocket hardly serve as a reminder? ________.

A．It will easily get lost

B．It is out of your sight

C．It’s not clear enough for you to read

D．It might get mixed up with other things

【小题4】From the last paragraph we can learn that________.

A．repetition might help improve our memory

B．memory depends to a certain extent on the environment

C．we’d better return to where we were if we forget things

D．we should think about something else while doing one thing

【小题5】The passage is mainly about ________.

A．the memory system of persons

B．a way of encoding and recalling

C．the causes of absent-mindedness

D．the impression of the environment on memory

根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

提示： A young boy arrives with a fishing rod.

Grandpa：Hi, there!

Albert：Hi.

Grandpa：　1　

Albert：Albert.

Grandpa：Are you all alone?

Albert：Yes, sir.

Grandpa：　2　

Albert：I'm ten.

Philip： 　3　

Albert：He's up there at the lodge.

Philip：　4　

Albert：Yes, sir.

Philip：OK, Robbie, maybe you should watch him. The water's pretty deep here.

Robbie：　5　

a． Where are you?

b． How old are you, Albert?

c． Where is your father?

d． What's your name?

e． Does he know you are here?

f． Does anyone know you are here?

g． I'll watch him, Grandpa.

根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

提示：On a street in downtown Manhattan, Harry Bennett is carrying some flowers. He takes out a piece of paper from his pocket. It reads, “Susan Stewart, 83 Wooster Street, phone #666-9470, 8:00 P.M.” Harry stops to talk to a street vendor (小贩、售货机). He asks him for directions.

Harry：Excuse me. Can you help me?

Vendor：Sure, 　1　

Harry：Where is 83 Wooster Street?

Vendor：That's easy. (He points.) 　2 　Then walk two blocks to the traffic light. Make another left to Wooster.

Harry：Thank you.　　 　3　

Vendor：Yeah (=yes). A left. Hot dog? Only seventy-five cents.

Harry：　4 　I have a dinner date (晚餐约会)。

(A little later. Harry is still lost. He goes to a pay phone and dials (拨号) Susan's telephone number.)

Harry：555-9470 … and it's busy … Try again. 555-9470 … and it's still busy. (He walks to a grocery store to ask for directions.) 　5　

Woman：Yes, Wooster Street is two blocks, and 83 is to the right, about two houses.

Harry：Thank you, thank you!

Woman：You're welcome.

1．

[　　]

2．

[　　]

3．

[　　]

4．

[　　]

5．

[　　]

A． Excuse me ma'am. I'm looking for 83 Wooster Street.

B． All right, I'll take one.

C． What do you want?

D． No, Thank you.

E． To the corner and then a left?

F． There it is.

G． Walk to the corner. Then make a left turn.